1、2326414 00b227 2 1 Page E 1 Recornmendation T/R 01-03 (Brussels 1980) MONITORING OF SATELLITE TRANSMISSIONS Recommendation proposed by the “Radiocommunications” Working Group T/WG 3 (R) Text of the Recommendation adopted by the “Telecommimications” Commission: “The European Conference of Postal and
2、Telecommunications Administrations, considering (a) that from the point of view of emissions monitoring, there is a difference between operational monitoring of a particular satellite system and the more general monitoring of the use of the frequency spectrum and of cases of interference between dif
3、ferent systems or services, (b) that various interference paths may be seen depending on the configuration of the space or terrestrial communica- tion systems in existence, (c) that all cases in which at least one space or earth station causes interference or is affected by interference fall within
4、the scope of a satellite transmission monitoring system, (d) that the provision recommended in letter (a) of Recommendation T/R 01-02 (Interlaken 1968, revised in The Hague 1971) does not exclude the possibility of sharing the work/task of monitoring between the various Administrations so as to achi
5、eve more effective control, O (e) having noted moreover that information on this matter is available in the documentation of the CCIR, recommends 1, that the main functions to be assigned to a satellite transmission monitoring system should be as follows: 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. to detect and identify the ca
6、uses of interference should stations in space radiocommunications be involved, to check the operating and technical characteristics of the emissions in cases mentioned in the above paragraph, to observe and record the conditions of occupancy of the frequency bands assigned, on whatever basis, to spa
7、ce radiocommunications services, 2. that a monitoring station required to participate in such a system should as far as possible be capable of taking the following measurements: 2.1. measurement of frequencies, 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. identification of polarisation, 2.6. 3. that in the first instance, m
8、easurements should be taken in the frequency bands indicated in Annex 1, since for economic reasons it will not initially be possible to conduct measurements throughout the entire frequency spectrum. For various reasons, Administrations will not be in a position to equip their measuring installation
9、s to cover all the frequency bands mentioned in Annex 1. The CEPT Administrations should therefore harmonise their plans to equip their monitoring stations, and the activities of these stations, in such a way that it will be possible to make all the necessary measurements in all the frequency bands
10、concerned, identification of the type of signal and measurement of the modulation characteristics, measurement of bandwidths and analysis of the spectral composition of the emissions, measurement of the power flux density, determination of the position of the source of the radiation measured, Editio
11、n of September 15, 1988 f/-L-7 T/R 01-03 E Page 2 4. that stations responsible for monitoring satellite transmissions should have access, in the most effective form, to all available information and date on spectrum occupancy in those bands allocated, on whatever basis, to space communications and i
12、n adjacent bands. To this end, stations monitoring terrestrial communications should make available to stations monitoring satellite communications, at their request, any information at their disposal in the above-mentioned fields. In addition, stations for which CEPT Administrations are responsible
13、 and which are operating in the context of such a system should exchange the information at their disposal concerning stations involved in space communications, 5. that measurements be carried out under the conditions specified in Annex 2.” _-_- Edition of September 15, 1988 - - E 2326434 O006229 b
14、I TIR QI -03 E Page 3 Annex 1 FREQUENCY BANDS (see No. 3. of Recommendation) 136 to 138 MHz 149.9 to 151 MHz 399.9 to 402 MHz 460 to 470 MHz 1,500 to 1,800 MHz 2,000 to 2,700 MHz 3,400 to 4,200 MHz 10.95 to 12.75 GHz To have receivers with the necessary sensitivity, the wider of the above mentioned
15、bands will probably have to be sub-divided. Edition of September 15, 1988 f- t I W 232b4L4 O006230 2 I TIR O1 -03 E Page 5 Annex 2 CONDITIONS TO BE COMPLIED WITH FOR MEASUREMENT (see No. 5 of Recommendation) 1. Measurement of frequencies Equipment intended for measuring the transmission frequencies
16、of space stations and earth stations must have an accuracy of at least lo4. The accuracy which can be achieved in practice depends largely on the existence of a characteristic frequency in the spectrum of an emission. As regards the measurement of the frequencies of satellites in near-Earth orbit, e
17、missions from which are consequently liable to be affected at the point of reception, by the Doppler effect, determination of the effective transmission frequency can only be achieved by recording and evaluating the Doppler curve. 2. Identification of the class of emission and measurement of the mod
18、ulation characteristics Each Administration will decide the extent of the equipment which it will install in its satellite transmission monitoring station for the purpose of identifying the class of emission and measuring the modulation characteris- tics. Given the diversity of these characteristics
19、, particularly in the case of highly complex transmission systems, no values for measurement accuracy are specified. 3. Measurement of bandwidths and analysis of the spectral composition of emissions The bandwidth of space station emissions is measured by application of the relevant CCIR Recommendat
20、ions. If the Doppler effect is present, the possible influences of this effect must be included in the value of the indicated bandwidth. It is advisable to indicate separately the portion of bandwidth which is a function of this Dopper effect. 4. Measurement of the power flux density It must be poss
21、ible to determine the power flux density with an accuracy of at least & 3 dB, although an accuracy of f 2 dB is desirable would be preferable. 5. Identification of polarisation: (a) Geostationary space stations and earth stations For the identification of polarisation, the receiving antenna of the s
22、atellite transmission monitoring station should make it possible to select the following types of polarisation: left handed, right handed and linear. in the case of linear polarisation, the plane of the osciliation vector should be adjustable. In this case, the constraints described under (a) are re
23、garded as a minimum. Moreover, it is desirable to have an installation making it possible to measure and indicate the polarisation characteristics on a continuous basis. (b) Satellite in near-Earth orbit 6. Determination of the position of the source of the radiation measured Determination of the po
24、sition of geostationary space stations and space stations in near-Earth orbit can only be achieved by recording the tracking angles relative to the antenna axes (azimuth, elevation) as a function of time. Determining position on the basis of these angles is a mathematical problem. 0 Previous page is
25、 blank Edition of September 15, 1988 I I 2326414 000b23L 4 I Frequency (GHz) 1.5 2.5 8 1.4 0.84“ TIR O1 -03 E Page 6 4 12 0.52“ 0.17“ The following table shows, for certain frequencies, the minimum accuracy of measurement of tracking angle to be achieved for each of the two antenna axes I Accuracy o
26、f measurement of tracking angles I f0.14“ I f0.08“ I f0.05“ I t0.02“ The values indicated in the above table are calculated on the basis of the following relationship : Accuracy of measurement of tracking angles: O. 1 x 9 in which 8 is the angular opening (at medium power) of an antenna with a 10m p
27、arabolic reflector with an efficiency of 50%. Considering that although the values for accuracy of measurement specified above do in fact make it possible to monitor the station-keeping accuracy of f 1“ required by the Radio Regulations, a reduction of this tolerance to & 0.1“ is planned, Administra
28、tions should endeavour if at all possible to improve the tracking angle measure- ment results. Edition of September 15, 1988 232bY34 OOOb232 b Recommandation T/R 01-03 (adopte en 1980) / Recommendation T/R 01-03 (adopted in 1980) Information de la suite donne 1 Information regarding implementation a
29、 = La Recommandation est applique. / The Recommendation has been implemented. b = Lapplication de la Recommandation est prvue. / Implementation of the Recommendation is planned. c = Lapplication de la Recommandation nest pas prvue. 1 Implementation of the Recommendation is not planned, - N“ No. 1 1
30、2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Pays Countries 2 Alletnagne (Rp. fd. d)/ Germany (Fed. Rep. of) Aiitriche 1 Aiistria Belgiqire Belgium Chypre 1 Cypriis Datietnark / Dentnark Espagne / Spain Finlande 1 Finland France Grce / Greece Irlande Ireland Islande Iceland Ita
31、lie Italy Liechtenstein Liixetnboiirg Malte Malta Monaco Norvge 1 Norway Pays-Bas 1 Netherlands Portiigal Royaiime- Uni 1 United Kingdoni Saint-Mariti 1 San Marino Sude 1 Sweden Siiisse / Switzerland Tiirqiiie Tiirkey Vatican (Cit) / (City) Yoiigoslavie 1 Yiigoslavia Infor- mation 3 a C b b C G b b
32、b b C b b b Remarques / Remarks Edition du 15 septembre 1988 / Edition of September 15, 1988 y- 4 Lapplication de la Recommandation est toujours ltude. / Implementation of this Recommendation is still under consideration. La France nest pas concerne. Aucune station de contrle en France. / France is
33、not involved, there is no monitoring station in France. A ltude. / Under consideration. La Principaut de Monaco nest pas concerne, Aucune station de contrle en Principaut de Monaco. / Monaco is not involved. No monitoring station in the Principality of Monaco. La Suisse na pas de station de contrle des transmissions par satellites. / Switzerland has no satellite transmission monitoring station. 7 i
