1、UDC 665.61.7 : 662.753 : 621.892 : 620.113 DEUTSCHE NORM December 1990 I I Part 2 Prfung von Minerallen; Probenahme; flssige Stoffe Supersedes March 1984 edition. In keeping with current practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (SO), a comma has been used
2、 throughout as the decimal marker. See Explanatory notes for connection with IS0 3170 : 1988 published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and ASTM D 4057-88 published by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Dimensions in mm For general tolerances, accuracy
3、grade g as specified in DIN 7168 shall apply 1 This standard describes methods of sampling crude oils and liquid petroleum products (e.9. engine fuels, special boiling point spirits and white spirits, fuel oils, kerosene and liquid lubricants), as well as pasty and solid petroleum products (e.g. lub
4、ricating greases, petroleum jelly and paraffins) which can be liquefied by heating without that changing their composition. It does not cover bituminous binders (cf. EN 58). lubricating oils in internal combustion engines (cf. DIN 51 574), and liquefied natural gas (cf. DIN 51 610). General informat
5、ion on the sampling of petroleum products is provided in DIN 51 750 Part 1. Scope and field of application 2 Apparatus 2.1 Samplers l) Samplersasdescribedinsubclauses2.1.1 to2.1.5are to be selected as a function of the type and size of container from which the sample is to be taken, the brand and gr
6、ade of product to be tested and the type of sample to be collected. To collect samples from group A petroleum products of hazard categories I and Il2), only sampling bottles or bomb- type samplers shall be used that are made entirely (.e. including lifting cord, suspension rod) of an anti-static mat
7、erial or from a material from which sparks cannot be drawn unintentionally (e.g. copper or copper-zinc alloys). During sampling such equipment shall be connected to the container by a metal-to-metal joint. Considerable amounts of electric charge may have accu- mulated in liquid stored in freshly fil
8、led tanks. In such I) Information on sources of supply can be obtained from DIN-Bezugsquellen fr normgerechte Erzeugnisse im DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V Burggrafen- Strae 6, D-1000 Berlin 30. 2, For hazard categories, see subclause 2.1 of DIN 51 755, March 1974 edition. cases, samples shal
9、l be taken only after the static charge has dissipated (which may take several hours). See clause 4 for further details on the use of samplers. Care shall be taken to ensure that the samplers and their fittings are clean and dry and do not come into contact with possible sources of contamination (cl
10、eaning rags, dust, etc.) and moisture (rain) during sampling. Note. Cleaning wool shall not be used in sections of a plant where group A products of hazard categories I and II are handled. i+ 35 Figure 1. Sampling tube Continued on pages 2 to 5 Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin, has the exclusive right of s
11、ale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). DIN 57 750 Part 2 Engl. Price group 6 06.92 Sales No. O106 Page 2 DIN 51 750 Part 2 110 7 Figure 2. Type A thief A-A Centring plate, developed ,19- Spring steel, 1 mm thick B- B Figure 3. Type B thief 2.1.1 Sampling tubes Sampling tubes, asshown in figure 1, ar
12、e tubesof sufficient length and tapered at top and bottom, with an internal diameter of approximately 25 mm. 2.1.2 Thief lubes 2.1.2.1 Type A thief A type A thief, as shown in figure 2, is a tube with a handle at the top, which is connected to a disc at the bottom used to close it via a tension spri
13、ng and a rod. The spring ensures that the thief is completely sealed when the handle is raised and locked in position by turning it through 90. 2.1.2.2 Type B thief A type B thief, as shown in figure 3, consists of a sampling cylinder (4) and a tubular extension (6) of a suitable length, an internal
14、 rod (2) and two disc-type pistons (5) which act as guides and seals, a conical stopper (1) and chain fittings (7 and a), a ring at the bottom end (3) serving to protect the cylinder. 2.1.3 Sampling bottles Sampling bottles may either have the form of a weighted metal beaker, as shown in figure 4, o
15、r of a glass bottle of any type and a weighted metal cage, as shown in figure 5. The bottle (or the cage) and the stopper are attached to a cord which allows the bottle to be lowered to the desired depth in a container. Instead of a cord, a metal rod may be attached to the bottle, but an additional
16、cord shall then be attached to the stopper. The rod shall be connected to the tank by a metal-to-metal joint. See subclause 2.1 for type of metal to be used. A beaker is to be used when collecting samples to deter- mine the vapour pressure, to prevent decanting losses. 3 wire handle Wire lugs Figure
17、 4. Weighted beaker (dimensions given by way of example) DIN 51 750 Part 2 Page 3 Lifting cord 3 to 5 in diameter Hinged flap for retaining Cage accommodating the sampling bottle, Figure 5. Bottle fitted in cage 2.1.4 Bomb-type sampiers Bomb-type samplers, as shown in figure 6, are made of metal as
18、specified in subclause 2.1, with a lug to which a cord is attached permitting the sampler to be lowered to any desired depth in a container, another lug being pro- vided on the rod-and-stopper assembly, to which another cord can be attached for raising and lowering the stopper. 2.1.5 Scoops Scoops s
19、hall be of normal commercial type, with a capacity of about 0,5 1. 2.2 Sample containers For storing the sample collected, a clean, dry, sealable container (e.g. glass bottle, steel can, type-approved plastic spare fuel can bearing a test number) shall be used. If the liquid is readily volatile (.e.
20、 has a Reid vapour pressure of more than 1,12 bar; cf. DIN 51 754), the sample container shall be cooled in ice to prevent evaporation losses. A separate sample container shall be used for each sample. 3 Preparations for sampling 3.1 If the stability of the product to be tested is poor at low temper
21、atures, the bulkshall be heated to about 10 OC above the pour point specified in IS0 3016. 3.2 If the storage tank is provided with a bottom drain valve, any water which may have separated from the product shall be discharged and its quantity recorded. Note that the aqueous bottom layer in petrol ma
22、y be a mixture of water and alcohols. Lug for cord Lug for cord to stoppet attaching -_. IV 4 80 -I Figure 6. Bomb-type sampler (dimensions given by way of example) 3.3 The contents of barrels or other small containers shall be thoroughly mixed before sampling. Where a layer of free water has collec
23、ted in a barrel and cannot be removed, the barrel shall be raised on one side approxi- mately 20 cm and left in this oblique position for not less than half an hour beforesampling, so as to permitthe water and any contaminants to settle. Next, the spot sample shall be taken from the level above the
24、sediments. 3.4 Samplers and sample containers shall be prepared as described in subclauses 2.1 and 2.2. 4 Procedures 4.1 Collecting spot samples 4.1.1 Method using a sampling tube (cf. figure 1) This method is particularly suitable for sampling from smaller containers, such as barrels, drums, etc. T
25、o collect spot samples, the sampling tube shall first be lowered to the desired depth, keeping the top opening closed with the thumb (or a stopper). The thumb shall be removed which allows the liquid to enter the sampling tube, replaced and the tube carefully withdrawn. No liquid adhering to the sur
26、face of the tube shall be removed before allowing the liquid to flow into the sample container by removing the thumb. 4.1.2 Method using a type A ihief (cf. figure 2) To collect samples of products (e.9. fuel oils) containing small quantities of water and other contaminants from fairly large horizon
27、tal cylindrical containers (e.g. tank wagons) use of a type A thief with feet about 50mm in length is recommended since otherwise the sample will contain an unduly high proportion of sediment and thus not Page 4 DIN 51 750 Part 2 be representative. When sampling from a particular level, the thief sh
28、all be keptclosed until it has been lowered to the desired depth, opened for a short time and closed again before withdrawal. 4.1.3 Method using a type B thief (cf. figure 3) To collect bottom samples or samples from given levels using a type B thief, the rod shall be lowered prior to immersion so t
29、hat the lower piston (5) just closes the sampling cylinder (4). The screwed-on tubular extension (6) shall be used to lower the thief to the desired level. To obtain bottom samples, after waiting for a short time, the cylinder shall be carefully pressed on the stopper (l), whereas for the collection
30、 of upper, middle and lower samples a chain (7) or cord is to be used to open and close the cylinder. 4.1.4 Method using a sampling bottle (cf. figures 4 and 5) A sampling bottle is preferably to be used for sampling from larger containers, such as ship tanks, land-based tanks and tank wagons. The b
31、ottle shall be stoppered and lowered to the desired depth, the stopper lifted with a sharp pull and the bottle allowed to fill with the liquid. 4.1.5 Mehod using a bomb-type sampler (cf. figure 6) Bomb-type samplers are preferably to be used for drawing samples from the bottom and from given levels
32、of large containers, ship tanks, land-based tanks and tank wagons. The sampler shall be lowered to the desired depth and the liquid allowed to enter it by lifting the stopper with the cord. By releasing the cord, the stopper shall be lowered again, and the sampler withdrawn. 4.2 Collecting ail-level
33、s and running samples 4.2.1 Method using a sampling tube or type A thief To collect an all-levels sample, the sampling tube shall be kept open and slowly lowered to the bottom of the container, then closed at the top and carefully withdrawn. To collect an all-levels sample with a type A thief, the t
34、hief, in its open position, shall be lowered to the bottom of the container. After touching the bottom, the thief shall be closed tightly and withdrawn. 4.2.2 Method using a stoppered sample To collect an all-levels sample, a stoppered sampler (e.g. sampling bottle) shall be lowered to the bottom of
35、 the container, opened and raised at a constant rate so that it is about 70 to 90% full when withdrawn. 4.2.3 Method using an unstoppered sampler To collect a running sample, an unstoppered sampler (e.g. sampling bottle) shall, at a constant rate, be lowered to the bottom of the container and then r
36、eturned to the top, so that it is filled to about 70 to 90% of its capacity when withdrawn. 4.3 Mainstream sampling In mainstream sampling, during the period in which the liquid is discharged, a scoop shall be passed approxi- mately ten times, at regular intervals, across the outlet stream, and the
37、samples collected (.e. about 10 scoop fillings) transferred to a sample container and mixed. 4.4 Sidestream sampling A continuously flowing sidestream drawn off from a mainstream shall be fed via a drawsff valve or any other suitable device (preferably installed adjacent to the outlet opening or, if
38、 a pump is used, immediately downstream of it) into a sample container. Throughout the sampling period, it is to beensured thatthesidestream represents an approximately constant fraction of the mainstream. The content of the sample container shall be thoroughly mixed. 4.5 Tap sampling In tap samplin
39、g, the product shall be introduced, through a dispensing device, into a sample container, which shall be filled to 70 to 90% of its capacity. Prior to sampling, an adequate amount of liquid shall be allowed to run off (not less than 10 1 for petrol stations), and discarded. 4.6 Determination oi vapo
40、ur pressure To determine the vapour pressure, spot samples shall be collected either by using a sampling bottle (cf. subclause 4.1.4) or by tap sampling (cf. subclause 4.5), whereas all- levels samples (cf. subclause 4 2.2) or running samples (cf. subclause 4.2.3) shall be taken from a continuously
41、flowing sidestream (cf. subclause 4.4) or using a sampling bottle. 5 Labelling the sample For labelling the sample, a tie-on label as specified in DIN 51 750 Part 1, Appendix A, shall be used. Note. Under the heading type of sampling, the type of sample (e.g. all-levels sample or mainstream sam- ple
42、) and under the heading sampling equipment, the name of the sampler as designated in clause 2 shall be entered on the label. DIN 51 750 Part 2 Page 5 Standards and other documents referred to DIN 7168 Part 1 DIN 51 574 DIN 51 610 DIN 51 750 Part 1 DIN 51 754 DIN 51 755 EN 58 IS0 3016:1974 IS0 3170:1
43、988) ASTM D 4057-88) l 7. Verordnung zur nderung der Gefahrgutverordnung - Binnenschiffahrt (7th Amendment to the German Regulation on the transport of hazardous substances by inland waterways), Bundesgesetzblatt (German Federal Law Gazette) I, 1989, No. 14, P. 489. General tolerances for linear and
44、 angular dimensions (not to be used for new designs) Sampling of lubricating oils in internal combustion engines Sampling of liquefied petroleum gases Sampling of petroleum products; general information Determination of vapour pressure o liquid fuels by Reid method Determination of flashpoint of min
45、eral oils and other combustible liquids by the Abel-Pensky closed cup method Sampling of bituminous binders Petroleum products; determination of pour point Petroleum liquids; manual sampling Standard Practice for manual sampling of petroleum and petroleum products Other relevant standard DIN 51 750
46、Pari 3 Sampling of pasty and solid petroleum products Previous editions DIN DVM 3651 = DIN 53651: 11.32; DIN 51 750: 11.52, 10.61, 08.63 DIN 51 750 Part 2: 01.72. 03.77. 03.84. Amendments The following amendments have been made to the March 1984 edition. a) When taking all-levels samples, the sample
47、 container is now to be filled to 70 to 90% instead of 90% of its capacity. b) Details of sampling petrol for the purposes of determining its vapour pressure have been included. c) The dimensions of sampling bottles and bomb-type samplers have been specified only by way of example. d) For the sampli
48、ng of hazard categories A I and A II products, only samplers shall be used which are provided with a lifting e) The standard has been editorially revised, arid the references to other standards have been updated. cord or rod made of anti-static material (cf. subclause 2.1 and l). Explanatory notes T
49、his standard has been prepared by Technical Committee 661 Prfung von Schmierlen, sonstigen &en und Paraffinen of the Fachausschu Minerall- und Brennstoffnormung of the Normenausschu Materialprfung (Material Testing Standards Com m ittee). Together with DIN 51 750 Part 1, this standard conforms in substance to IS0 3170 : 1988 and ASTM D 4057-88, except that this standard is broader in scope than IS0 3170 : 1988 and ASTM D 4057-88. International Patent Classification C 07 C 9/22 c 10 L 1/00 c 10 L 1/10 C 10 M 171/00 G O1 N 1/10 G O1 N 33/26 *) Obtainable from B
