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20、nais ds quelle sera produite par lorganisme rdacteur.TMA trade-mark of the Canadian Standards Association, operating as “CSA Group”National Standard of CanadaPublished in January 2013 by CSA GroupA not-for-profit private sector organization5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L
21、4W 5N61-800-463-6727 416-747-4044Visit our Online Store at shop.csa.caApproved byStandards Council of CanadaCAN/CSA-ISO/IEC TR 15026-1:13Systems and software engineering Systems and software assurance Part 1: Concepts and vocabularyPrepared by InternationalOrganizationforStandardization/ Internation
22、al Electrotechnical CommissionReviewed byCAN/CSA-ISO/IEC TR 15026-1:13Systems and software engineering Systems andsoftware assurance Part 1: Concepts and vocabularyCSA/4 2013 CSA Group January 2013CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC TR 15026-1:13Systems and software engineering Systems and software assurance Part 1: Co
23、ncepts and vocabularyCSA PrefaceStandards development within the Information Technology sector is harmonized with international standards development. Through the CSA Technical Committee on Information Technology (TCIT), Canadians serve as the Canadian Advisory Committee (CAC) on ISO/IEC Joint Techn
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25、l Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (ITU-T).At the time of publication, ISO/IEC TR 15026-1:2010 is available from ISO and IEC in English only. CSA Group will publish the French version when it becomes available from ISO and IEC.This International Standard was reviewed by the TCIT under
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31、ause, table, and/or figure number;(c) wording of the proposed change; and(d) rationale for the change.Reference numberISO/IEC TR 15026-1:2010(E)ISO/IEC 2010TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/IECTR15026-1First edition2010-08-15Systems and software engineering Systems and software assurance Part 1: Concepts and voc
32、abulary Ingnierie des systmes et du logiciel Assurance des systmes et du logiciel Partie 1: Concepts et vocabulaire ISO/IEC TR 15026-1:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be
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37、-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org ii ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reservedCAN/CSA-ISO/IEC TR 15026-1:13ISO/IEC TR 15026-1:2010(E) ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword .v Introductionvi 1 Scope 1 2 Terms and definitions .1 3 Document purpose and audience4 4 Organization of repor
38、t.4 5 Basic concepts 4 5.1 Introduction4 5.2 Stakeholders 4 5.3 System and Product6 5.4 Uncertainty.6 5.5 Assurance 6 6 How to use multiple parts of ISO/IEC 15026 .7 6.1 Introduction7 6.2 Initial usage concerns.7 6.3 Internal structure of parts.8 6.4 Relationships among parts of ISO/IEC 15026.9 6.5
39、Authorities9 6.6 Mitigation of ambiguity .9 7 Assurance Case.10 7.1 Introduction10 7.2 Claims .13 7.3 Arguments23 7.4 Evidence .34 7.5 Management and life cycle of assurance case.39 7.6 Decision making using the assurance case .40 8 ISO/IEC 15026 and integrity levels.42 8.1 Introduction42 8.2 Defini
40、ng integrity levels 43 8.3 Establishing integrity levels .44 8.4 Planning and performing 45 8.5 Conditions and their initiating or transitioning events .46 8.6 Issues46 8.7 Outcomes .48 8.8 Summary 48 9 ISO/IEC 15026 and life cycle processes: 15288/12207 49 9.1 Introduction49 9.2 Technical processes
41、 .50 9.3 Transition, Operation, Maintenance and Disposal.55 9.4 Organization processes56 10 Summary 57 Annex A (informative) Frequently asked questions 58 Annex B (informative) Difficulties with terms and concepts 59 Annex C (informative) ISO/IEC 15026 relationships to standards .61 Annex D (informa
42、tive) Phenomena64 CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC TR 15026-1:13ISO/IEC TR 15026-1:2010(E) iv ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reservedAnnex E (informative) Security . 68 Annex F (informative) Selected Related Standards 79 Bibliography . 85 Tables Table 1 Examples of Stakeholders . 5 Table 2 Some time- and resource-related p
43、roperties . 21 Table 3 Example ways of showing something is true . 24 Table 4 Communities with different viewpoints and approaches to reasoning . 25 Table 5 Relationship aspects that are possible bases for or relevant to arguments 30 Table D-1 Some kinds and sources of phenomena 64 List of Figures F
44、igure 1 Fragment of Structure . 11 Figure 2 Claim . 16 Figure 3 Argument Context . 23 Figure 4 Simple State Model. 28 Figure 5 Simplified “cause and effect“ chains. 28 Figure 6 System and Environment 42 Figure 7 Two actors cause transitions 47 Figure 8 Life cycle process groups . 49 Figure C-1 Some
45、relationships among standards. 63 CAN/CSA-ISO/IEC TR 15026-1:13ISO/IEC TR 15026-1:2010(E) ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardizat
46、ion. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual
47、 interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance
48、 with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard
49、 requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, the joint technical committee may propose the publication of a Technical Report of one of the following types: type 1, when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Stand
