1、CEPT T/R*ZO-lSE M 2326434 000b443 20-05 Page E 1 Recommendation T/R 20-05 (Puerto de la Cruz 1974, revised in Malaga-Torremolinos 1975, Stockholm 1976 and 1977, Brussels 1980 and Montpellier 1984) LOW-POWER PERSONAL PAGING SYSTEMS Recommendation proposed by the “Radiocommunications” Working Group T/
2、WG 3 (R) Text of the revised Recommendation adopted by the “Telecommunications” Commission “The European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations, considering (a) that paging systems use several frequency bands including the ISM bands, (b) that some of these bands are also used by
3、 other radiocommunication services and that in consequence it is desirable to avoid harmful interference as far as possible, (c) that in some paging systems transmission is unilateral while in other systems there may be provision for using another channel for acknowledgment of receipt, (d) that pers
4、onal paging systems are in use in several countries and that it is desirable that the conditions of use and the technical characteristics of the equipment should be standardised as far as possible, (e) that it would be advantageous for Administrations and for users and manufacturers of personal pagi
5、ng systems if the exchange of type-approval test reports were to be initiated between those administrations wishing to do so, (0 that the objective should be the mutual recognition by CEPT members of test reports and type-approval certificates, rwommenris 1. that insofar as their national, regulatio
6、ns permit, CEPT members should aim to adopt arrangements for the approval of low power personal paging systems which are in accordance with the conditions set out in Annex I to this Recommendation, 2. that the technical specifications of such equipment and the methods of measurement used in type-app
7、roval testing should be those described in Annex II, 3. that test reports should contain sufficient detail to allow accurate identification of the equipment and of the tests carried out. For this purpose, applicants should provide, as a minimum requirement, the information specified in Annex III to
8、this Recommendation, this information to be supplied when test reports are exchanged, 4. that when drafting test reports, Administrations should as far as possible follow the order of the tests and the paragraph numbering used in Annex II to this Recommendation and adopt the nomenclature used in tha
9、t Annex.” Edition of September 15, 1988 CEPT T/R*:20-05E 2326434 0006444 T M TIR 20-05 E Annex I, Page 1 Annex I CONDITIONS FOR THE USE OF LOW POWER PERSONAL PAGING SYSTEMS 1. In principle, paging systems are unilateral transmission systems which use coded signals to indicate to a particular person
10、that they should contact another person or an office. For the purposes of these specifications, low power personal paging systems are: (a) intended for private users, with no connextion to the public telephone network, (b) generally intended for calling persons within the same private premises. 2. P
11、aging systems may include devices making it possible to transmit brief spoken messages to the person called. 3. An acknowledgment of receipt may be permissible, using a very low power transmitter, on condition that it is of very short duration. Except in cases where safety considerations are involve
12、d, a technical device must prevent the operation of this transmitter except to reply to a call. 4. The coding systems should be as sophisticated as possible in terms of operating safety and capacity. 5. Individual licences are required, and may be granted only if the equipment is in conformity with
13、approved types 6. The transmitter power and the type and height of the antenna must be selected so that the required objective is and if its use is justified (e.g. if an inductive installation cannot be used). achieved, while covering only the essential service zone. Edition of September 15, 1988 CE
14、PT T/R*20-05E 232b4I4 0006445 I 1 1.1. 1.2. 1.2.1. 1.2.2. 1.3. 1.3.1. 1.3.2. 1.3.3. 1.4. 1.5. 2. 2.1. TIR 20-05 E Annex 11, Page 1 Annex II TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND METHODS OF MEASUREMENT FOR TYPE APPROVAL TESTING OF LOW POWER PERSONAL PAGING SYSTEMS SCOPE OFTHE SPECIFICATIONS These technical sp
15、ecifications cover the performance considered necessary in order to make profitable use of the available frequencies. They do not necessarily include all the characteristics which may be required by a user, nor do they necessarily represent the maximum performance achievable. They apply to equipment
16、 with an external antenna connection as well as to equipment with an integral antenna. In these specifications, an integral antenna is defined as one which is designed to be connected permanently to the transmitter or receiver without the use of a connector and/or cable. General In the case of equip
17、ment which is designed to operate both with an integral antenna and with an external antenna and connector, the equipement shall be tested as equipment intended to operate with a removable external antenna and shall meet the appropriate limits. In addition transmitter carrier power, spurious emissio
18、ns from the transmitter and spurious emissions from the receiver shall be measured as for equipment with an integral antenna and the appropriate limits must be verified. Frequencies The carrier frequency of the personal paging transmitter may be selected within the following frequency bands : 25 MHz
19、- 41 MHz 440 MHz-470 MHz The carrier frequency of the transmitter for acknowledging receipt may be selected within the following frequency bands : 146 MHz-174 MHz 440 MHz-470 MHz Channel spacing For the call transmitter: 10 kHz, 12.5 kHz, 20 kHz and 25 kHz. For the response transmitter: 12.5 kHz and
20、 25 kHz. Synthesisers and phase locked loop s-vstems When the transmitter frequency is generated using a synthesiser and/or a phase locked loop system, transmission shall be inhibited when synchronisation is absent. Administrations wishing to verify the transient behaviour of transmitters should use
21、 the method specified in Appendix B. The use of multi-channel equipment is not permitted. Equipment may transmit only when sending personal paging messages, for example, preamble signals, selective calling, voice frequency or coded messages. Types of modulation Amplitude, frequency and phase modulat
22、ion are permitted. TEST CONDITIONS-POWER SUPPLIES AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURES Normal and extreme test conditions Type-approval tests shall be made under normal test conditions and also, where stated, under extreme conditions. The test conditions and procedures are described in Clauses 2.2. to 2.4.3. be
23、low. Edition of September 15, 1988 CEPT T/R*20-05E D 232b414 000b44b 3 TIR 20-05 E Annex II, Page 2 2.2. 2.3. 2.3.1. 2.3.2. 2.3.2.1. 2.3.2.2. 2.3.2.3. 2.4. 2.4.1. 2.4.2. 2.4.2.1. 2.4.2.2. Test power source During type approval tests, the power supply of the equipment shall be replaced by a test powe
24、r source capable of producing normal and extreme test voltages as specified in Clauses 2.3.2. and 2.4.2. The internal impedance of the test power source shall be low enough for its effect on the test results to be negligible. For test purposes, the supply voltage shall be measured at the input termi
25、nals of the equipment. If the equipment is provided with a permanently connected power cable, the test voltage shall be measured at the points where the power cable is connected to the equipment. In equipment with batteries incorporated, the test power source shall be connected as close to the batte
26、ry terminals as practicable. During the tests the power source voltage shall be maintained within a tolerance of f 3% relative to the voltage level at the beginning of each test. Normal test conditions Normal temperature and humidity The normal temperature and humidity conditions for tests shall be
27、any convenient combination of tem- perature and humidity within the following ranges: Temperature : +15“C to +35“C Relative humidity : N.B. When it is impracticable to carry out the tests under the conditions stated above, a note stating the actual temperature and relative humidity during the tests,
28、 shall be added to the test report. Normal test power supply Mains voltage and frequency The normal test voltage for equipment to be connected to the mains shall be the nominal mains voltage. For the purpose of these specifications, the nominal mains voltage shall be the declared voltage or any of t
29、he declared voltages for which the equipment is stated to have been designed. The frequency of the test power source corresponding to the AC mains shall be between 49 and 51 Hz. Regulated lead-acid battery power sources on vehicles When the equipment is designed to operate on the usual types of regu
30、lated lead-acid battery power source on vehicles, the normal test voltage shall be 1.1 times the nominal voltage of the battery (6 volts, 12 volts, etc.). Other power sources For operation from other power sources or types of battery (primary or secondary cells), the normal test voltage shall be tha
31、t declared by the manufacturer. 20% to 75% Extreme test conditions Extreme temperatures For tests at extreme temperatures, measurements shall be made in accordance with Clause 2.4.3. The upper and lower values shall be those of one or other of the following ranges: -25C to +55“C -10C to +55“C Test r
32、eports shall specifiy the range selected. Extreme test power supply values Mains voltage and frequency The extreme test voltages for equipment to be connected to the AC mains shall be the nominal mains voltage + 10%. The frequency of the test power source corresponding to the AC mains shall be betwe
33、en 49 and 51 Hz. Regulated lead-acid battery power sources on vehicles When the equipment is designed to operate on the usual types of regulated lead-acid battery power sources on vehicles, the extreme test voltages shall be i .3 and 0.9 times the nominal battery voltage (6 volts, 12 volts, etc.). E
34、dition of September 15, 1988 CEPT T/R*20-05E m 232b414 000b447 5 m TIR 20-05 E Annex 11, Page 3 2.4.2.3. Other power sources The lower extreme test voltage for equipment powered by primary batteries shall be as follows: 1. for the Leclanch type of battery: 2. for mercury batteries: 3. for lithium ba
35、tteries: 4. for other types of primary battery: For equipment using other sources, the extreme test voltages shall be those declared by the manufacturer and agreed by the testing authority. They shall be recorded with the test results. For equipment capable of operating with a variety of power sourc
36、es, the extreme test voltages must be determined for each of these sources and the upper and lower values obtained shall be taken as the extreme test voltages. These values should be specified in the test results. Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures Before measurements are made, the equipmen
37、t shall have reached thermal equilibrium in the test chamber. The equipment shall be switched off until thermal equilibrium is achieved. If the thermal equilibrium is not checked by measurements, a temperature stabilizing period of at least one hour, or such period as may be decided by the testing a
38、uthority, shall be allowed. The sequence of tests shall be chosen and the humidity content in the test chamber shall be controlled so that excessive condensation does not occur. Before commencing tests at the upper temperatures, the equipment shall be placed in the test chamber and left until therma
39、l equilibrium is achieved. The equipment shall then be switched on for one minute in the transmit condition, followed by four minutes in the receive condition, after which the equipment shall meet the specified requirements. For tests at the lower temperatures, the equipment shall be left in the tes
40、t chamber until thermal equilibrium is achieved and shall then be switched to the standby or receive condition for one minute, after which the equipment shall meet the specified requirements. 0.85 times the nominal voltage of the battery; 0.9 times the nominal voltage of the battery; 0.85 times the
41、nominal voltage of the battery; the end point voltage declared by the equipment manufacturer. 2.4.3. 3. GENERAL CONDITIONS 3.1. Normal test modulation (for voice frequencies) During normal test modulation, the modulation frequency shall be 1 kHz. In the case of equipment using frequency or phase mod
42、ulation, the frequency deviation shall be as shown in the table below. The test signal shall be largely devoid of spurious amplitude modulation. 3.2. Channel separation 10 12.5 20 25 1 1.5 2.4 3 Table I (T/R 20-05). In the case of equipment using amplitude modulation, the modulation ratio shall be 6
43、0%. Normal coded test signal (for calling) The normal coded test signal shall consist of correctly coded signals separated one from another by a time interval which shall be not less than the reset time of the receiver. This signal shall be that which occupies the widest passband, as agreed by the m
44、anufacturer and the testing authority. Information on this test signal shall be recorded in the test report. The encoder, which shall constitute an integral part of the transmitter, shall be capable of supplying the normal coded test signal. As far as possible, modulation should be continuous throug
45、hout the duration of the tests. Edition of September 15, 1988 CEPT T/R*20-05E 2326414 0006448 7 TIR 20-05 E Annex 11, Page 4 3.3. Artificial antenna Tests on the transmitter shall be carried out with a non-reactive, non-radiating load of 50 ohms connected to the external antenna terminals or, in the
46、 case of equipment with an integral antenna, to the test fixture. 3.4. Test fixture for equipment with an integral antenna In the case of equipment designed to operate with an integral antenna, the manufacturer may be required to supply a suitable test fixture permitting relative measurements to be
47、made on the sample under test. This test fixture shall provide a radio frequency outlet with an impedance of 50 ohms at the working frequency of the equipment. The test fixture shall, as a minimum requirement, permit audio frequency input and output connections to be made (if required) and the power
48、 supply of the equipment to be replaced by an external source. The characteristics of this test fixture under normal and extreme conditions shall be subject to the approval of the testing authority. The testing authority shall concern itself with the following characteristics: (a) coupling losses sh
49、all not be excessively high, that is, not greater than 30 dB; (b) the variation of coupling loss with frequency shall not cause errors in measurement using the test fixture (c) the coupling device shall not incorporate any non-linear elements. The testing authority may provide its own test fixture. greater than 2 dB; 3.5. Test site and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields (For general advice, see also Appendix A.) 3.5.1. Outdoor test site 3.5.1.1. The test site shall be located on a surface or ground which is reasonably level. At one point on the s
