1、Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Reference photographs and sizing of indicationsPD CEN/TS 17100:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 17100 September 2017 ICS 19
2、.100 English Version Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Reference photographs and sizing of indications Essais non destructifs - Contrle par ressuage et par magntoscopie - Photographies de rfrence et dimensionnement des indications Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Eindringprfung - Referenzfotos u
3、nd Dimensionierung von Anzeigen This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 2 July 2017 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly
4、 on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting nati
5、onal standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Rep
6、ublic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN
7、 DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 17100:2017 ENational forewordThis Published Document is the
8、UK implementation of CEN/TS 17100:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/46, Non-destructive testing.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the n
9、ecessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 96793 1ICS 19.100Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This Published Document
10、 was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedPUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN/TS 17100:2017TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 17100 September
11、2017 ICS 19.100 English Version Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Reference photographs and sizing of indications Essais non destructifs - Contrle par ressuage et par magntoscopie - Photographies de rfrence et dimensionnement des indications Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Eindringprfung - Refe
12、renzfotos und Dimensionierung von Anzeigen This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 2 July 2017 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, p
13、articularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep confl
14、icting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Y
15、ugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION CO
16、MIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 17100:2017 EPD CEN/TS 17100:2017CEN/TS 17100:2017
17、 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions . 4 4 Safety precautions. 4 5 General principles . 4 5.1 Purpose of a reference photograph . 4 5.2 Lighting equipment 5 5.2.1 General requirement 5 5.2.2 White light sources 5 5.2.3 UV-A and actinic
18、 blue radiation sources . 5 5.2.4 Layout of lighting devices . 6 5.3 Filtering 7 5.3.1 General 7 5.3.2 White light, colour contrast technique 7 5.3.3 UV-A light, fluorescent technique 7 5.3.4 Actinic blue filters . 7 5.4 Record resolution . 8 5.5 Relative position of the camera and the part . 9 5.6
19、Contrast ratio 11 5.6.1 Fluorescent process photographs 11 5.6.2 Colour contrast process photographs . 11 6 Camera settings . 11 7 Record: equipment and techniques . 11 7.1 Digital photographic records 11 7.2 Digital processing 12 8 Printouts 12 8.1 General 12 8.2 Colour contrast techniques, printou
20、ts of photographs under white light 13 8.3 Fluorescent techniques, printouts of photographs under UV-A radiation . 13 8.4 Resolution patterns 13 9 Screen displays 14 Bibliography . 15 PD CEN/TS 17100:2017CEN/TS 17100:2017 (E) 3 European foreword This document (CEN/TS 17100:2017) has been prepared by
21、 Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
22、 patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of M
23、acedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. PD CEN/TS 17100:2017CEN/TS 17100:2017 (E) 4 1 Scope This d
24、ocument specifies minimum requirements in order to obtain and reproduce photographs used as reference records relative to PT (penetrant testing) colour contrast and fluorescent indications. It also provides requirements for the monitoring of resolution when measurements are to be indirectly performe
25、d by recording. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (inc
26、luding any amendments) applies. CEN/TR 16638:2014, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant and magnetic particle testing using blue light EN ISO 3059, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing and magnetic particle testing - Viewing conditions (ISO 3059) EN ISO 12706, Non-destructive testing - Penetra
27、nt testing - Vocabulary (ISO 12706) ISO 12233, Photography Electronic still picture imaging Resolution and spatial frequency responses ISO 18911, Imaging materials Processed safety photographic films Storage practices 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitio
28、ns given in EN ISO 12706, ISO 12233, ISO 18911, CEN/TR 16638 and the following apply: 3.1 reference photograph approved record with sufficient sharpness and details showing all or part of PT indications used as a master document and the visual baseline 4 Safety precautions All relevant international
29、, regional, national and local regulations including health and safety recommendations and particularly photobiological rating for lighting sources shall be taken into account. 5 General principles 5.1 Purpose of a reference photograph A reference photograph is a representative record of an approved
30、 indication, obtained after a PT process. It can be used for indirect sizing of the indication. Precautions shall be taken for the monitoring of resolution. The indication record shall not modify the true indication, shape, sharpness and dimensions. The record shall reproduce the indication in a pro
31、per form. PD CEN/TS 17100:2017CEN/TS 17100:2017 (E) 5 The used medium shall be relevant to the record and sufficient enough to display with the required quality the record whatever the representation form: printed photograph, display on an active screen or projection via optical equipment. 5.2 Light
32、ing equipment 5.2.1 General requirement The sources used to light the scene shall provide an even lighting distribution. Glare and reflections shall be avoided. If a flash system is used, precautions shall be taken regarding possible vigneting and probable non-homogeneous light distribution. Accesso
33、ries like a diffusing shield or an indirect beam may be used. The uniformity lighting factor is defined as the ratio between the minimum irradiance and the maximum irradiance Emin/Emax. Eminand Emaxare the average values of at least four of the lowest measurements and four of the highest measurement
34、s, performed at regular intervals in the diagonal of greater dimension perpendicular to the beam axis. For large scenes, this should not be limited to only eight measurements; the maximum spacing between two measurements is set at 3,5 cm. 5.2.2 White light sources For artificial white light, the ren
35、dering colour index shall be above 0,7. Homogeneity of the light distribution shall be better than 0,7. Colour temperature shall meet the recommendations of the NDT materials supplier, according to EN ISO 3059. NOTE Usually intermediate or cold white is used for colour contrast PT. Colour appearance
36、 against Correlated colour temperature (Cct): warm below 3300 K; neutral 3300 to 5300 K; cold above 5300 K. When a white background is present: Red dye indications have to be lit with a neutral or a cold light; Blue dye indications have to be lit with a neutral or a warm light. 5.2.3 UV-A and actini
37、c blue radiation sources Homogeneity of the light distribution shall be better than 0,7. This shall also apply to other exciting lights when relevant (actinic blue as an example). PD CEN/TS 17100:2017CEN/TS 17100:2017 (E) 6 5.2.4 Layout of lighting devices a) Example of an accurate layout of lightin
38、g devices b) Examples of a bad layout of lighting devices Key 1 part 2 beams 3 camera 4 light source Figure 1 Layout examples of lighting devices The angle between two beams shall be equal to or greater than 90. The maximum possible irradiance should be used to reduce the exposure time. The usual pr
39、ocedure is to use two radiation sources placed at equal distances on each side of the indication PD CEN/TS 17100:2017CEN/TS 17100:2017 (E) 7 and to place the camera in the middle. This procedure provides equal irradiance on the area of interest. The radiation sources should be positioned so that no
40、direct beams or reflections from them enter the camera. 5.3 Filtering 5.3.1 General The use of filters helps to bring the records close to the human eyesight by: enhancing the existing contrast; deleting unwanted background. 5.3.2 White light, colour contrast technique Colour filters can enhance ind
41、ications. They shall be chosen according to the colour of the indication and the white light characteristics. No cut-off filter is allowed: all the visible wavelength range shall be transmitted. Polarized filters may be used to delete glare and reflections. Conversion filters can modify the colour a
42、ppearance of the source in order to meet the recommendation of NDT material supplier. Conversion filters depend on the lamp source. When converting daylight to tungsten (5300 to 2900 K), different filters will be used if starting from daylight or an artificial white light source. 5.3.3 UV-A light, f
43、luorescent technique UV-A filters shall be used especially if the camera lenses are UV-A transparent as this radiation may generate artificial parasitic background. Note: Bluish, pink or violet background are signs that UV-A blocking is deficient. Some cameras may generate a green parasite backgroun
44、d that is less easy to identify as an artificial parasitic background. Coloured filters are allowed; if so, the filter shall not fluoresce under UV-A radiation in order not to induce an artificial background. Care shall be taken when choosing the filter transmission in order not to absorb and dim fl
45、uorescent indications. The following transmissions (T) generally provide acceptable results: below 420 nm, T is less than 10 %, below 450 nm, T is less than 20 %; peak transmission is between 500 and 550 nm (similar to the mesopic human vision peak relative response); above 600 nm: T is less than 40
46、 %. 5.3.4 Actinic blue filters The filters described in CEN/TR 16638:2014, 6.4 are recommended. PD CEN/TS 17100:2017CEN/TS 17100:2017 (E) 8 5.4 Record resolution Record resolution depends on several parameters such as: camera resolution; quality of the lenses; focus conditions. Therefore, resolution
47、 targets are useful for monitoring the overall resolution. They are considered as a Picture Quality Indicator. If the reference photograph is used for sizing indication, then the resolution of the sensitive area in shall be large enough to match the final uncertainty. They shall be chosen according
48、to the type of indications (fluorescent/colour contrast): positive targets are better for colour contrast photographs; negative targets are better for fluorescent photographs (background shall not fluoresce). If available, the use of a similar colour for the target and the indication is preferable.
49、Colour targets (colour checkers) grey scales or contrast resolution targets are also available for colour balance and contrast calibration if needed (such as the ISO 12233 resolution test chart). Figure 2 Appropriate photograph showing a resolution target PD CEN/TS 17100:2017CEN/TS 17100:2017 (E) 9 Figure 3 Resolution target proposed to be manufactured in red and white for colour contrast technique, red dye PT 5.5 Relative position of the camera and the part In order to avoid geometrical distortion, camera shall be
