1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 24631-7:2012Radiofrequency identificationof animalsPart 7: Synchronization of ISO 11785identification systemsBS ISO 24631-7:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis Brit
2、ish Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 24631-7:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AGE/6/1, Radio Frequency ID for Animals.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not pur
3、port to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 71191 6ICS 65.040.99Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligation
4、s.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 24631-7:2012 ISO 2012Radiofrequency identification of animals Part 7: Synchronization of ISO 11785 identification sys
5、temsIdentification des animaux par radiofrquence Partie 7: Synchronisation des systmes didentification conformes lISO 11785INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO24631-7First edition2012-12-01Reference numberISO 24631-7:2012(E)BS ISO 24631-7:2012ISO 24631-7:2012(E)ii ISO 2012 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTE
6、D DOCUMENT ISO 2012All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member
7、 body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 24631-7:2012ISO 24631-7:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduct
8、ion v1 Scope . 12 Normative reference . 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Abbreviations. 25 Synchronization protocol 25.1 HDX detection 25.2 FDX detection . 25.3 MRS (Mobile Reader Sync) . 35.4 Synchronization signals 35.5 Reader states 35.6 Period extensions . 45.7 Possible situations . 45.8 Possible e
9、rror situations. 66 System overview . 77 Electrical specifications of bus 88 Synchronization method 89 Hardware suggestion for the synchronization circuit 119.1 Logic block . 129.2 Synchronization detector 139.3 Transformer specifications . 13Annex A (normative) Synchronization timing diagram .15Bib
10、liography .17BS ISO 24631-7:2012ISO 24631-7:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each
11、 member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Internationa
12、l Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards a
13、dopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of pa
14、tent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 24631-7 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 19, Agricultural electronics.ISO 24631 consists of the following parts, under t
15、he general title Radio frequency identification of animals: Part 1: Evaluation of conformance of RFID transponders with ISO 11784 and ISO 11785 (including granting and use of a manufacturer code) Part 2: Evaluation of conformance of RFID transceivers with ISO 11784 and ISO 11785 Part 3: Evaluation o
16、f performance of RFID transponders conforming with ISO 11784 and ISO 11785 Part 4: Evaluation of performance of RFID transceivers conforming with ISO 11784 and ISO 11785 Part 5: Procedure for testing capability of RFID transceivers of reading ISO 11784 and ISO 11785 transponders Part 6: Representati
17、on of animal identification information (visual display/data transfer) Part 7: Synchronization of ISO 11785 identification systemsiv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 24631-7:2012ISO 24631-7:2012(E)IntroductionWired synchronization is briefly explained in Clause C.2 of ISO 11785:1996.This part of I
18、SO 24631 describes in detail the method for synchronizing stationary ISO 11785 transmitters and receivers, as well as the method for allowing mobile readers to read ISO 11785 and Annex A transponders while in physical proximity of stationary readers. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vBS ISO 24631-7:2012
19、BS ISO 24631-7:2012Radiofrequency identification of animals Part 7: Synchronization of ISO 11785 identification systems1 ScopeThis part of ISO 24631 specifies rules and procedures for synchronizing RFID transceivers while reading transponders used in individual animal identification complying to ISO
20、 11784 and ISO 11785.The synchronization scheme described herein may be fully implemented within each reader, and such readers when attached to the synchronization bus create a peer-to-peer network (all readers are equal there is no dedicated master). Additionally, a cluster of readers, which could
21、be in a master/slave configuration, may also be added to the bus using a dedicated, manufacturer specific Synchronization Interface. The Synchronization Interface presents to the synchronization bus electrical characteristics identical to those of a single peer-to-peer reader.The transceiver conform
22、ance standard ISO 24631-2 permits activation on/off timing tolerances of 0/+1 ms and therefore gives reader manufacturers options as to their preferred method for detecting the HDX header; partial or full. However, when synchronizing readers, irrespective of which header detection method is used, it
23、 is critical that all readers adhere strictly to the specific timings and timing tolerances as given in the timing diagrams.Particular attention should also be given to fault diagnostics which becomes more important when a reader network comprises products from different manufacturers. The obvious c
24、ase is where a reader which is part of a network has become detached e.g. sync cable break, and it considers its self to be now standalone and thus permitted to operate asynchronously to the detriment of all other readers.2 Normative referenceThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normati
25、vely referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 11784:1996, Radio frequency identification of animals Code st
26、ructureISO 11785:1996, Radio frequency identification of animals Technical concept3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1transceiverdevice used to communicate with the transponder3.2transponderradiofrequency identification (RFID) device
27、 that transmits its stored information when activated by a transceiver and that may be able to store new informationNote 1 to entry: See ISO 24631-1 for definitions of the main types.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 24631-7:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 24631-7:2012ISO 24631-7:2012(E)3.3tra
28、nsponder codecode as programmed in the transponder and defined in ISO 11784:1996 (Table 1) and ISO 117854 AbbreviationsFDX-B full duplex communication protocol (conforming to ISO 11785, excluding protocols men-tioned in Annex A of ISO 11785:1996)HDX half duplex communication protocolRFID radiofreque
29、ncy identification5 Synchronization protocolFor identification systems that conform to ISO 11784 and 11785, it is necessary to synchronize readers when two or more are used in physical proximity. Half duplex transponders convey data using two frequencies, one of which is the same frequency as the ac
30、tivation signal. When two or more readers operate independently (i.e. asynchronously), their respective activation signals can occur during the periods when other readers are attempting to receive HDX transponder signals. Consequently, readers will mutually interfere with one another unless the ON (
31、reading of FDX transponders) and OFF (reading of HDX transponders) periods of the activation signals are synchronized. Synchronized readers transmit activation signals and receive HDX transponder signals in unison and will not interfere with each other.The ISO 11785 Adaptive Timing protocol describe
32、s how a reader should behave when it detects a transponder. The synchronization protocol described in this part of ISO 24631 specifies how this behaviour is conveyed among readers. When a transponder is detected by a reader, this reader is allowed to extend the reading period for a certain time. The
33、 extension of the reading period is made known to other readers by means of a synchronization signal.The ISO synchronization protocol described in Annex C of ISO 11785:1996 defines how readers in one network coordinate the ON and OFF periods of their respective transmitters. These patterns of ON and
34、 OFF periods are called cycles. One cycle comprises one ON period followed by one OFF period. These ON and OFF periods can be extended when transponders are detected. Every 10thcycle, a fixed ON/OFF pattern shall be generated. This cycle consists of a 50 ms ON period for receiving FDX transponders a
35、nd a 20 ms OFF period for receiving HDX transponders. This 10thcycle allows a mobile reader not connected with the wired synchronization network of the stationary readers, to receive the transponders.5.1 HDX detectionA normal cycle of an idle (non-detecting) reader comprises a 50 ms ON period follow
36、ed by a 4 ms OFF period. When a reader detects a HDX transponder, it will extend the OFF period to 20 ms. To do this, it will tell the other readers in the network that the period shall be extended by asserting a sync signal on the network. All readers connected to the wired synchronization network
37、see the sync signal and extend their respective OFF periods to 20 ms. In this extended OFF period, the reader can receive the full transponder information. The extended OFF period for HDX receiving is always a fixed 20 ms.5.2 FDX detectionWhen a reader detects an FDX transponder, there is generally
38、sufficient time to receive the complete information within the 50 ms ON period of a cycle. However, if the transponder is not received completely, the reader is allowed to extend the ON period. However, the maximum reading period for FDX is 100 ms, and the reader is not allowed to extend the ON peri
39、od beyond this maximum reading time. As in the HDX case, the reader asserts a sync signal on the network in order to tell the other readers that an extension of the reading time is required.2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 24631-7:2012ISO 24631-7:2012(E)The 10thcycle is a special case where it i
40、s not allowed to extend the FDX period and, additionally, the HDX period is always extended to 20 ms.5.3 MRS (Mobile Reader Sync)Every 10thcycle is identified by the MRS pulse on the synchronization network during the 20 ms OFF period. Each reader in the network is capable of asserting this pulse. H
41、owever, a reader is allowed to generate the pulse only when it determines that there is no other pulse on the synchronization network. Each reader synchronizes on the leading edge of this pulse.5.4 Synchronization signalsEvery reader generates the three possible signals:1) MRS (Mobile Reader Sync pu
42、lse) 20 ms 0,5 ms2) HDX extension16,4 ms +0106,ms 3) FDX extension n x 2 ms (1 20 msFDXFigure 2 Overview of the sync lines and field status with a FDX-B transponder present in the antenna field5.7.3 HDX transponder is presentDetection of a HDX transponder by a reader results in an HDX reading period
43、 of 19,4 ms +0106,ms. The sync signal is now made high between 3 ms and 4 ms after the start of the HDX period. This ensures that the duration of the sync signal is always less than 20 ms. Again, all other readers detect the sync signal and will also extend their respective ON periods to 20 ms. An o
44、verview of the sync lines and field status is given in Figure 3. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 24631-7:2012ISO 24631-7:2012(E)Situation C, HDX transponder in antenna field of reader 2 sync inReader 2 sync outReader 1 sync outfield status4ms 20ms4ms50msHDX16msFigure 3 Overview of the sync line
45、s and field status with a HDX transponder present in the antenna field5.7.4 10thcycle patternEvery 10thcycle, a fixed pattern of 50 ms FDX ON period and 20 ms HDX OFF period is introduced where mobile readers are able to read the transponders. Each stationary reader is synchronized and may try to ge
46、nerate the MRS pulse. As long as no reader has asserted a sync signal, more than one reader may simultaneously assert the MRS pulse. However, when a reader detects the beginning of an MRS pulse on the sync network, that reader refrains from asserting an MRS pulse. This is to ensure that the MRS puls
47、e is exactly 20 ms. An overview of the sync lines and field status is given in Figure 4.Situation D, every 10th cycle a fixed pattern of 50 ms FDX, 20 ms HDXReader 1 sync outReader 2 sync outsync infield status4ms 4ms 4ms50ms 50ms 20ms 50ms10thcycleMRSpulseFigure 4 Overview of the sync lines and fie
48、ld status during the 10thcycle, with fixed pattern of 50 ms FDX-B and 20 ms HDX5.8 Possible error situations5.8.1 Unexpected MRS pulseSuppose reader 1 is in the 8th cycle and reader 2 generates an MRS pulse. Reader 1 will now synchronize to the MRS pulse and starts with the 1stcycle after the fallin
49、g edge of the MRS pulse. An overview of the sync lines and field status is given in Figure 5.6 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 24631-7:2012ISO 24631-7:2012(E)Situation E, an unexpected MRS pulseReader 1 sync outReader 2 sync outsync infield status4ms 20ms4ms 4ms50ms 50ms 50ms10thcycle8thcycle1stcycleMRSpulse1stcycleFigure 5 Overview of the sync lines and field status with an unexpected MRS pulse5.8.2 One reader is no longer synchronizedSuppose reader 2 is no longer synchronized with the other readers. This reader can d
