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20、anization5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N61-800-463-6727 416-747-4044Visit our Online Store at shop.csa.caB65-12Installation code for decentralized wastewater systemsCSA Standard100%ISBN 978-1-55491-688-7 Canadian Standards Association 2012All rights reserved. No par
21、t of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher.To purchase CSA Standards and related publications, visit CSAs Online Store at shop.csa.ca or call toll-free 1-800-463-6727 or 416-747-4044.The Canadian Standards Association (CSA) prints its
22、 publications on Rolland Enviro100, which contains 100% recycled post-consumer fibre, is EcoLogo and Processed Chlorine Free certified, and was manufactured using biogas energy.March 2012 iiiContents Canadian Standards Association Installation code for decentralized wastewater systemsTechnical Commi
23、ttee on Decentralized Wastewater Systems viiPreface x0Introduction 10.1 General 10.2 Expectations 10.3 Intent 10.4 Major goals 10.5 Additional goals 20.6 Innovation 20.7 Approvals 21Scope 22 Reference publications 33 Definitions and abbreviations 53.1 Definitions 53.2 Abbreviations 94General 94.1 Ge
24、neral 94.2 Natural and imported soils 94.3 Site slope 94.4 Frost protection 94.5 Personnel 95Design 106 Site evaluation 106.1 General 106.2 Soil profiles 116.2.1 General 116.2.2 Horizons 116.2.3 Saturated zones 116.2.4 Colour 116.2.5 Texture and permeability 126.2.6 Structure 126.2.7 Consistence 126
25、.2.8 Salinity 126.2.9 Bedrock 126.2.10 Limiting layer 126.2.11 Permafrost 126.3 Surface elevations and drainage features 126.4 Area available 136.5 Site evaluation report 136.5.1 Minimum content 136.5.2 Additional content 13B65-12 Canadian Standards Associationiv March 20127 Wastewater flows and str
26、ength 147.1 Residential flows 147.2 Non-residential flows 147.3 Daily flow variances 157.4 Wastewater strength 157.4.1 Residential 157.4.2 Non-residential 158 Upstream components 158.1 Primary treatment components 158.1.1 General 158.1.2 Effluent quality 158.1.3 Exceptions 158.2 Additional treatment
27、 168.3 Septic tanks 168.3.1 Working capacity 168.3.2 Access 168.3.3 Water tightness 178.3.4 Insulation 178.3.5 Horizontal setback distances 178.3.6 Venting 178.3.7 Effluent filtration 178.3.8 Installation 188.3.9 Compliance 188.4 Effluent tanks and effluent chambers 188.4.1 General 188.4.2 Capacity
28、188.4.3 Access openings 188.4.4 Water tightness 188.4.5 Insulation 188.4.6 Location 188.4.7 Installation 188.4.8 Venting 198.4.9 Compliance 198.5 Advanced treatment devices 198.5.1 Performance 198.5.2 Installation 198.5.3 Setback distances 198.6 Effluent pumps 198.6.1 General 198.6.2 Plumbing criter
29、ia 198.6.3 Liquid level sensors 208.6.4 High-liquid-level alarm 208.6.5 Electrical criteria 208.7 Grease interceptors 208.7.1 General 208.7.2 Compliance 208.7.3 Sizing, selection, location, installation, and maintenance 208.7.4 Horizontal setback distances 208.8 Sampling ports 208.9 Piping 208.9.1 G
30、eneral 208.9.2 Non-pressurized piping 218.9.3 Pressurized piping 21 Canadian Standards Association Installation code for decentralized wastewater systemsMarch 2012 v8.9.4 Joints 218.9.5 Flow monitoring 218.10 Alarms 218.10.1 Alarm types 218.10.2 Location and functionality 219 Soil absorption systems
31、 229.1 General 229.2 Vertical separation 229.3 Horizontal setback distances 229.4 Loading rates 229.4.1 Hydraulic loading rates 229.4.2 Linear loading rate 239.4.3 Imported fills 259.5 Materials and dimensioning 259.5.1 Gravel-based systems 259.5.2 Materials 259.5.3 Trenches 269.5.4 Gravel-less and
32、gravel substitute systems 279.5.5 Inspection ports 279.6 Nutrient loading 279.7 Pressure-distribution systems 279.7.1 General 279.7.2 Design 279.7.3 Distribution piping 279.7.4 Orifices 289.7.5 Dosing 289.8 Other soil absorption systems 289.8.1 Seepage beds 289.8.2 Sand filters 299.8.3 Subsurface dr
33、ip dispersal 299.8.4 Contour systems 2910 Holding tanks 2910.1 Capacity 2910.2 Access openings 2910.3 Water tightness 2910.4 Insulation 2910.5 Setback distances and locations 3010.6 Installation 3010.7 Compliance 3011 Installation 30AnnexesA (informative) Operation and maintenance of decentralized w
34、astewater systems 49B (informative) Installation guideline for septic tanks 53C (informative) Soil categories and classification 54D (informative) Sludge and scum accumulation rates 60E (informative) Constant head well (pask) permeameter for in-situ measurement of field saturated hydraulic conductiv
35、ity of soils 65F (informative) Northern considerations 76B65-12 Canadian Standards Associationvi March 2012Tables1 Minimum vertical separation distances 312 Material specifications and loading rates for imported fills 313 Suitability of soil for effluent loading 334 Minimum horizontal setback distan
36、ces for soil absorption systems, m 335 Average and peak daily flows per occupant residential occupancies 346 Fixture units 347 Maximum area of dwellings based on the number of bedrooms 358 Non-residential peak daily flows 359 Levels of treatment 3710 Minimum working capacity of septic tanks 3711 Typ
37、es of treatment 3812 Maximum hydraulic loading rates 3913 Maximum linear loading rates, L/(md) 4114 Requirements for geotextiles (non-woven filter fabrics) 44Figures1 Vertical separation for a trench system 442 Vertical separation for imported fill 453 Illustration of the concept of the linear loadi
38、ng rate 454 Slope of groundwater and mounded water flowing from disposal area 465 Example of a system designed to control effluent flow direction 476 Mounding in native soil and fill 48 Canadian Standards Association Installation code for decentralized wastewater systemsMarch 2012 viiTechnical Commi
39、ttee on Decentralized Wastewater SystemsD. Joy University of Guelph,Guelph, OntarioChairA. Durnie Alberta Municipal Affairs,Edmonton, AlbertaVice-ChairJ. Aitkin Rankins Septic Tank Pumping (b) provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and(c) where possible, phra
40、se the request in such a way that a specific “yes” or “no” answer will address the issue.Committee interpretations are processed in accordance with the CSA Directives and guidelines governing standardization and are published in CSAs Current Standard Activities, which is available on the CSA website
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42、 for change” in the subject line:(a) Standard designation (number);(b) relevant clause, table, and/or figure number;(c) wording of the proposed change; and(d) rationale for the change. Canadian Standards Association Installation code for decentralized wastewater systemsMarch 2012 1B65-12Installation
43、 code for decentralized wastewater systems0Introduction0.1 GeneralThis Code was developed in response to a request from provincial/territorial regulators, who saw the need for a national installation code for decentralized wastewater systems that would(a)provide a national basis for training and qua
44、lification of installers, inspectors, operators, and users;(b) enhance the protection of public health and safety;(c) enhance the protection of the environment;(d) create potential savings in resources by the sharing of knowledge among provincial/territorial and federal ministries;(e) standardize pr
45、actices and requirements across Canada to support the inter-provincial/territorial movement of labour, goods, and services;(f) consider the economic impact of compliance; and(g) provide a framework for consistent compliance throughout Canada.Experts from across North America had the opportunity to p
46、articipate in the development of this Code, and provinces, territories, and other stakeholders were able to provide their input on the technical content.0.2 ExpectationsIt is expected that this Code will(a)be adopted by provinces and territories across Canada and by federal ministries;(b) increase o
47、pportunities for sharing technical resources and training materials and therefore make closing the gaps between provincial, territorial, and federal regulations much easier and faster;(c) encourage research and innovation on a national scale and allow the results of research to have greater and more
48、 widespread application and benefit; and(d) be reviewed and updated to reflect the current state of knowledge in the decentralized wastewater industry.0.3 IntentThe intent of this Code is to specify requirements for the design and installation of decentralized wastewater systems and to provide guida
49、nce on recommended practices for the operation and maintenance of the systems.0.4 Major goalsThe major goals of this Code are to(a)specify requirements that result in decentralized wastewater systems that are sustainable long-term solutions for wastewater management;(b) enhance the protection of surface water and groundwater;(c) enhance the protection of the environment; and(d) enhance the protection of public health and safety.B65-12 Canadian Standards Association2 March 20120.5 Additional goalsIn addition to the goals listed in
