1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 7206-6:2013Implants for surgery Partial and total hip jointprostheses Part 6: Endurance properties testing and performance requirements of neck region of stemmed femoral componentsBS ISO 7206-6:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK impl
2、ementation of ISO 7206-6:2013. It supersedes BS 7251-10:1992 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Tech-nical Committee CH/150/4, Surgical Implants - Bone and Joint Replacements.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to
3、its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 66662 9ICS 11.040.40Compliance with a British Standar
4、d cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2013.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 7206-6:2013 ISO 2013Implants for surgery Partial
5、 and total hip joint prostheses Part 6: Endurance properties testing and performance requirements of neck region of stemmed femoral componentsImplants chirurgicaux Prothses partielles et totales de larticulation de la hanche Partie 6: Exigences de performance et essais des proprits dendurance de la
6、rgion du col des tiges fmoralesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO7206-6Second edition2013-11-15Reference numberISO 7206-6:2013(E)BS ISO 7206-6:2013ISO 7206-6:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication
7、 may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of
8、the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 7206-6:2013ISO 7206-6:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normativ
9、e references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle of the test method . 25 Materials . 26 Apparatus . 27 Selection of test specimens 38 Procedure. 38.1 Measurement of the distance (CT) 38.2 Definition of the distal stem axis . 38.3 Definition of the proximal stem axis 38.4 Specimen positioning 38.
10、5 Specimen embedding 48.6 Embedding medium hardening 48.7 Test conditions 48.8 Loading 48.9 Frequency 48.10 Test end . 48.11 Complementary analysis 58.12 Test repetition 59 Endurance performance . 510 Test report . 511 Disposal of test specimens . 6Annex A (informative) Examples of specimen orientat
11、ion . 7Bibliography .15BS ISO 7206-6:2013ISO 7206-6:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committe
12、es. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Inte
13、rnational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the dif
14、ferent types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not
15、 be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is informatio
16、n given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 150, Implants for surgery, Subcommittee SC 4, Bone and joint replacements.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7206-6:1992), of which it consti
17、tutes a minor revision.ISO 7206 consists of the following parts, under the general title Implants for surgery Partial and total hip joint prostheses: Part 1: Classification and designation of dimensions Part 2: Articulating surfaces made of metallic, ceramic and plastics materials Part 4: Determinat
18、ion of endurance properties and performance of stemmed femoral components Part 6: Endurance properties testing and performance requirements of neck region of stemmed femoral components Part 10: Determination of resistance to static load of modular femoral headsiv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 7
19、206-6:2013ISO 7206-6:2013(E)IntroductionThe test method described in this part of ISO 7206 is intended for the verification of the endurance properties of the neck region of stemmed femoral components of hip joint prostheses. This method is based extensively on that given in ISO 7206-4, which verifi
20、es the endurance properties of the complete femoral component under loading conditions that include a torsional component. The test conditions in ISO 7206-4, especially the height of the specimen embedding, are intended to represent the clinical situation where the prosthesis has become loosened in
21、the femur, whereas the test conditions in this part of ISO 7206 are intended to represent a correctly and firmly fixed prosthesis. Therefore, it should be noted that the tests in this part of ISO 7206 may not be representative of the most unfavourable clinical conditions. ISO 2013 All rights reserve
22、d vBS ISO 7206-6:2013BS ISO 7206-6:2013Implants for surgery Partial and total hip joint prostheses Part 6: Endurance properties testing and performance requirements of neck region of stemmed femoral components1 ScopeThis part of ISO 7206 specifies test methods and the fatigue performance for the end
23、urance properties, under specified laboratory conditions, of neck region of stemmed femoral components of total hip joint prostheses and stemmed femoral components used alone in partial hip joint replacement. This part of ISO 7206 does not cover the investigation of the performance of the head or th
24、e neck-head junction. It is applicable to modular and non-modular designs made of metallic or non-metallic materials.It also specifies the test conditions so that the important parameters that affect the hip femoral components are taken into account and describes how the specimen is set up for testi
25、ng.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any ame
26、ndments) applies.ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methodsISO 4965-1:2012, Metallic materials Dynamic force calibration for uniaxial fatigue testing Part 1: Testing systemsISO 4965-2:2012, Metallic materials Dynamic force calibration for uniaxial fatigue testi
27、ng Part 2: Dynamic calibration device (DCD) instrumentationISO 7206-1, Implants for surgery Partial and total hip joint prostheses Part 1: Classification and designation of dimensions3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7206-1 and the follo
28、wing apply.3.1implantablecondition of a test sample which has received all the machining processes, cleaning, degreasing, and sterilization procedures required prior to implantation3.2resection line/levellevel prescribed by the manufacturer which, in clinical use of the femoral hip stem, corresponds
29、 to the proximal cut of the bone shaftINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7206-6:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 7206-6:2013ISO 7206-6:2013(E)4 Principle of the test methodThe test specimen is embedded in a solid medium. For modular stems, the protruding part of the test specimen is immersed in
30、a fluid test medium. A cyclic load is applied to the head of the test specimen until one of the conditions mentioned in 8.10 occurs.5 Materials5.1 Embedding medium, i.e., a casting medium, which shall:a) not crack or break under the load applied during testing;b) not exhibit excessive deformation or
31、 creep;c) be reproducible in strength and other characteristics.The media that appear satisfactory are acrylic bone cement (see ISO 5833), filled epoxy casting resin, and liquid metal as an amorphous metal alloy. The media should have a modulus of elasticity between 2 000 N/mm2and 6 000 N/mm2.5.2 Fl
32、uid test medium, a 9,0 g/l solution of analytical grade sodium chloride (NaCl) in distilled or deionized water of grade 3, as specified in ISO 3696.6 Apparatus6.1 Testing machine, has the following characteristics:a) ability to apply a cyclic load in accordance with Clause 8, at the chosen frequency
33、;b) tolerance in applied load is not greater than 2 % at maximum load applied, as specified in ISO 4965;c) dynamic loading waveform is sinusoidal at the primary frequency;d) instrumentation to monitor the values of the maximum and minimum loads and the vertical deflection of the head of the test spe
34、cimen with an uncertainty lower than 0,4 mm to stop the machine if deflection exceeds a prescribed value and to record the corresponding number of cycles or the elapsed time of operation.6.2 Specimen holders, has a construction and dimensions to suit the testing machine and test specimens.An example
35、 of a suitable holder is shown in Figure A.1.In a few cases (circular or slightly elliptical cross-sections of stem), an additional rotational stabilization may be used. This stabilization should fix only to the distal stem.6.3 Fluid container, for tests on modular stemmed femoral components where t
36、he container surrounding the test specimen is used to contain the test fluid together with a means of heating it.6.4 Gripping device, used to grip the test specimen by the head or neck, which retains the specimen in the orientation specified in 8.4. An example of a suitable device is shown in Figure
37、 A.2.6.5 A means of loading the test specimen, shall be employed which maintains loading through the centre of the head of the specimen, along the axis of the testing machine.It shall also incorporate a low-friction mechanism that in the horizontal plane minimizes loads not coincident with the axis
38、of the testing machine.2 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 7206-6:2013ISO 7206-6:2013(E)7 Selection of test specimensSix specimens shall be selected and shall be technically equivalent to the implantable product. The combination of hip stem, head, and other components to be tested should be the “wo
39、rst case” expected to produce the highest levels of stress in the neck region of the stem. The technical equivalence of the tested components with the implantable products shall be documented.8 Procedure8.1 Measurement of the distance (CT)Measure the distance (CT) between the centre of the head (C)
40、and the most distal point of the stem (T) in accordance with Figures A.3a, A.3b, A.4a, and A.4b.For all stems (i.e. monobloc and modular), a head with a neck length considered the “worst-case” scenario shall be used for the measurement of the length CT, measurements associated with defining the axis
41、 of the distal and proximal stem, orientation of the stem in the potting medium, and testing.8.2 Definition of the distal stem axisDefine the distal stem axis as the line (KL) joining the centres of cross sections at distances 0,1 CT and 0,4 CT from the most distal end of the stem (point T) when CT
42、is shorter than 200 mm and 0,1 CT and 0,8 CT when CT is longer than 200 mm, as shown in Table 1.NOTE Femoral stems 200 mm may be shortened to a minimum of 200 mm stem length for embedding after appropriate orientation (as given in Table 1 and Figure A.4: K 0,1 x CT; L 0,8 CT) by using a template.Tab
43、le 1 K and L distance from the stem tip depending on CT lengthCT length 200 mm 200 mmK 0,1 CT 0,1 CTL 0,4 CT 0,8 CT8.3 Definition of the proximal stem axisDefine the proximal stem axis as the neck or taper axis when this axis is obvious or the line joining the head centre (C) and the centre (M) of t
44、he cross sections located 10 mm above the resection line when no taper or neck axis is easily defined. For curved neck stems, the second definition should be preferred.8.4 Specimen positioningHold the head or neck of the test specimen by means of the gripping device (6.4) and position the specimen s
45、o that the distal axis is oriented at angle and the proximal axis is oriented at angle , where = 10 1 and = 9 1 for all stem lengths, as shown in Figures A.3a, A.3b, A.4a, and A.4b.Mount the holder and specimen in the gripping device so that the load line of the testing machine intersects point C of
46、 the specimen, as designated in ISO 7206-1. Clamp the holder firmly in position and ensure that the correct orientation of the specimen is maintained. Measure and record the angles and , as designated in Figures A.3a, A.3b, A.4a, and A.4b.The angles and should be measured between projection of KL ax
47、is in two vertical planes and the load line of the test machine. The angle should be measured before angle .It is essential that the neck of the prosthesis is not marked or damaged during this installation process because damage can affect the endurance properties. Damage to the head of the prosthes
48、is should also be avoided as this can increase the friction between the head and the loading system during testing. ISO 2013 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 7206-6:2013ISO 7206-6:2013(E)For a neck with anteversion or retroversion, the stem shall be rotated around KL axis with an angle corresponding to a
49、nteversion or retroversion angle with a tolerance of 1.8.5 Specimen embeddingEmbed the specimen in the embedding medium (5.1) in the holder (6.2) so that the embedding medium extends up to the resection level 2 mm (see Figure A.1).Areas of high stress (for example, impaction holes and extraction holes) should not be covered by the embedding medium.8.6 Embedding medium hardeningSupport the test specimen in position until the embedding medium has hardened sufficiently to sup
