1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 23273:2013Fuel cell road vehicles Safetyspecifications Protectionagainst hydrogen hazardsfor vehicles fuelled withcompressed hydrogenBS ISO 23273:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 23273:2013. Itsupersedes BS IS
2、O 23273-2:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PEL/69, Electric vehicles.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovi
3、sions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 83387 8ICS 43.120Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published und
4、er the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 23273:2013 ISO 2013Fuel cell road vehicles Safety specifications Protection against hydrogen hazards for vehicles fuelled with compressed hydrogenVhicules rou
5、tiers aliments par pile combustible Spcifications de scurit Protection contre les dangers de lhydrogne pour les vhicules utilisant de lhydrogne comprimINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO23273First edition2013-06-15Reference numberISO 23273:2013(E)BS ISO 23273:2013ISO 23273:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reserv
6、edCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written
7、permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 23273:
8、2013ISO 23273:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Environmental and operational conditions . 35 Design and performance requirements of the fuel system 35.1 General . 35.2 Components . 35.3 Location and instal
9、lation of components . 45.4 Discharges . 46 Test methods for determining flammability around the vehicle from fuel discharges 47 Complementary or alternative approach to verify hydrogen-related safety requirements 47.1 General . 47.2 Hydrogen-related components and systems 57.3 Integration of the hy
10、drogen-related components and systems into the FCV . 57.4 Verification of the safety concept 58 Fuelling requirements 58.1 General . 58.2 Fuelling inlet . 5Bibliography 6BS ISO 23273:2013ISO 23273:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of na
11、tional standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Intern
12、ational organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those inten
13、ded for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.
14、org/directivesAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be
15、in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcom
16、mittee SC 21, Electrically propelled road vehicles.This first edition of ISO 23273 cancels and replaces ISO 23273-2:2006, of which it constitutes a minor revision.iv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 23273:2013INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23273:2013(E)Fuel cell road vehicles Safety specifications Pro
17、tection against hydrogen hazards for vehicles fuelled with compressed hydrogen1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the essential requirements for fuel cell vehicles (FCV) with respect to the protection of persons and the environment inside and outside the vehicle against hydrogen-related haz
18、ards.It applies only to such FCV where compressed hydrogen is used as fuel for the fuel cell system.This International Standard does not apply to manufacturing, maintenance, and repair.The requirements of this International Standard address both normal operating (fault-free) and single-fault conditi
19、ons of the vehicles.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (
20、including any amendments) applies.ISO 17268, Gaseous hydrogen land vehicle refuelling connection devicesISO 6469-2, Electrically propelled road vehicles Safety specifications Part 2: Vehicle operational safety means and protection against failures3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this docum
21、ent, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1air processing systemsystem that processes (i.e. that filters, meters, conditions, and pressurizes) the incoming air for the fuel cell system3.2contaminantsubstances within raw fuel, such as sulphur, that, at or above a specified concentration level,
22、 may poison reaction catalysts3.3electric chassisconductive mechanical structure of the vehicle, including all associated electric and electronic components, whose parts are electrically connected and whose potential is taken as reference3.4excess flow valvevalve which automatically shuts off or lim
23、its the gas flow when the flow exceeds a set design value ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 23273:2013ISO 23273:2013(E)3.5fuel cellelectrochemical device that generates electricity by the conversion of fuel and an oxidant without any physical or chemical consumption of the electrodes or electroly
24、te3.6fuel cell stackassembly of two or more fuel cells, which are electrically connected3.7fuel cell systemsystem typically containing the following subsystems: fuel cell stack, air processing system, fuel processing system, thermal management, water management, and their control system3.8fuel cell
25、vehicleFCVvehicle that receives propulsion power from an on-board fuel cell power systemNote 1 to entry: The general term FCV also includes vehicles with an additional other source of propulsion power.3.9fuel processing systemsystem that converts (if necessary) and/or conditions the fuel as stored i
26、n the on-board fuel storage into fuel suitable for operation in the fuel cell stack3.10fuel systemcombination of the on-board fuel storage, the fuel processing system, and the fuel cell stack3.11main hydrogen shut-off valvevalve designed to automatically isolate the high-pressure hydrogen source3.12
27、maximum allowable working pressureMAWPmaximum working pressure at which a component or system may be normally operated without damage, including leakage and deformationNote 1 to entry: The maximum allowable working pressure is used in determining the setting of pressure-limiting/relieving devices in
28、stalled to protect the part or system from accidental over-pressurizing.3.13nominal working pressurepressure level at which a component typically operatesNote 1 to entry: For fuel containers, it is the settled pressure at a uniformed temperature of 15 C (288 K) for a full fuel container.3.14purgepro
29、cess to eliminate unwanted gas constituents from the hydrogen system3.15temperature-triggered pressure relief devicePRDexcessive temperature-triggered, activated non-reclosing resealing device which vents gas to protect the fuel container from rupture when subjected to a standard fire test2 ISO 2013
30、 All rights reservedBS ISO 23273:2013ISO 23273:2013(E)4 Environmental and operational conditionsThe requirement given in this International Standard shall be met across the range of environmental and operational conditions for which the vehicle is designed to operate, as specified by the vehicle man
31、ufacturer.5 Design and performance requirements of the fuel system5.1 GeneralThe fuel system consists of a high-pressure section, where the inner pressure is the same as in the fuel container, and an intermediate- to low-pressure section, where the inner pressure is lower than that of the high-press
32、ure section.The fuel system shall be equipped with a fire protection system incorporating one or more temperature-triggered PRD(s), a main hydrogen shut-off valve that shall be closed when the energizing power to the valve is lost, and which shall also be closed when the vehicle fuel cell system is
33、not operating, a hydrogen shut-off system according to 5.2.4, and an excess flow valve or a system providing the same function.5.2 Components5.2.1 GeneralThe components of the fuel system shall satisfy the following requirements.The components shall be designed, installed, and serviced in such a way
34、 that they can operate safely under the environmental and operational conditions as specified by the manufacturer.All components used in the high-pressure section shall have an adequate pressure rating based on the nominal working pressure.All components used in the intermediate- and low-pressure se
35、ctions shall have an adequate pressure rating based on the maximum allowable working pressure.Electrically conductive housings of components in possible flammable areas should be bonded to the electric chassis to prevent inadvertent ignition of hydrogen discharges.5.2.2 Fuel containerA vehicle fuel
36、container according to legal requirements, if applicable, shall be used. Otherwise, requirements shall be specified by the vehicle manufacturer.The fuel container system shall be equipped with at least one temperature-triggered PRD located near the hydrogen fuel container(s) so that hydrogen in the
37、fuel container can be discharged before rupture (see also 5.3).5.2.3 Overpressure protectionAny parts located in the intermediate or low pressure section shall be capable of withstanding or be protected against an extraordinary pressure increase due to a single failure of the first pressure regulato
38、r upstream.NOTE For guidance, see SAE J2578. ISO 2013 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 23273:2013ISO 23273:2013(E)5.2.4 Hydrogen shut-off systemThe fuel system and its control shall provide a means to close the main hydrogen shut-off valve and thereby prevent unwanted discharge of hydrogen or other hazar
39、ds arising from single-point failures, as per ISO 6469-2.5.3 Location and installation of componentsAll components and interconnecting piping and wiring shall be securely mounted or supported in the vehicle to minimize damage and prevent leakage and/or malfunction.Components shall be located within
40、the vehicle to reduce the possibility of accidental damage, unless the components are adequately protected and no part of the component lies outside of the protective structure.Fuel pipes shall be located and protected in such a way that no damage can be caused by vehicle vibrations under normal ope
41、rational conditions as specified by the vehicle manufacturer.5.4 DischargesThe vehicle design for all fuel system exhausts, purges, vents, and other discharges that occur during normal operation of the vehicle shall prevent hydrogen-related hazardous conditions. All normal operating modes including
42、start, run, stop, and off (parked) should be considered in these requirements.Discharges into all vehicle compartments under normal operation and single-failure conditions shall not lead to any hazardous conditions.In areas of contemplated use, such as outdoors, mechanically ventilated buildings and
43、 structures, and non-mechanically ventilated residential garages, legal requirements shall be met. Normal discharges from the vehicle to the outside shall be non-flammable.NOTE Guidance relative to evaluating vehicles for commonly contemplated situations such as driving outdoors, idling the vehicle
44、in commercial buildings, and parking in a residential garage is provided in SAE J2578.Discharges from the PRD shall be vented to the outside of the vehicle, and shall be protected as well as all associated piping and outlet, such that functionality is not compromised due to flow restrictions.The rel
45、ease of hydrogen from traction batteries shall not lead to any hazardous conditions.6 Test methods for determining flammability around the vehicle from fuel dis-chargesTests shall be performed according to applicable national or International Standards or legal requirements. Otherwise, test methods
46、shall be specified by the vehicle manufacturer.7 Complementary or alternative approach to verify hydrogen-related safety requirements7.1 GeneralComplementary to the requirements in Clause 5, protection for persons and the environment inside and outside the vehicle against hydrogen-related hazards ma
47、y be achieved by the following procedure. This procedure may also be applied instead of the requirements in Clause 5, resulting in requirements more specific to the conditions of a given fuel cell vehicle design.NOTE Such approach is applied to vehicle electronic systems in several ECE Regulations (
48、R13, R79).4 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 23273:2013ISO 23273:2013(E)7.2 Hydrogen-related components and systemsComponents and systems containing and/or carrying and/or processing hydrogen shall be specified by the vehicle manufacturer unless legal requirements apply.7.3 Integration of the hydr
49、ogen-related components and systems into the FCV7.3.1 Normal (fault-free) hydrogen-related conditions of the vehicleThe vehicle manufacturer shall establish a process that, under normal (fault-free) conditions of the hydrogen-related components and systems, no hazard for persons in or in the vicinity of the FCV in normal environmental and operational conditions can occur.7.3.2 Hydrogen-related fault conditions of the vehicleA hazard analysis in relation to hydrogen shall be performed considering primarily the interface betwe
