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17、er 2004Title: Design of masonry structuresPagination: 139 pages (xiii preliminary and 126 text), each dated December 2004Automatic notifications about any updates to this publication are available. To register for e-mail notifications, and/or to download any existing updates in PDF, enter the Online
18、 Store at www.ShopCSA.ca and click on My Account on the navigation bar.The List ID for this document is 2015387.To receive printed updates, please complete and return the attached card.AffranchirsuffisammentPlaceStamp HereASSOCIATION CANADIENNE DENORMALISATIONBUREAU CENTRAL DE LINFORMATION5060, SPEC
19、TRUM WAY, BUREAU 100MISSISSAUGA ON L4W 5N6CANADACANADIAN STANDARDSASSOCIATIONCONSOLIDATED MAILING LIST5060 SPECTRUM WAY, SUITE 100MISSISSAUGA ON L4W 5N6CANADAPublished in December 2004 by Canadian Standards AssociationA not-for-profit private sector organization5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississa
20、uga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N61-800-463-6727 416-747-4044Visit our Online Store at www.ShopCSA.caS304.1-04Design of masonry structuresCSA StandardISBN 1-55397-402-6Technical Editor: Mark Braiter Canadian Standards Association 2004All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in an
21、y form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher.December 2004 iiiContents Canadian Standards Association Design of masonry structuresTechnical Committee on Masonry Design xPreface xii1Scope 12 Reference publications, definitions and standard notation, and units 22.1 Reference publica
22、tions 22.2 Definitions and standard notation 42.2.1 Definitions 42.2.2 Standard notation 82.3 Units 143 General requirements 143.1 Design methods 143.2 Other design methods 143.3 Drawings and related documents 143.4 Materials 154 Design requirements 154.1 Specified loads and effects 154.1.1 Loads an
23、d effects 154.1.2 Dynamic effects 154.1.3 Importance factor 164.1.4 Loads not listed 164.2 Limit states design 164.2.1 Terminology 164.2.2 Strength and stability 164.3 Factored resistance 174.3.1 General 174.3.2 Resistance factors 184.3.3 Masonry connectors 184.3.4 Effective stiffness 184.4 Structur
24、al integrity 184.5 Limits on use of unreinforced masonry 184.5.1 Seismic limitation for unreinforced masonry 184.5.2 Locally reinforced masonry 184.5.3 Unreinforced shear walls 194.6 Seismic design 194.6.1 General 194.6.2 Veneer secured by ties 194.6.3 Seismic limitation for masonry of conventional
25、construction 194.6.4 Limited ductility shear walls 194.6.5 Moderately ductile shear walls 194.6.6 Moderately ductile squat shear walls 194.7 Fire resistance 204.8 Support of masonry 204.8.1 Rigidity requirements 204.8.2 Vertical support of masonry 204.8.3 Lateral support of masonry 214.9 Connectors
26、21S304.1-04 Canadian Standards Associationiv December 20044.10 Serviceability 214.10.1 Effects of differential movements and dimensional changes 214.10.2 Displacements 224.10.3 Crack control 224.11 Durability 224.11.1 General 224.11.2 Reclaimed masonry units 224.11.3 Corrosion protection of metal co
27、mponents 224.12 Fibre-reinforced polymers 245 Specified strengths used in design 245.1 Masonry compressive strength 245.1.1 Design strength 245.1.2 Compressive strength based on masonry prism tests 245.1.3 Compressive strength based on unit, mortar, and grout tests 255.2 Masonry tensile strength 265
28、.2.1 Specified flexural tensile strength 265.2.2 Test for masonry flexural tensile bond strength 265.2.3 Specified axial tensile strength 265.3 Masonry shear strength 275.3.1 Walls and columns 275.3.2 Beams 275.4 Masonry bearing strength 275.5 Reinforcing steel yield strength 275.6 Prestressing stee
29、l strength 275.7 Connector strength 276 Analysis of the structure 276.1 Safety and serviceability 276.2 Methods of analysis 276.3 Alternative methods of analysis 276.4 Secondary effects 276.5 Modulus of elasticity 276.6 Composite members 286.7 Cavity walls 286.7.1 Lateral loads 286.7.2 Axial load an
30、d bending 287 Design of unreinforced walls and columns 287.1 General 287.1.1 Factored resistance 287.1.2 Masonry columns 287.1.3 Limitations 287.1.4 Toothed joints 297.2 Design requirements for axial load and bending 297.3 Effective cross-sectional area 297.4 Maximum factored axial load resistance 2
31、97.5 Effective height 297.6 Shear wall flanges 307.6.1 Shear wall flange width 307.6.2 Flange intersections 307.6.3 Chases and openings 307.7 Axial load and minor axis bending in walls 307.7.1 Cavity walls 30 Canadian Standards Association Design of masonry structuresDecember 2004 v7.7.2 Composite a
32、nd other multi-wythe solid walls 307.7.3 Minimum primary moment 317.7.4 Section total moment effects 317.7.5 Slenderness limits 317.7.6 Design methods 327.8 Axial load and biaxial bending in walls 337.8.1 Design of compression zone 337.8.2 Design of tension zone 337.9 Columns 337.9.1 General 337.9.2
33、 Axial load and single axis bending in columns 337.9.3 Axial load and biaxial bending in columns 337.10 Shear in walls and columns 347.10.1 Factored in-plane shear resistance for walls 347.10.2 Factored out-of-plane shear resistance for walls and columns 357.10.3 Stack pattern factored shear resista
34、nce 357.10.4 Factored sliding shear resistance 357.11 Intersections 367.12 Flexural wall panels 377.12.1 General 377.12.2 Flexural wall panel dimension limits 377.12.3 Calculation of factored moments in panels 377.12.4 Calculation of resisting moment in panel 377.13 Infill shear walls 387.13.1 Gener
35、al 387.13.2 Analytical models 387.13.3 Design of infill shear walls 397.14 Bearing resistance for concentrated load 407.14.1 Stress distribution under beams 407.14.2 Dispersion of concentrated load 407.14.3 Walls of fully grouted masonry or solid brick masonry 407.14.4 Walls of hollow block or brick
36、 units not fully grouted 417.14.5 Partially grouted hollow masonry 427.14.6 Other masonry 428Glass block masonry 428.1 General 428.2 Design requirements 428.2.1 Serviceability 428.2.2 Material strength 438.2.3 Analysis 438.2.4 Safety 439 Veneer 439.1 Unit masonry veneer 439.1.1 Flexural bond strengt
37、h 439.1.2 Unit material and dimension limitations 439.1.3 Ties and joint reinforcement 449.1.4 Structural backing 449.2 Dimension cut stone and manufactured stone veneer 4410 Design of reinforced walls and columns 4510.1 General 4510.1.1 Factored resistance 45S304.1-04 Canadian Standards Association
38、vi December 200410.1.2 Grouting of reinforced columns 4510.1.3 Toothed joints 4510.2 Design requirements for axial load and bending 4510.2.1 Plane sections assumption 4510.2.2 Maximum usable masonry strain 4510.2.3 Reinforcement stress-strain relationships 4510.2.4 Tensile strength of masonry 4510.2
39、.5 Masonry stress-strain relationship 4510.2.6 Equivalent rectangular masonry stress block 4610.2.7 Compression reinforcement 4610.2.8 Low-aspect-ratios (squat) shear walls 4610.3 Effective cross-sectional area 4610.4 Maximum factored axial load resistance 4610.5 Effective height 4710.6 Effective co
40、mpression zone width 4710.6.1 General 4710.6.2 Shear wall flange width 4710.6.3 Flange intersections 4710.6.4 Chases and openings 4710.7 Axial load and minor axis bending in walls 4710.7.1 Composite and other multi-wythe solid walls 4810.7.2 Minimum primary moment 4810.7.3 Section total moment effec
41、ts 4910.7.4 Design methods 4910.8 Axial load and biaxial bending in walls 5210.9 Columns 5210.9.1 General 5210.9.2 Axial load and single axis bending in columns 5210.9.3 Axial load and biaxial bending in columns 5210.10 Shear in walls and columns 5210.10.1 Factored in-plane shear resistance of walls
42、 5210.10.2 Factored out-of-plane shear resistance of walls and columns 5410.10.3 Stack pattern factored shear resistance 5410.10.4 Factored sliding shear resistance 5410.11 Intersections 5510.12 Infill shear walls 5510.12.1 General 5510.12.2 Minimum reinforcement requirements for infill shear walls
43、5510.12.3 Length of the diagonal strut for slenderness effects 5510.12.4 In-plane shear 5510.13 Bearing resistance for concentrated load 5510.14 Service load deflections 5610.14.1 General 5610.14.2 Mid-height deflection 5610.14.3 Allowable deflection 5610.15 Minimum and maximum reinforcement in wall
44、s and columns 5710.15.1 Minimum requirements for reinforced walls 5710.15.2 Minimum seismic reinforcement for walls 5710.15.3 Maximum reinforcement for walls 5810.15.4 Horizontal joint reinforcement in walls 5810.15.5 Limits on reinforcement for columns 5810.16 Seismic design of ductile shear walls
45、5810.16.1 Applicability 5810.16.2 Terminology 59 Canadian Standards Association Design of masonry structuresDecember 2004 vii10.16.3 General requirements 5910.16.4 Limited ductility shear walls (Rd= 1.5) 5910.16.5 Moderately ductile shear walls (Rd= 2.0) 6010.16.6 Moderately ductile squat shear wall
46、s (Rd= 2.0) 6111 Design of reinforced beams 6211.1 General 6211.1.1 Factored resistance 6211.1.2 Factored bearing resistance 6211.1.3 Applicability 6211.2 Bending in beams 6211.2.1 Design assumptions 6211.2.2 Maximum reinforcement in flexural members 6311.2.3 Minimum reinforcement of flexural member
47、s 6311.2.4 Effective cross-sectional area 6311.2.5 Distance between lateral supports of beams 6411.2.6 Distribution of flexural reinforcement in beams 6411.2.7 Deep beams 6511.3 Shear in beams 6511.3.1 General principles and requirements: Design methods and design considerations 6511.3.2 Shear reinf
48、orcement details 6511.3.3 Low and normal density concrete masonry units 6611.3.4 Shear design 6611.3.5 Special provisions for deep shear spans 6811.4 Service load deflection of beams 6811.4.1 General 6811.4.2 Immediate deflection 6911.4.3 Effective moment of inertia for deflection calculations at se
49、rvice loads 6911.4.4 Long-term deflection 6911.4.5 Allowable deflection 7012 Reinforcement: Details, development, and splices 7212.1 General 7212.2 Lateral ties of reinforcement in compression 7212.3 Hooks and bends 7312.4 Development of reinforcement 7312.4.1 General 7312.4.2 Development of smooth and deformed bars and wire in tension 7312.4.3 Development of smooth and deformed bars in compression 7512.4.4 Development of bundled bars 7512.4.5 Development of standard hooks in tension 7512.4.6 Hooks for development of bars in compression 7612.4.7 Mechanical anchorage 7612.4.8
