1、National Standard of Canada /;$ Y CAN/CSA-IS0 9241 -2-00 CSA I NT E RN AT10 NA1 - Y (I SO 9241 -2: 1 992) International Standard IS0 9241-2:1992 (first edition, 1992-06-01) has been adopted without modification as CSA Standard CAN/CSA-IS0 9241-2-00, which has been approved as a National Standard of
2、Canada by the Standards Council of Canada. ISBN 1-55324-272-6 December 2000 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 2: Gu id a nce on task requirements Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec terminaux crans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 2: Gui
3、de general concernant les exigences des tches Reference number IS0 241-2:1992(E) The Canadian Standards Association, which operates under the name CSA International (CSA), under whose auspices this National Standard has been produced, was chartered in 191 9 and accredited by the Standards Council of
4、 Canada to the National Standards system in 1973. It is a not-for-profit, nonstatutory, voluntary membership association engaged in standards development and certification activities. and users - including manufacturers, consumers, retailers, unions and professional organizations, and governmental a
5、gencies. The standards are used widely by industry and commerce and often adopted by municipal, provincial, and federal governments in their regulations, particularly in the fields of health, safety, building and construction, and the environment. indicate their support for CSAs standards developmen
6、t by volunteering their time and skills to CSA Committee work and supporting the Associations objectives through sustaining memberships. The more than 7000 committee volunteers and the 2000 sustaining memberships together form CSAs total membership from which its Directors are chosen. Sustaining mem
7、berships represent a major source of income for CSAs standards development activities. in support of and as an extension to its standards development activities. To ensure the integrity of its certification process, the Association regularly and continually audits and inspects products that bear the
8、 CSA Mark. Toronto, CSA has regional branch offices in major centres across Canada and inspection and testing agencies in eight countries. Since 191 9, the Association has developed the necessary expertise to meet its corporate mission: CSA is an independent service organization whose mission is to
9、provide an open and effective forum for activities facilitating the exchange of goods and services through the use of standards, certification and related services to meet national and international needs. For further information on CSA services, write to CSA International 178 Rexdale Boulevard Toro
10、nto, Ontario, M9W 1 R3 Canada CSA standards reflect a national consensus of producers Individuals, companies, and associations across Canada The Association offers certification and testing services In addition to its head office and laboratory complex in The Standards Council of Canada is the coord
11、inating body of the National Standards system, a federation of independent, autonomous organizations working towards the further development and improvement of voluntary standardization in the national interest. The principal objects of the Council are to foster and promote voluntary standardization
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13、l of Canada and one which reflects a reasonable agreement among the views of a number of capable individuals whose collective interests provide to the greatest practicable extent a balance of representation of producers, users, consumers, and others with relevant interests, as may be appropriate to
14、the subject in hand. It normally is a standard which is capable of making a significant and timely contribution to the national interest. Approval of a standard as a National Standard of Canada indicates that a standard conforms to the criteria and procedures established by the Standards Council of
15、Canada. Approval does not refer to the technical content of the standard; this remains the continuing responsibility of the accredited standards-development organization. Those who have a need to apply standards are encouraged to use National Standards of Canada whenever practicable. These standards
16、 are subject to periodic review; therefore, users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition from the organization preparing the standard. The responsibility for approving National Standards of Canada rests with the Standards Council of Canada 270 Albert Street, Suite 200 Ottawa, Ontario, K1 P 6N7 C
17、anada A National Standard of Canada is a standard which CSA INTERN AT I O NA1 / -, Les normes nationales du Canada sont publies en versions franaise et anglaise. Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibil
18、ity of the users to judge its suitability for their particular purpose. Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 2: Guidance on task requirements CAN/CSA-IS0 924 1-2-00 CAN/CSA-IS0 9241 -2-00 Ergonomic requirements for omce work with visual dispZay teuminals
19、 (VDTs) - Part 2: Gidance on task requirements CSA Preface This is the first edition of CSA Standard CAN/CSA-IS0 9241 -2, Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 2: Guidance on task requirements, which is an adoption without modification of the identically
20、titled IS0 (International Organization for Standardization) Standard 9241 -2:1992 (first edition, 1992-06-01). This IS0 Standard was developed by the IS0 Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 SC 4. It is part of the series of IS0 9241 Standards that address ergonomic requirements for office work with visua
21、l display terminals. In conjunction with the adoption of this Standard, CSA is issuing a new edition of CSA Standard 241 2, Guideline on Office Ergonomics. Basic principles and information from the IS0 Standards have been used in the development of this CSA guideline. This Standard was reviewed for
22、Canadian adoption by the CSA Technical Committee on Office Ergonomics under the jurisdiction of the Strategic Steering Committee on Occupational Health and Safety, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee. A list of the members of the Technical Committee is available upon request. T
23、his Standard has been approved as a National Standard of Canada by the Standards Council of Canada. December 2000 O CSA International - 2000 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher. IS0 material is reprin
24、ted with permission. Inquiries regarding this National Standard of Canada should be addressed to CSA International, 178 Rexdale Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M9W 1 R3. December 2000 CSA/I I N TE R NAT1 O NA L STANDARD IS0 9241 -2 First edition 1992-06-0 1 Ergonomic requirements for office wor
25、k with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 2: Guidance on task requirements Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec terminaux crans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 2: Guide gnral concernant les exigences des tches Reference number IS0 94 1-2: 1992( E) IS0 9241-21992(E) Foreword IS0 (th
26、e International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committ
27、ee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotec
28、hnical standardization. Draff International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Inter- national Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard IS0 9241-2 was prepared b
29、y Technical Committee ISOiTC 159, Ergonomics, Sub-committee SC 4, Signals and controls. IS0 9241 consists of the following parts. under the general title Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display termirials (VDTs): - Part 1: General introduction - Part 2: Guidance on task requiremen
30、ts - Part 3: Visual display requirements - Part 4: Keyboard requirements - Part 5: Workstation layout and postural requirements - Part 6: Environmental requirements - Part 7: Display requirements with reflections - Part 8: Requirements for displayed colours - Part 9: Requirements for non-keyboard in
31、put devices - Part 10: Dialogue principles 0 1.30 1992 All rigits reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by aiy means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm. without permission in writing from the publisher Internaional Organizatio
32、n for Standardization Case Pos:ale 56 CH-I211 Genve 20 Switzerland ii IS0 9241-2:1992(E) - Part 11: Usability statements - Part 12: Presentation of information - Part 13: User guidance - Part 14: Menu dialogues - Part 15: Command dialogues - Part 16: Direct manipulation dialogues - Part 17: Form fil
33、ling dialogues iii IS0 9241-21992(E) I nt roduct ion The introduction of a VDT-based information processing system can have effects on the structure, function and physical environment of an organization. Patterns of interaction can change, individual, organiz- ational and technical interdependencies
34、 can change, and the contents of jobs can change. These changes should affect the performance, health and well-being of the individuals involved in a positive way. The application of ergonomic principles to a VDT-based information processing system is essentially the integration of task design with
35、the design of the hardware and software and the work environment. iv INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 9241 -21 992(E) Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 2: Guidance on task requirements 1 scope This part of IS0 9241 provides guidelines to users of VDT- based
36、 i n form at ion processing systems with reference to office tasks. This guidance is relevant to both the organization implementing the system and the people using the equipment. The guidance should be applied in accordance with local, regional or national agreements and regutations. The objective o
37、f this part of IS0 9241 is to enhance the efficiency and well-being of the individual user by applying ergonomics knowledge in the light of practical experience, to the design of tasks. The ergonomics principles concerned are set out in is0 6385. The characteristics of the visual display, and the co
38、ntrol, workplace and environmental requirements are specified in other parts of IS0 9241. This part of IS0 9241 does not address software and dialogue design. 2 Normative reference The following standard contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of
39、 IS0 9241. At the time of publication, the edition in.dicated was valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of IS0 9241 are encouraged to investi- gate the possibility of applying the most recent edi- tion of the standard indicated below. Members of I
40、EC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IS0 6385:1981, Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of IS0 9241, the defi- nitions given in IS0 6385 apply. 4 Taskdesign 4.1 Aims In applying ergonomics principles to
41、the design of tasks for users of VDT-based information processing systems, the objective is to provide for optimal working conditions with regard to human well-being, safety, and health, taking into account technological and economic efficiency. Appropriately designed tasks should: - facilitate task
42、 performance; - safeguard the users health and safety; - promote their well-being; - provide opportunities to develop their skills and capabilities with respect to the tasks concerned. In particular the following should be avoided as far as possible: - overload or underload, which can lead to un- ne
43、cessary or excessive strain or fatigue, or to errors; 1 IS0 9241-2:1992(E) undue repetitiveness, which can lead to sen- sations of monotony, satiation and boredom, and to dissatisfaction; undue time pressure; working alone without opportunities for social contact. 4.2 Characteristics of well-designe
44、d tasks At the same time as contributing to the main pur- pose of the VDT-based information processing sys- tem, an appropriate and efficient design for office tasks should: recognise the experience and capabilities of the user populations; provide for the application of an appropriate variety of sk
45、ills, capabilities and activities; ensure that the tasks performed are identifiable as whole units of work rather than fragments; ensure that the tasks performed make a signifi- cant contribution to the total function of the sys- tem which can be understood by the user; provide an appropriate degree
46、 of autonomy to the user in deciding priority, pace and procedure; provide sufficient feedback on task performance in terms meaningful to the user; provide opportunities for the development of existing skills and the acquisition of new skills with respect to the tasks concerned. 4.3 Specifying desig
47、n requirements In order to achieve the objectives and character- istics of a well-designed task which are set out in 4.1 and 4.2, it is necessary to consider the specific pur- poses of the system and characteristics of the users. In this way it will be possible to take account of the interdependenci
48、es which arise in particular organizational settings. There is no single best way of designing tasks to take account of user requirements, efficiency, health and well-being. The organization which is im- plementing the system should engage in whatever activities are appropriate to the identification
49、 of task characteristics which will meet the criteria. The characteristics listed in 4.2 should be used to evaluate and compare alternative task designs. In formulating new versions of a task, positive attri- butes of the task should be sustained or enhanced when compared with existing tasks. An important pari of the process of establishing the task requirements will be to obtain reliable and valid data directly from users. There are many ways in which this can be done, for example: a) by observational studies; b) by psychometric assessment on standardized scales;
