1、 CEA Standard Wireless Power Glossary of Terms CEA-2042.1-A June 2012 Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NOTICE Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) Standards, Bulletin
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8、cense agreement. Requests to reproduce text, data, charts, figures or other material should be made to CEA. (Formulated under the cognizance of the CEA R6.3 Wireless Power Subcommittee.) Published by CONSUMER ELECTRONICS ASSOCIATION 2012 Technology & Standards Department www.CE.org All rights reserv
9、ed Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-i FOREWORD This document was developed by the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) R6.3, Wireless Power Subcommittee. Copyright Co
10、nsumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ii This page is intentionally blank.Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction
11、 or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-iii CONTENTS 1 Scope. 1 2 Terms & Definitions . 1 Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-iv This page is intentionally b
12、lank. Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1 Wireless Power Glossary of Terms 1 Scope This document specifies terms and definitions for wireless power. 2 Terms & Definition
13、s Term Definition Alignment Aid A method of positioning a receiver relative to a transmitter that provides the user with feedback to properly align the active area of the receiver to the active area of the transmitter. Authentication The process of validating that a proper receiver has been placed w
14、ithin proximity before power is transmitted. Without a proper validation, power should not be transmitted. Battery Management System (BMS) A system of circuits (may be integrated with a battery into a “battery pack”) to monitor key operational parameters of a battery during charging and discharging,
15、 e.g. voltages, currents, internal temperature of the battery, ambient temperature. The monitoring circuits may provide inputs to protection devices which would generate alarms or disconnect the battery from the load or charger should any of the parameters become out of limits. Charging Region The a
16、rea from where power is made available to receivers. (e.g., a charging pad is one example of a charging region) Communication Protocol A formal description of digital message formats and the rules a receiver and a transmitter follow for exchanging those messages for wireless power transfer. This may
17、 include signaling, compliance verification and error detection/correction capabilities and may also be implemented in hardware, software or both. Conductive Wireless Power Systems These systems allow wire-free power delivery. A wireless power system that provides a conductive surface to which recei
18、vers are connected through direct electrical contacts. Coupling Coefficient (k) K = M / SQRT(L1 L2) Where M is the Mutual Inductance, and L1 and L2 are the inductance of first and second coil, respectively Device Detection The process by which a transmitter identifies that a receiver is within proxi
19、mity of the transmitter. Electromagnetic The properties of interdependent, time-varying electric and magnetic fields. Electromagnetic Induction (aka Magnetic Induction) The production of a current within, and transfer of, voltage across a conductor moving through a magnetic field or, alternatively,
20、a magnetic field moving through a conductor without wires or metal contacts. Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-2 Electrostatic Induction The redistribution of electrical
21、 charge through the use or presence of external charges. Uncharged matter becomes charged through the placement of a strong electrically charged object, attracting the opposite electrical charges within the uncharged matter and polarizing the uncharged matter. Far Field Distances greater than two wa
22、velengths from transmitter to receiver. Field Transition Zone In a power transition this is the range between one and two wavelengths from the transmitter to the receiver (range between Near Field and Far Field). Free Positioning The ability to place a receiver in any position relative to the transm
23、itter. Highly Resonant Wireless Power Transfer Wireless transfer of power through magnetic induction between a transmitter coil and receiver coil(s) where the coupling factor (k) can be less than 0.1, though values up to 1 may also be supported and where the system requires magnetic resonance. Induc
24、tive Power Transfer System (aka Inductive Charging System) A system that relies on magnetic induction for energy transfer. Such a system uses at least one primary coil and at least one secondary coil. A system may have several secondary coils, and they may provide alternating current voltages that a
25、re higher, lower, or the same as that applied to the primary coil. Magnetic induction power transfer systems are optimized to operate in the electromagnetic near-field. Intentional Use of RF In the context of wireless power, any transmitter that is designed for the primary purpose of charging by cou
26、pling RF power to a receiver. The coupled RF may or may not be modulated to carry information Load Change Sensing Recognition of a variation in load impedance. Microwave Microwave electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 300 MHz to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Abbreviated as MW. Near Field Distances
27、less than one wavelength from the transmitter to the receiver. No Load Power Power level consumed by the transmitter when no receiver is present. Operating Frequency The oscillation frequency of the power signal. Optical Power Transfer Energy transfer systems that use energy from the ultraviolet, vi
28、sible or infrared (IR) bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. The source of the energy can be from a light source or transmitter or from the ambient environment. The energy is collected or harvested by a receiver. Power Factor The power factor of an AC electric power system is defined as the ratio o
29、f the real power flowing to the load to the apparent power in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number between 0 and 1 (frequently expressed as a percentage, e.g. 0.5 pf=50% pf). Real power is the capacity of the circuit for performing work in a particular time. Apparent power is the product of th
30、e current and voltage of the circuit. Transmitter Output Power Level The amount of power, typically measured in watts that is transmitted from the transmitter in a wireless power system. Power Range The lowest to highest power level that a transmitter and receiver support. Copyright Consumer Electro
31、nics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-3 Power Regulation Method for controlling the output voltage or current from the receiver to appropriate value. This may be performed by the transmitter, receive
32、r, or a combination of both. Power Transfer Loss Power loss due to imperfect transfer of the energy from the transmitter to the receiver, such as between two coils. Primary Coil A component of a transmitter that converts electric current to magnetic flux. Radio Frequency Energy Electromagnetic energ
33、y at any frequency in the radio spectrum between 3 kHz and 300 GHz. (See Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 47, Section 15.3(u) (47 CFR 15.3 (u) Radio Frequency/Microwave Power Transfer Energy transfer systems that use energy in the radio frequency (RF) and/or microwave (MW) bands of
34、the electromagnetic spectrum. The source of the energy can be from intentional RF use or from the ambient environment. If intentional RF use is employed, it can direct the energy in a variety of patterns (beam, isotropic, etc.). The energy is collected or harvested by an RF/MW antenna receiver. The
35、systems are optimized to enable energy transfer in the electromagnetic waves far-field region. Reactive Near Field Transfer of power over a distance less than /2 or 0.16 wavelength from transmitter to receiver. In this range, the electromagnetic field generated by the transmitter can be greatly affe
36、cted by any absorption or phase modulation of any present material or circuit. Receiver A device designed for the primary purpose of accepting a signal or energy from a transmitter. Receiver Coil The component of a receiver that converts magnetic flux to electromotive force. Rectification The proces
37、s of converting the RF output of the receiver coil to a direct current (DC) output. Recognition / Identification The application of a signal to detect and identify a receiver. Resonance The condition of a body or system when it is subjected to a periodic disturbance of the same frequency as the natu
38、ral frequency of the body or system. At this frequency, the system displays an enhanced oscillation or vibration. Secondary Coil The component of a receiver that converts magnetic flux to electromotive force. Short Range Near Field Transmission of power through magnetic induction between a transmitt
39、er coil and receiver coil where the distance between the coils is less than the sum of the radii of the transmitter and receiver coils. Tightly-Coupled An inductive wireless power transfer system with a strong magnetic linkage between the primary and secondary coil. The coupling coefficient (k), a m
40、easure of the magnetic linkage, is typically greater than 0.5 and can exceed 0.99 in a classical system. Transfer Efficiency Useful power received by the load divided by the total electrical power into the wireless power supply. Transmitter In the context of wireless power transfer, an electronic de
41、vice designed for the primary purpose of inducing power. Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-4 Transmitter Coil A component of a transmitter that converts electric current
42、 to magnetic flux. Unintentional Radiator A device that intentionally generates radio frequency energy for use within the device, or that sends radio frequency signals by conduction to associated equipment via connecting wiring, but which is not intended to emit RF energy by radiation or induction.
43、Validation The process by which a receiver verifies that it is designed to receive power per CEA-2042.4 or CEA-2042.5. Note: As of the publication of this document in June, 2012, neither CEA-2042.4 nor CEA-2042.5 had been completed. Wireless Charging The processes and methods that takes place in any
44、 system where power is provided to a battery management system without interconnecting wires. Wireless Power The processes and methods that takes place in any system where electrical energy is transmitted from a power source to an electrical load without interconnecting wires. “Z” Distance The dista
45、nce between the transmitter and receiver coils in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the coils. Copyright Consumer Electronics Association Provided by IHS under license with CEA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CEA Document Improvement Propo
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