1、December 2005Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).IC
2、S 19.060!%10“2149413www.din.deDDIN 51309Materials testing machines Calibration of static torque measuring devices,English translation of DIN 51309:2005-12Werkstoffprfmaschinen Kalibrierung von Drehmomentmessgerten fr statische Drehmomente,Englische bersetzung von DIN 51309:2005-12Machines dessai des
3、 matriaux talonnage des instruments de mesure (en fonction) du couple statique, Traduction anglaise de DIN 51309:2005-12SupersedesDIN 51309:1998-02www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 27 pages06.14 DIN 51309:2005-12 2 A comma
4、 is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page Foreword 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Symbols 5 4 Characteristics of the torque measuring instrument .7 4.1 Description and marking of the torque measuring instrument 7 4.2 Inducing the torque .7 4.3 Measurement of the torque by deformation .7
5、5 Calibration of the torque measuring instrument 7 5.1 General 7 5.1.1 Requirements .7 5.1.2 Overload check 8 5.2 Resolution of the display unit 8 5.2.1 Scale indication 8 5.2.2 Numeric display .8 5.2.3 Indication fluctuation 8 5.2.4 Units 8 5.2.5 Measurement range initial value 8 5.3 Preparation of
6、 the calibration .8 5.3.1 Display unit .8 5.3.2 Temperature equalization .9 5.3.3 Transducer zero value Is.9 5.3.4 Installation direction, transducer connection .9 5.4 Carrying out the calibration 9 5.4.1 Scope of the calibration and procedure 9 5.4.2 Preloading . 10 5.4.3 Installation position 10 5
7、.4.4 Carrying out the calibration . 10 5.4.5 Loading conditions . 11 5.4.6 Displayed value corrected for the zero value Xj(MK) . 11 5.4.7 Evaluation of the torque measuring instruments 11 5.4.8 Short-time creeping 14 6 Classification of the torque measuring instrument 14 6.1 Classification principle
8、 14 6.2 Measurement range initial value and classification criteria . 14 6.2.1 Measurement range initial value . 14 6.2.2 Classification criteria . 14 6.3 Calibration certificate and recalibration . 15 6.3.1 Calibration certificate . 15 6.3.2 Recalibration . 16 7 Standard designation . 16 Annex A (n
9、ormative) Application of calibrated torque measuring instruments 17 Annex B (informative) Recommended dimensions for torque transducers, including couplings for their adaptation in torque calibrators . 18 Annex C (informative) Determination of the relative expanded measurement uncertainty W for the
10、calibration of torque measuring instruments 19 C.1 Determination of the measurement uncertainty of the interpolated calibration result for the calibration of torque measuring instruments 19 DIN 51309:2005-12 3 C.1.1 Model 19 C.1.2 Measurement uncertainty budget 20 Annex D (informative) Calibration p
11、rocedure 24 Annex E (informative) Features for measurement of vibratory torque . 25 Bibliography 27 List of figures Figure B.1 . 18 Figure D.1 Example of the preloadings and measurement series for the classes 0,05 and 0,1 . 24 Figure D.2 Example of the preloadings and measurement series of square dr
12、ive transducers for the classes 0,2 and 0,5 24 Figure D.3 Example of the preloadings and measurement series of square drive transducers for the classes 1 to 5 . 24 Figure E.1 Interpolation deviations for clockwise and anti-clockwise torque, related to the corresponding zero points (here and in the f
13、ollowing, filled symbols signify: increasing value of the torque; blank symbols: decreasing value) . 25 Figure E.2 Interpolation deviations for alternating torque with integrated contours for clockwise and anti-clockwise torque, related to the mean value of the associated zero points 26 Figure E.3 R
14、ange of the interpolation deviation (thick line) for an alternating torque transducer with unknown history . 26 List of tables Table 1 Symbols, units and designation 5 Table 2 Number of series of measurements required . 10 Table 3 Classification characteristics of the torque measuring instruments 15
15、 Table B.1 18 Table C.1 Distribution functions for the calculation of the relative standard deviations for the parameters calculated from the ranges determined from experiment . 20 Table C.2 Example for the tabular calculation of the relative standard measurement uncertainty w for torque measuring i
16、nstruments for static torques . 23 DIN 51309:2005-12 4 Foreword This document has been prepared by Working Group Drehmomentmessgerte (Torque Measuring Instru-ments) of the Working Committee NMP 811 Werkstoffprfmaschinen (Materials Testing Machines) in colla-boration with the Technical Committee Dreh
17、moment (Torque) of the Deutscher Kalibrierdienst (German Calibration Service), in accordance with DIN EN ISO 376. The definitions used conform to the International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology 1. Amendments The standard differs from DIN 51309:1998-02 as follows: a) Figure B.2 h
18、as been deleted without replacement; b) Annex C has been revised in accordance with 3; c) a new Annex E has been included. Previous editions DIN 51309: 1998-02 DIN 51309:2005-12 5 1 Scope This standard is generally applicable to torque measuring devices by which the torque is defined by meas-uring t
19、he elastic deformation of a loaded member or a proportional measurement of it. The torque measuring device is defined as the complete device, from the torque transducer up to and including the display unit. This standard is applicable to the calibration of torque measuring devices for static calibra
20、tion of testing machines. Furthermore, it should be used for torque measuring devices for general applications (e.g. as torque sensors in power assembly tools, performance test benches etc.) as well as for transfer standards. The procedure for the classification of these devices is described, as wel
21、l as a suggestion for determining the measurement uncertainty (see Annex C). When using the torque measuring device for measuring alternating torques, additional consideration is required in accordance with Annex E. This standard is not applicable to torque wrenches. 2 Normative references The follo
22、wing documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispens-able for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited is applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. DIN EN IS
23、O 376, Metallic materials Calibration of force-proving instruments used for the verification of uniaxial testing machines (ISO 376:2004) 3 Symbols For the purposes of this standard, the symbols in Table 1 apply. Table 1 Symbols, units and designation Symbol Designation Unit M Torque Nm MnomNominal t
24、orque Nm MALower limit of measurement range Nm MEUpper limit of measurement range Nm MKCalibration torque Nm AE = Displayed unit of the output signal (e.g. Nm, mV/V, V, Hz) AE I Uncorrected value displayed on the display unit AE IsDisplayed value before mounting in the calibration machine and obtain
25、ed in vertical position (transducer zero value) AE I0,jDisplayed value before loading in the mounting position j (zero value) AE If,jDisplayed value after relieving in the mounting position j AE Ij(MK) Displayed value at increasing calibration torque MKin the mounting position j AE Ij(MK) Displayed
26、value at decreasing calibration torque MKin the mounting position j AE DIN 51309:2005-12 6 Table 1 (continued) Symbol Designation Unit X Displayed value of the display unit, corrected for the zero value AE Xj(MK) Displayed value corrected for the zero value at increasing calibration torque MKin the
27、mounting position j AE Xj(MK) Displayed value corrected for the zero value at decreasing calibration torque MKin the mounting position j AE Y Calibration result AE Y(MK) Calibration result at calibration torque MKwithout hysteresis (case I) AE Yh(MK) Calibration result at calibration torque MKwith h
28、ysteresis (case II) AE YECalibration result at the upper limit of measurement range MEAE Ya(MK) Interpolated calibration result at calibration torque MKwithout hysteresis (case I) AE Yah(MK) Interpolated calibration result at calibration torque MKwith hysteresis (case II) AE Quantities for measureme
29、nt uncertainty analysis b(MK) Reproducibility at calibration torque MKAE b(MK) Repeatability at calibration torque MKAE fa(MK) Interpolation deviation at calibration torque MKAE fq(MK) Indication deviation at calibration torque MKAE f0Zero point deviation AE h(MK) Reversibility of the torque measuri
30、ng device at the calibration torque MKAE r Resolution of the display unit Nm wKE(MK) Relative standard measurement uncertainty at the torque value MKof the calibration machine % WKE(MK) Relative expanded measurement uncertainty at the torque value MKof the calibration machine % w(MK) Relative standa
31、rd measurement uncertainty of the interpolated calibration result at the calibration torque MK% W(MK) Relative expanded measurement uncertainty of the interpolated calibration result at the calibration torque MK% W(MK) Relative uncertainty interval of the calibration result at the interpolated calib
32、ration torque MK% DIN 51309:2005-12 7 4 Characteristics of the torque measuring device 4.1 Description and labelling of the torque measuring device All components of the torque transducer, including the display unit, are parts of the torque measuring device. All parts of the torque measuring device
33、(including cable for the electrical connection) shall be labelled uniquely and clearly (e.g. with the name of the manufacturer, type, 4- or 6-conductor circuit or similar and the serial number). The nominal torque shall be indicated on the torque transducer and the measuring side shall be marked, in
34、sofar as this is of significance for the measurement. NOTE The “measuring side of the torque transducer” is understood to be the side at which the torque to measure is applied. Connected cables, slip-rings or housing supports can lead to by-passes which influence the measurement result. 4.2 Torque a
35、pplication The torque transducer and its mounting parts shall be designed in such a way that anti-clockwise as well as clockwise torques can be applied without lateral forces and bending moments. Recommended dimensions for mounting parts are given in Annex B. 4.3 Measurement of the torque by deforma
36、tion Elastic deformation of the loaded member of the torque transducer can be recorded using electrical, mechanical, optical or other devices. 5 Calibration of the torque measuring device 5.1 General 5.1.1 Requirements The calibration comprises of applying known torques the calibration torques MK to
37、 the torque measuring device and, thereby, recording the indications. An electrical display unit can be replaced by a similar device if its deviations only insignificantly influence the result of the classification due to its technical specification and measurement uncertainty (the additional measur
38、ement uncertainty through replacement of the display unit shall be a maximum of 1/3of the relative standard measurement uncertainty of the calibration result w(MK). NOTE Regarding the interchangeability, note that a different supply voltage and also different cable influences can significantly influ
39、ence the measurement result. For measurements using a display unit that has been replaced, the supply voltage in particular shall be set in accordance with the customers data. Normally, replacing the display unit has a relatively minor influence on torque measuring devices, in which a significant pa
40、rt of the electrical supply and/or amplification of the output signal is ensured by active, electronic circuits integrated in the transducer. Ensure that a) torque applying elements for the adaptation of torque measuring devices into calibration machines can transmit a minimum of 1,5 times the maxim
41、um calibration torque; b) when under the maximum calibration torque, the maximum elongation of the torque measuring device, including its adaptation parts, does not exceed 1 mm. NOTE This requirement is important for the correct functioning of aerostatically supported lever-mass systems of torque ca
42、libration machines. DIN 51309:2005-12 8 c) only such adaptation elements are used in the calibration machine that limit the resulting material stress in the loaded member due to the superposition of parasitic components (axial force, lateral force and bending moment) and calibration torque to 1,2 ti
43、mes the stress that occurs when only the calibration torque is applied without parasitic components. 5.1.2 Overload check Before the initial calibration, ensure that the torque transducer, including its adaptation elements, was overloaded a minimum of four times with a torque exceeding the nominal t
44、orque by approximately 8 % to 12 % and that this value was maintained each time for 1 to 1,5 minutes. NOTE Hereby, subsequent damage to the calibration machine through unexpected failure, for example through fracturing of the torque transducer, including its adaptation elements, should be excluded.
45、5.2 Resolution of the display unit 5.2.1 Scale indication The graduation lines on the scale shall be of a uniform width and the pointer shall be approximately as wide as a graduation line. The resolution r is defined as the smallest possible difference of a scale that can be distinguished and result
46、s from the ratio between the width of the pointer and centre interval of two adjacent graduation lines (graduation line distance). Ratios of 1/2, 1/5or 1/10shall be selected. An interval of 1,25 mm or greater is required to estimate one tenth of the scale division on the scale. 5.2.2 Numeric display
47、 The resolution r is considered to be the step of the last changing digit on the display unit, provided that the indication does not fluctuate by more than one digital step when the device is unloaded. 5.2.3 Indication fluctuation If the indication fluctuates by more than the value previously determ
48、ined for the resolution when the device is mechanically unloaded, the resolution is determined as half of the fluctuation range added to one digital step. 5.2.4 Units The resolution r is given in the unit of torque, or multiples or divisions of the latter. 5.2.5 Lower limit of the measurement range
49、Taking into consideration the resolution r, with which the indication can be read out on the device, the minimum torque applied to a torque measuring device (lower limit of the measurement range MA) shall comply with the values given in Table 3. 5.3 Preparation for calibration 5.3.1 Display unit The display unit shall be set in accordance with the manufacturers data or customers specification. All variable settings shall be recorded. Before starting
