1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015Information technology Radio frequency identificationfor item managementPart 4: Parameters for air interfacecommunications at 2,45 GHzBS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 180
2、00-4:2015. It supersedes BS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/34, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secret
3、ary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 89177 9 ICS 35.040 Compliance with a British Standard cannot co
4、nfer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dInformation technology Radio frequency identification for item manage
5、ment Part 4: Parameters for air interface communications at 2,45 GHzTechnologies de linformation Identification par radiofrquence (RFID) pour la gestion dobjets Partie 4: Paramtres de communications dune interface dair 2,45 GHzINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO/IEC 18000-4Reference number ISO/IEC 18000-4:201
6、5(E)Third edition 2015-02-01 ISO/IEC 2015BS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015ii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2015All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or
7、mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749
8、01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandISO/IEC 18000-4:2015(E)BS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015(E)Contents PageForeword vIntroduction vii1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 35 Gener
9、al items on 2,45 GHz RFID protocols that support this part of ISO/IEC 18000 . 55.1 Protocols . 55.2 Frequency 55.2.1 Interface definitions 55.3 Tag identification number . 65.4 Potential interference . 66 MODE 1: Passive backscatter RFID system 66.1 MODE 1: General . 66.2 Physical layer and data cod
10、ing 76.2.1 Interrogator power-up waveform . 76.2.2 Interrogator power-down 86.2.3 Frequency hopping carrier rise and fall times . 96.2.4 Forward link 96.2.5 FM0 return link 116.2.6 Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) 126.2.7 Protocol concept .136.2.8 Command format 146.2.9 Response format .156.2.10 WAIT 1
11、56.2.11 Communication sequences at packet level .166.3 Protocol and collision arbitration 176.3.1 Definition of data elements, bit and byte ordering .176.3.2 Tag memory organisation . 186.3.3 Block security status186.3.4 Overall protocol description . 196.3.5 Collision arbitration .236.3.6 Commands
12、246.3.7 Transmission errors .437 MODE 2: Long range high data rate RFID system .437.1 MODE 2: General 437.2 Modulation and coding . 437.2.1 Forward link (only for R/W-tag) . 437.2.2 Return link for notification (for both types of the tag) 447.2.3 Return link for communication (only for R/W-tag) .447
13、.3 General system description. 457.4 Frame structure . 467.4.1 Hierarchical structure 467.4.2 Logical channels 477.4.3 Physical channels .537.5 Channel coding and sequences 687.5.1 Synchronisation and CRC patterns 687.6 Command set for the command slot channel: CS-CH (only for R/W-tag) .687.6.1 Comm
14、and types .687.6.2 Command set .697.6.3 Command codes 70 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved iiiBS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015(E)8 MODE 3: Active RFID ITF network .728.1 General 728.2 Operational Requirements. 728.3 Network Physical Layer Description . 738.4 Network Description. 738.4.1 Ge
15、neral. 738.4.2 Network Topology .738.5 Star Topology . 768.5.1 General. 768.5.2 Star Topology Data Flow 768.6 Trunk Topology . 768.6.1 Trunk Coordinator Requirements . 768.6.2 Data Flow in a Trunk Topology 778.7 Peer-to-Peer Topology . 778.8 Mesh Topology . 788.8.1 Establishing a Mesh Network 788.9
16、Message Types 818.9.1 Network Discovery Beacon (NDB) 838.9.2 Network Status Message (NSM) 878.9.3 Acknowledgement Message 918.9.4 Command Message .948.9.5 Data Message .958.9.6 Mesh Request .968.9.7 Mesh Data . 978.10 Network Discovery . 978.10.1 Methods of Network Discovery 988.10.2 Transmitting Ne
17、twork Discovery Beacons .988.10.3 Connectionless Network 998.10.4 Associated Network Connection (ANC) .1008.11 Link Encryption Methods 1029 Table of characteristic differences between the modes specified in this part of ISO/IEC 18000 103Annex A (informative) Mode 1: Memory Map 104Annex B (informativ
18、e) Mode 1: CRC 110Annex C (normative) Mode 2: Memory Map 113Annex D (informative) Mode 2: CRC . 115Bibliography . 117iv ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotec
19、hnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical a
20、ctivity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical co
21、mmittee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in a
22、ccordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent ri
23、ghts. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not const
24、itute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe com
25、mittee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008), of which it constitutes a minor revision with the following changes: 5.1 has b
26、ecome Clause 5; 5.2 has become Clause 6; 5.3 has been Clause 7; Clause 8 has been introduced; Clause 6 has become Clause 9; Clause 1, Clause 2, Clause 3, Clause 4, Clause 5, and Clause 9 have been revised as necessary to also cover Clause 8.ISO/IEC 18000 consists of the following parts, under the ge
27、neral title Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management: Part 1: Reference architecture and definition of parameters to be standardized Part 2: Parameters for air interface communications below 135 kHz Part 3: Parameters for air interface communications at 13,56 MHz Par
28、t 4: Parameters for air interface communications at 2,45 GHz Part 6: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz General Part 61: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz Type A ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015ISO/IEC 18000-4:20
29、15(E) Part 62: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz Type B Part 63: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz Type C Part 64: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz Type D Part 7: Parameters for active air interface comm
30、unications at 433 MHzvi ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015(E)IntroductionThis part of ISO/IEC 18000 is one of a series of International Standards and Technical Reports developed by ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31, WG 4 for the identification of items (item management) us
31、ing radio frequency identification (RFID) technology.This part of ISO/IEC 18000 defines three 2,45 GHz protocols. Each of the specific physical/data link configurations is defined in a separate sub-clause. The configuration descriptions include a physical layer and a data link layer.The Internationa
32、l Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) draw attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with this document can involve the use of patents concerning radio-frequency identification technology given in all parts of the document.ISO and
33、 IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity, and scope of these patent rights.The holders of these patent rights have assured the ISO and IEC that they are willing to negotiate licences under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In
34、this respect, the statements of the holders of these patent rights are registered with ISO and IEC. Information can be obtained from the following companies.Contact detailsPatent Holder:Legal Name iControl IncContact for license application:Name Mode 2 is a tag talks first with battery-assisted pass
35、ive tag; Mode 3 is a globally available, ubiquitous network supporting, among others, the logistics and transportation industry; agnostic to any device, commercial or otherwise, requiring global availability. The detailed technical differences between the modes are shown in the parameter tables.2 No
36、rmative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments
37、) applies.ISO/IEC 7816-6:1), Identification cards Integrated circuit cards Part 6: Interindustry data elements for interchangeISO/IEC 15963, Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management Unique identification for RF tagsISO/IEC/TR 18047-4, Information technology Radio fre
38、quency identification device conformance test methods Part 4: Test methods for air interface communications at 2,45 GHzISO/IEC 19762 (all parts):1), Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary1) To be publishedINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IE
39、C 18000-4:2015(E) ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015(E)ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-15-4:2010, Information technology Telecommunications and information exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks Specific requirements Part 15-4: Wireless medium acce
40、ss control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications for low-rate wireless personal area networks (WPANs)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 19762 (all parts):2)and the following apply.3.1associatedhas successfully negotiated a di-
41、directional wireless link with a coordinatorNote 1 to entry: Associated networks require communication be maintained and monitored for a period of time.3.2associationservice used to establish membership for a device communicating within the wireless network described in this International Standard3.
42、3block ciphercryptographic function that operates on strings of fixed size3.4coordinatorfull-function device (FFD) capable of relaying messagesNote 1 to entry: If a coordinator is the principal controller of a personal area network (PAN), it is called the PAN coordinator.3.5data serverdevice data te
43、rmination point3.6deviceany entity that meets the ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-15-4 medium access control (MAC), physical interface to the wireless medium, and this protocol specification.Note 1 to entry: A device can be a reduced-function device (RFD) or a full function device (FFD).3.7encryptiontransformatio
44、n of a message into a new representation so that privileged information is required to recover the original representation3.8full-function device FFDdevice capable of operating as a coordinator3.9group keykey that is known only to a set of devices2) To be published.2 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved
45、BS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015(E)3.10hailing channelISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-15-4 radio channel used to broadcast the NDB3.11keyprivileged information that can be used, for example, to protect information from disclosure to, and/or undetectable modification by, parties that do not have access
46、to this privileged information3.12link keysecret key that is shared between precisely two devices3.13mesh networkingtype of network where an FFD serves as a relay for other devices3.14message integrity code MICdata whereby an entity receiving a message corroborates evidence about the true source of
47、the information in the message and, thereby, evidence that the message has not been modified in transit3.15network channelprimary ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-15-4 radio channel between a coordinator and remote devices3.16packetformatted, aggregated bits that are transmitted together in time across the physica
48、l medium3.17payload datacontents of a data message that is being transmitted3.18reduced-function device RFDdevice that is not capable of operating as a coordinator3.19server connected coordinator SCCnetwork coordinator that terminates the wireless protocol described in this International Standard an
49、d is connected to control servers3.20tagany device type associated with the device and capable of joining the network4 Symbols and abbreviated termsACK acknowledgementCCITT Comit Consultatif International Tlphonique et TlgraphiqueCht Carrier high level toleranceClt Carrier low level tolerance ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015ISO/IEC 18000-4:2015(E)CRC cyclical redundancy checkCSMA carrier sense multiple accessfbitratebase frequency of the bit rate of Manchester code
