1、UDC 699.81 :621.315.626 : 614.841.332:001.4 :620.1 DEUTSCHE NORM May 1990 C m - m w W 2 O 2. L :I -_ +- 3. L. + II C. II m .c o. II. 2 m ._ -. n- 2: O O c O II. II. L ._ ._ E a- . f L. .- m. - 3 f - O o .o ( i: $ n. E. 2i- V m 5 II II- ._ - + m O O Z B Fire behaviour of building materials and elemen
2、ts Seals for cable penetrations Concepts, requirements and testing DIN 4102 Part 9 Brandverhalten von Baustoffen und Bauteilen; Kabelabschottungen; Begriffe, Anforderungen und Prfungen In keeping with current practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
3、, a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker. Dimensions in mm For tolerances, table 1, line 3 of DIN 18 202 shall apply. Contents Page 1 Scope and field of application . 1 1 2.1 Seals for cable penetrations 2 2.2 Fire resistance time . 2 3 Classifying seals . 2 4 Requirements 2 4.1 Sepa
4、rating effect of seals 2 4.2 Changes to cable arrangements . . 5 Testing . 5.1 Sampling . 2 5.2 Test furnace 2 5.3 Design of test construction 2 1 Scope and field of application This standard specifies requirements and methods of test for seals for cable penetrations designed to prevent the spread o
5、f fire at points where electric cables pass through horizontal or vertical separating building elements (walls or floors) subject to fire resistance requirements, and estab- lishes relevant conceptsi). The testing of seals for penetrations and service shafts and ducts is covered in DIN 4102 Part 11.
6、 Note. Testing of seals as specified in this standard does not include an assessment of the performance of elec- tric cables (e.g. emergency power supply cables) in the event of a fire2). 2 Concepts 2.1 Seals for cable penetrations Seals for cable penetrations (seals, for short) are seals which clos
7、e openings in separating building elements sub- Page 5.3.1 Building elements 2 5.3.2 Specimen size and 2 5.3.3 Purpose-made seals . 3 5.4 Procedure 3 5.4.1 Fire test based on standard timeltemperature curve 3 5.4.2 Fire test with exposure to smouldering fire . 3 5.4.3 Loading . 5.4.4 Subsequent ch 6
8、 Test certificate . 3 Standards referred to 10 Explanatory notes . 10 ject to fire resistance requirements, through which electric cables pass, in particular cables with metallic conductors, bus bars and cables with non-metallic conductors (e.g. opti- cal fibre cables)3). 1) The performance of fire-
9、resistant seals cannot be as- sessed solely on the basis of this standard. Other proof of suitability must be provided (e.g. in the form of a gen- eral building inspectorate approval (agrment). For building materials which do not become effective until exposed to a fire and which cannot be adequatel
10、y assessed on the basis of this standard, proof of suitability shall be provided (e.9. in the form of an agrment). 2) Cf. DIN 4102 Part 12. 3) The provision of service shafts and ducts (cf. DIN 4102 Part 11) shall also be regarded as serving to prevent the spread of fire along electric cables passin
11、g through walls and floors. Continued on pages 2 to 11 Beuth Verlag GmbH Berlin. has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). o5 93 DIN 4702 Part 9 Engl. Price group 8 Sales No.0108 Page 2 DIN 4102 Part 9 2.2 Fire resistance time For the purposes of this standard, the fire resi
12、stance time is the minimum length of time, in minutes, during which seals prevent the spread of fire and smoke through cable pene- trations in fire tests carried out as specified in subclause 5.4.1, using the standard timeitemperature curve. In table 1, fire resistance classes (class S) are specifie
13、d as a function of the fire resistance time. Table 1. Fire resistance time Fire resistance Minimum fire resistance time, class in min s 90 I 90 I I 120 I s 120 I I S 180 I 180 I 3 Classifying seals Seals shall be classified into fire resistance classes on the basis of testing in accordance with this
14、 standard, the cri- terion of classification being the most unfavourable result of the tests carried out as specified in subclause 5.4.1 on two specimens or morei). Note. Seals tested in accordance with this standard will meet the relevant fire resistance requirements pro- vided that the cables and
15、their supporting construc- tions are installed in compliance with the relevant electrical engineering standards, in particular with DIN VDE O100 Part 520 A 1. 4 Requirements 4.1 Separating effect of seals 4.1.1 Installed seals shall not have an opening, cavities, etc. which permit the passage of air
16、 from one side to the other (cf. Explanatory notes). 4.1.2 Seals, when tested in accordance with subclauses 5.4.1 and 5.4.2, shall, during the specified fire resistance time, meet the following requirements. The spread of fire and smoke through the seal shall be prevented. This requirement is deemed
17、 to have been ful- filled if a cotton pad as specified in subclause 6.2.6 of DIN 4102 Part 2, September 1977 edition, held against the unexposed side of the seal during the test does not ignite, if there is no flame on the unexposed side and if the passage of smoke is not considered critical. On the
18、 unexposed side, the surface temperature of electric cables, supporting constructions and seals shall not rise by more than 180 K above the initial ambient temperature. 4.2 Changes to cable arrangements It shall be possible to make subsequent changes to the arrangement and number of cables passing t
19、hrough the seals (e.g. replacement or laying of additional cables) by simple means and without causing any damage to the elec- tric cables present. The work involved shall be conceived and carried out so as to ensure that the fire resistance class of the seal is maintained. 5 Testing 5.1 Sampling 5.
20、1.1 If different types of seal are to be assessed, the test- ing laboratory shall select the seal assumed to yield the most unfavourable result as the specimen. 5.1.2 Two specimens each per type of separating element (floor or wall) shall be subjected to testing. 5.1.3 Asymmetrical seals or those wh
21、ich are installed asymmetrically in walls shall be exposed to fire at least once from each side. 5.1.4 For seals for use in floors, heating of the floor under- side is normally to be considered the most unfavourable case. In cases of doubt, the behaviour of the seal on expo- sure to heat from above
22、shall also be tested. If two specimens, when installed in a wall, pass the test, only one specimen is required for testing seals installed in a floor. 5.1.5 The cable arrangement used for testing shall be that shown in figure 6, this being representative of arrangements used in practice. This does n
23、ot apply for purpose-made seals (cf. subclause 5.3.3) and those through which bus bars pass. 5.1.6 Where supporting constructions are used, these shall be made of sheet steel sections (cf. figure 6) and installed so as to pass through the seal. 5.2 Test furnace The test furnace shall comply with DIN
24、 4102 Part 2. Note. A small-scale test furnace (e.g. one complying with DIN 4102 Part 8) may also be used for supple- mentary tests. 5.3 Design of test construction 5.3.1 Building elements 5.3.1.1 For seals for use in concrete or masonry walls, the specimens shall be mounted in aerated concrete wall
25、s with a minimum thickness of 100 mm. 5.3.1.2 For seals for use in floors, the specimens shall be mounted in a reinforced concrete floor, the minimum thick- ness of which shall be specified in accordance with the required fire resistance time. 5.3.1.3 For seals for use in other types of wall (e.g. l
26、ight- weight partitions) or floor, the specimens shall be installed in building elements of the type used in practice. 5.3.1.4 For seals for use in partitions, the specimen shall be mounted in gypsum plasterboard (cf. figure 5) complying with table 45 of DIN 4102 Part 4, March 1981 edition. The resu
27、lts obtained are also applicable where such seals are used in concrete or masonry walls. 5.3.2 Specimen size and installation 5.3.2.1 For seals in walls and floors, the minimum spe- cimen size shall be 700 mm X 400 mm. For purpose-made seals, specimens shall be sized in accordance with sub- clause 5
28、.3.3. 5.3.2.2 The seals shall be mounted with cables and sup- porting construction passing through them, the results obtained also applying where such an arrangement is not used in practice (.e. where only cables pass through the seal). For I), see page 1 DIN 4102 Part 9 Page 3 Supporting constructi
29、ons shall be incorporated in the test arrangement as shown in figures 1 to 5. 5.3.2.3 Cables shall be arranged in the test construction as shown in figure 6. 5.3.2.4 Where seals for use in walls exceed 700 mm X 400 mm in size, the cable arrangement shown in figure 6 shall be located in the upper par
30、t of the seal, as shown in figure 2, with supporting constructions being placed in the lower part and loaded (e.g. using masonry units) as shown in figure 2. 5.3.2.5 Where seals for use in floors exceed 700 mm X 400 mm in size, the test arrangement shall be as shown in figure 4. 5.3.2.6 The length o
31、f the electric cables extending into the furnace shall be 500 mm. For seals for use in walls, a weight equal to the mass of the 500 mm long cable sections shown in figure 6 shall be attached to the ends of the cables. Where the cables are provided with a fire-resistant coating, the uncoated lengths
32、of cable shall be 100 mm long or more. The cut ends of the cables on the exposed side of the speci- men shall remain unsealed while those on the unexposed side shall be sealed with plaster of Paris or in some other way. The temperature of the cut ends and any gases which may be released shall be dis
33、regarded in the assessment. 5.3.2.7 The specimens shall be manufactured so as to be representative of seals used in practice. 5.3.2.8 Where provisions for subsequent changes to the arrangement and number of cables have been made, such shall be covered by the fire tests. 5.3.2.9 Where bunched telecom
34、munication cables pass through seals and proper sealing of the spaces between the cables is not ensured, such seals shall be tested using an arrangement as shown in figure 7. 5.3.2.10 When testing seals designed to receive metal or plastic tubing with an external diameter of 15mm or less, not less t
35、han three conduitsipipes of each type shall pass through the specimen (cf. figure 7). 5.3.3 Purpose-made seals For purpose-made seals for use in both walls and floors, .e. seals which differ in size and cable arrangement from those described in subclause 5.3.2, two specimens each shall be used to te
36、st the following: a) the largest seal; b) the smallest thickness of the building element to be sealed; c) the seal with the highest concentration of cables (.e. where seals accommodate a number of cables, the one which contains the highest total cross-sectional area of cables, and the one which cont
37、ains the cable of largest diameter); d) where used in the construction, blank seals; e) supporting construction, if relevant. The same procedure shall be followed for seals through which bus bars pass, the specimens being representative of the seal as used in practice (.e. including any electrical i
38、nsulation, etc.). Figures 1 to 7 shall apply by analogy. 5.4 Procedure 5.4.1 Fire test based on standard timeitemperature curve Testing shall be carried out as specified in subclauses 6.2.1 and 6.2.3 to 6.2.8 of DIN 4102 Part 2 on the basis of the standard timeitemperature curve. Specimens of seals
39、for use in walls shall be positioned in the test furnace so that there is a pressure of (IO f 2) Pa at the level of the upper- most cable tray. The thermocouples used to measure the rise in temperature at the specimen surface shall be positioned as shown in figure 6 or figure 7. Additional thermocou
40、ples shall be used to determine any thermal bridge across the seal or support- ing construction. 5.4.2 Fire test with exposure to smouldering fire If there is any doubt that the seals will become fully effective on exposure to smouldering fire, seals which are made of materials that become effective
41、 only when exposed to heat for a specified period shall also be subjected to a fire test based on the standard timeltemperature curve shown in figure 4 of DIN 4102 Part 11. The specifications of subclause 5.4.1 shall apply for all other details of the test procedure. 5.4.3 Loading Walls and floors s
42、hall not be subjected to loading during testing. 5.4.4 Subsequent changes to cable arrangement It shall be checked whether any provisions for subsequent changes to the cable arrangement permit such to be carried out on representative specimens. 6 Test certificate A test certificate based on clause 8
43、 of DIN 4102 Part 2 (dis- regarding table 2 and the required classification) shall be issued which gives details of the test and its results. The test certificate shall be entitled: Prfzeugnis zur Beantragung einer allgemeinen bauaufsichtlichen Zulassung (Test certi- ficate required for applications
44、 for an agrement). The test certificate shall include a description of the test construction and, in particular, provide the following infor- mation: type, thickness and fire resistance class of the wall or floor in which the seal was installed; structure and thickness of the seal, cable arrangement
45、 and materials used; where the thickness of the seal exceeds that of the wall or floor, details of the protrud- ing section; type, cross-sectional area and number of electric cables and of any bunched cables and ducts passing through the specimen; type of supporting construction and accompanying bra
46、ckets ; dimensions of free spaces in the test arrangement; any measures taken to provide for subsequent changes to the cable arrangement; type and application of any materials which foam under heat (e.g. intumescent coatings); mechanical behaviour of seals and any secondary effects of the fire (e.g.
47、 development of smoke). Page 4 DIN 4102 Pari 9 4 I a “f - 2 E al c c O o U al c L : O O r- C c C h DIN 4102 Pari 9 Page 5 Ballast (e.g. masonry units, on exposed side only Y steel plates), , Aerated concrete wall Width of ladderltray: 500 mm Round steel bar, 18 mm in diameter, welded to bracket 1200
48、 Figure 2. Test arrangement for testing large seals in walls Page 6 DIN 4102 Part 9 - 4300 . B-B L 40 X 5 angle, 600 rnm long (example) Length of cables on unexposed side: 500 mm C 60 section, 1000 rnrn long (example) Length of cables on unexposed side: 500 mrn Reinforced concrete slab 100 Cable arr
49、angement as shown in figure 6 h 1 /I -TB DIN 4102 Part 9 Page 7 ao00 3 Supporting construction as shown in figure 3 Reinforced concrete slab Figure 4. Test arrangement for testing large seals in floors Page 8 DIN 4102 Part 9 U or C sections (e.g. 50 X 40 X 50 X 0,63 sections, on each side of tray) 20 rnrn X 1,5 rnm steel stri Additional 20 mm X 1,5 rnrn steel strip (where tray is not passed through seal) Additional support (where tray is not passed through seal) Supporting construction fixed to the test frame (example) H-studs with brackets and round steel bars (no
