1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 5131:2015Tractors for agriculture andforestry Measurement ofnoise at the operators position Survey methodBS ISO 5131:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 5131:2015. It supersedes BS ISO 5131:1996 which is withdraw
2、n. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AGE/6, Agricultural tractors and forestry machinery.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisi
3、ons of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 87266 2 ICS 17.140.20; 65.060.01 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard
4、was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 5131:2015 ISO 2015Tractors for agriculture and forestry Measurement of noise at the operators position Survey methodTracteurs a
5、gricoles et forestiers Mesurage du bruit au poste de conduite de loprateur Mthode de contrleINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO5131Third edition2015-09-01Reference numberISO 5131:2015(E)BS ISO 5131:2015ISO 5131:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in Switzerla
6、ndAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be request
7、ed from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 5131:2015ISO 5131:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1
8、 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Measurements units and tolerances 25 Instrumentation 26 Circumstances for testing 36.1 Acoustical environment 36.2 Ambient conditions . 36.3 Operator 37 Condition of tractor . 37.1 Selection 37.2 Running-in and preliminary adjustment 38
9、Microphone location. 49 Common noise measurement practice 410 Test report . 4Annex A (normative) Agricultural tractors . 5Annex B (informative) Specimen report form 8Annex C (informative) Designation of Maintenance Agency .12Bibliography .13 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 5131:2
10、015ISO 5131:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a sub
11、ject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (I
12、EC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be
13、noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifyi
14、ng any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience
15、of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Suppl
16、ementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 2, Common tests.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 5131:1996), which has been technically revised for technical harmonizatio
17、n with OECD Code 5: July 2014.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 5131:2015ISO 5131:2015(E)IntroductionTechnical harmonization with OECD is ensured by the Maintenance Agency operating as specified in Annex C. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 5131:2015BS ISO 5131:2015Tractors for agriculture an
18、d forestry Measurement of noise at the operators position Survey method1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a method for the measuring and reporting of the noise at the operator(s) position of a tractor used in agriculture and forestry. The measured noise relates only to the basic machine an
19、d applies to tractors with machine-carried operators. The results provide information to the operator(s) in order to avoid exposing themselves to noise levels that could put their hearing at risk.The conditions specified for the operation of the machines during the measurements are defined to provid
20、e a realistic and repeatable assessment of the maximum noise an operator should be subjected to when operating a machine. The test procedures specified in this International Standard are survey methods as defined in ISO 12001.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are no
21、rmatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 5353:1995, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and mach
22、inery for agriculture and forestry Seat index pointISO 6395:2008, Earth-moving machinery Determination of sound power level Dynamic test conditionsISO 12001, Acoustics Noise emitted by machinery and equipment Rules for the drafting and presentation of a noise test codeIEC 60942, Electroacoustics Sou
23、nd calibratorsIEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics Sound level meters3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1agricultural tractorself-propelled agricultural vehicle having at least two axles and wheels, or endless tracks, particularly designed
24、to pull agricultural trailers and pull, push, carry, and operate implements used for agricultural work (including forestry work), which may be provided with a detachable loading platformNote 1 to entry: The agricultural vehicle has a maximum design speed of not less than 6 km/h and may be equipped w
25、ith one or more seats.SOURCE: ISO 12934:2013, 3.13.2power take-off powerpower measured at the dynamometer coupled to any shaft (with the tractor stationary) designed by the tractor manufacturer to be used as a power take-offSOURCE: ISO 789-1:1990, 3.2INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5131:2015(E) ISO 2015
26、All rights reserved 1BS ISO 5131:2015ISO 5131:2015(E)3.3roll-over protective structureROPSframework (safety cab or frame) protecting drivers of tractors for agricultural and forestry that avoids or limits risk to the driver resulting from accidental overturning during normal operationNote 1 to entry
27、: The ROPS is characterized by the provision of space for a clearance zone either inside the envelope of the structure or within a space bounded by a series of straight lines from the outer edges of the structure to any part of the tractor that might come into contact with flat ground and that is ca
28、pable of supporting the tractor in that position if the tractor overturns.SOURCE: ISO 5700:2013, 3.13.4unballasted tractor massmass of the tractor in working order with tanks and radiators full, roll-over protective structure with cladding, and any track equipment or additional front-wheel drive com
29、ponents required for normal useNote 1 to entry: Not included are the operator, optional ballast weights, additional wheel equipment, special equipment and loads.SOURCE: ISO 5700:2013, 3.24 Measurements units and tolerancesThe following units and tolerances apply to the maximum value measured: rotati
30、onal frequency (r/min) 0,5 % ; time (s) 0,2 s ; distance (m or mm) 0,5 % ; force (N) 1,0 % ; mass (kg) 0,5 % ; atmospheric pressure (kPa) 0,2 kPa ; tyre pressure (Pa) 5 % .5 Instrumentation5.1 A precision quality sound level meter shall be used meeting or exceeding the requirements of IEC 61672-1 fo
31、r a class 1 instrument. If alternative measuring equipment is used, the tolerances shall not exceed those given in the relevant clauses of IEC 61672-1 for a class 1 instrument. Measurement shall be carried out with a frequency weighting network in conformity with curve A and set to give slow respons
32、e as described in IEC 61672-1.5.2 The calibration of the equipment at the time of measurement shall be in accordance in all respects with the specifications of IEC 61672-1 for a class 1 instrument. Checking of the calibration shall be carried out at appropriate intervals and at least before and afte
33、r each measurement session, using an acoustical calibrator in accordance with the specifications of IEC 60942 for a class 1 instrument. The calibrator shall be checked annually to verify its output and its calibration shall be traceable to a national standards laboratory.5.3 An adequate technical de
34、scription of the measuring equipment shall be given in the test report.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 5131:2015ISO 5131:2015(E)6 Circumstances for testing6.1 Acoustical environment6.1.1 Measurements shall be made in a sufficiently silent, flat, and open zone. The last 20 m next to the test zon
35、e shall be essentially level and there shall be no obstacle in this area likely to reflect significant sound, such as a building, solid fence, tree or other machine.6.1.2 The surface of the test zone shall be of a kind where pneumatic tyres or endless rubber tracks do not cause excessive noise. It s
36、hall be made of concrete, asphalt or a similar material unless otherwise specified. The surface shall be as clean and dry as possible (e.g. free of gravel, leaves, snow, etc.).6.1.3 For endless metal tracks, the surface of the test zone shall be of a kind where they do not cause excessive noise. In
37、this case, it shall be a layer of humid sand as specified by ISO 6395:2008, 5.3.2.6.2 Ambient conditions6.2.1 Measurements shall be made in fine weather with little or no wind. The level of background noise and the level of wind noise at the microphone location shall be at least 10 dB(A) below the n
38、oise level measured during the test. Any extraneous noise that occurs while obtaining data, which is not connected to general sound level measurement, shall not be taken into consideration.6.2.2 No corrections shall be made to the test results for the atmospheric conditions or other factors. Atmosph
39、eric pressure shall not be less than 96,6 kPa. If this is not possible because of conditions of altitude, a modified injection pump setting may have to be used, details of which will be included in the report.6.3 Operator6.3.1 No person other than the operator of the tractor shall be in the cab duri
40、ng measurements. However, when the noise is being measured at additional operator positions on the machine, the usual number of operators shall be present. No person other than the operator(s) shall be in a position to influence the noise measurements.6.3.2 The operator shall not wear abnormally thi
41、ck clothing or any additional attire, such as a hat or scarf, which could influence the sound measurement.7 Condition of tractor7.1 Selection7.1.1 In the case of a third party performing the assessment, the manufacturer and the third party shall work together to select a tractor to be submitted for
42、testing. The tractor shall comply with the manufacturers product specification, and shall be operated in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.7.1.2 Annex A specifies conditions for agricultural tractors covered by this International Standard.7.2 Running-in and preliminary adjustment7.2.1 T
43、he tractor shall be new and run in prior to the test in accordance with the manufacturers usual instructions. If a third party is responsible for the testing, the third party itself may run in the tractor ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 5131:2015ISO 5131:2015(E)provided the authority of the man
44、ufacturer or their representative, who will remain responsible for the running-in, is obtained.7.2.2 The adjustment of the carburetor or the injection pump as well as the setting of the governor shall conform to the specifications provided by the manufacturer. The manufacturer may make adjustments i
45、n conformity with these specifications prior to testing, but adjustments shall not be made during the test.8 Microphone location8.1 For seated operators, the microphone shall be located 250 mm 20 mm to the side of the centre plane of the seat, the side being that on which the higher sound pressure l
46、evel is encountered. The axis of the microphone shall be horizontal and the diaphragm shall face forward. The centre of the microphone shall be 700 mm 20 mm above the seat index point (SIP) and 100 mm 20 mm forward of that point.8.2 The SIP shall be determined in accordance with ISO 5353.8.3 For the
47、 seat location and adjustment of the seat, any suspension of the seat shall be depressed until the seat reaches the midpoint of its dynamic range. Where the position of the seat is adjustable only lengthwise and vertically, the longitudinal axis passing through the seat index point shall be parallel
48、 with the vertical longitudinal plane of the tractor passing through the centre of the steering wheel and not more than 100 mm from that plane.9 Common noise measurement practice9.1 During the entire test, the throttle lever shall be set fully open unless otherwise specified.9.2 Once the test has st
49、arted, the tractor shall never be operated in a way that is not in accordance with the manufacturers published instructions in the operators manual.9.3 A 10 s period of stabilized running shall occur before any measurements are recorded.9.4 All sound level measurements shall be recorded in dB(A) to three significant figures.9.5 Make at least three measurements at each microphone position, as defined in Clause 8, and for each operating condition. If the range of the sound level results o
