1、February 2009DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 15No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.160!$V are in full
2、 accordance with basic standards on measurement of vibration emission; reflect the latest technical knowledge of methods of determining the vibration emission from the specific family of machinery under consideration; provide manufacturers with a standardized method for the determination and declara
3、tion of the vibration emission value(s) of their machinery; enable the user of the machinery or the member of an inspection body to compare the vibration emission values of different machinery and to verify the vibration emission values provided by the manufacturer. This European Standard provides r
4、equirements for the preparation of vibration test codes, including guidelines for the conditions under which the measurements shall be made (e.g. operating conditions). Information to be included in a typical vibration test code is summarized in Annex A. Vibration test codes based on this European S
5、tandard should define measuring procedures which provide accurate and reproducible results which are as far as possible in agreement with values measured under real working conditions. For determination of the magnitude of the vibration to be noted in the instruction handbook, this European Standard
6、 requires operating conditions enabling the determination of the 75-percentile of the vibration experienced at the operators position during the mode of operation causing the highest vibration. This European Standard applies to sitting and standing positions. It is applicable to all mobile machinery
7、 producing periodic or random vibration with or without transients. Rotational vibration is not dealt with in this European Standard. This European Standard contains sufficient guidance for designing an appropriate test for machinery for which no vibration test codes exist. It can also be used for t
8、he determination of vibration emission values of individual machines. This European Standard does not present limits or recommended vibration values. In general, the emission values should not be used for assessment of the health risk. This European Standard does not give any guidance or recommendat
9、ions for determination of human exposure to vibration and shock. NOTE For such information, reference is made to ISO 2631-1 and EN ISO 5349-1. 2 Normative references !The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cit
10、ed applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.“ EN 12096, Mechanical vibration Declaration and verification of vibration emission values !EN ISO 8041, Human response to vibration Measuring instrumentation (ISO 8041:2005)“ EN 3032
11、6-1, Mechanical vibration Laboratory method for evaluating vehicle seat vibration Part 1: Basic requirements (ISO 10326-1:1992) DIN EN 1032:2009-02 EN 1032:2003+A1:2008 (E) 7 ISO 2041:1990, Vibration and shock Vocabulary ISO 5347 (all parts), Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock pick-u
12、ps ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock Mechanical mounting of accelerometers ISO 5805:1997, Mechanical vibration and shock Human exposure Vocabulary ISO 16063 (all parts), Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European St
13、andard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2041:1990 and ISO 5805:1997 and the following apply. 3.1 vibration test code type-C standard relative to a specified family or sub-family or type of machinery, which gives all the information necessary to carry out efficiently the determination, declara
14、tion and verification of the vibration emission values, with the purpose of ensuring compatibility and allowing comparison of test results. NOTE Data produced using a vibration test code may be used as a means of warning of residual risk from vibration. 3.2 mode of operation task performed by a mobi
15、le machine, for which a vibration emission value is determined EXAMPLE travelling, towing, lifting, excavating 3.3 operating conditions parameters which affect the vibration emission of a mobile machine for a particular mode of operation EXAMPLE travelling speed, travelling surface, weight of load,
16、material being excavated 4 Basic standards This European Standard together with EN 12096 shall be considered as basic standards when preparing a vibration test code for mobile machinery. EN 12096 gives guidance on how to declare the vibration emission values of machinery, and specifies requirements
17、for verification of declared values. Those responsible for preparing a vibration test code for a specific family of mobile machinery shall follow the requirements of these two European Standards. 5 Description of a family of machines The family or type of machinery covered by the vibration test code
18、 shall be described unambiguously and in detail. In describing the configuration of the machinery, a vibration test code shall identify any additional equipment, e.g. tools, used in the operation of the machine under test and which may influence the vibration emission; specify the selection of optio
19、nal components, devices or sub-assemblies, e.g. tyres or seats, which may influence the vibration emission and which shall be used during the determination of vibration emission values. DIN EN 1032:2009-02 EN 1032:2003+A1:2008 (E) 8 It may be appropriate to divide a family of machinery into sub-fami
20、lies requiring different conditions of testing. 6 Characterization of vibration 6.1 Direction of vibration 6.1.1 Translational whole-body vibration transmitted to the human body is related to the appropriate directions of an orthogonal coordinate system (see Figure 1). The terminology commonly used
21、in biodynamics relates the coordinate systems to the human skeleton in a normal anatomical position. The directions are as follows: x-direction: back to chest, y-direction: right side to left side, z-direction: foot (or buttocks) to head. Key 1 Supporting surface NOTE For description of the directio
22、ns, see 6.1.1. Figure 1 Directions of the basicentric coordinate system for mechanical whole-body vibration influencing human beings 6.1.2 Translational hand-transmitted vibration from a steering wheel is related to the steering wheel as follows: x-direction: the radial direction, y-direction: the d
23、irection tangential to the rim of the steering wheel, z-direction: the direction orthogonal to both the x-direction and the y-direction. These directions are illustrated in Figure 2. DIN EN 1032:2009-02 EN 1032:2003+A1:2008 (E) 9 NOTE 1 For some machines, a steering control is used instead of a stee
24、ring wheel. In such cases the directions should be specified in the vibration test code. NOTE 2 If measurements are to be made also in controls other than those for steering (e.g. levers), the vibration test code should specify the directions. NOTE For description of the directions, see 6.1.2. Figur
25、e 2 Directions of measurement on steering wheels 6.2 Location of measurement 6.2.1 For whole-body vibration measurements, vibration should be determined as close as possible to the point or area through which the vibration is transmitted to the body. a) In the case where the exposed persons are sitt
26、ing, the transducer mounted in a semi-rigid disc (see 7.2) shall be placed on the surface of the seat such that the transducer is located midway between the ischial tuberosities of the seated person. For comfort reasons, it is acceptable if the centre of the disc is located slightly in front (up to
27、5 cm) of the ischial tuberosities. b) In the case where the exposed persons are standing on a driving or a working platform, the transducer shall be located with the operator standing as in Figure 1 with the transducer midway between the arches of the feet. NOTE Backrest vibration is not dealt with
28、in this European Standard. 6.2.2 For hand-transmitted vibration measurements, vibration should be determined as close as possible to the point or area through which the vibration is transmitted to the hand. Measurements on the steering wheel shall be carried out adjacent to the normal position of a
29、hand guiding the steering wheel. If the test code also requires measurements to be made on controls (e.g. levers), they shall be carried out as close as possible to the hand which touches the control in a normal way. 6.3 Magnitude of vibration The quantity used to describe the magnitude of vibration
30、 shall be frequency-weighted acceleration in m/s2, expressed as a root-mean-square (r.m.s.) value aw. Frequency weightings to be used are defined in 7.3. The acceleration awin accordance with this European Standard is defined as the r.m.s. value of the frequency-weighted acceleration signal aw(t): D
31、IN EN 1032:2009-02 EN 1032:2003+A1:2008 (E) 10 2/102d)(1=ttaTaTww(1) Requirements for the integration time T are given in 7.4. NOTE 1 Frequency analysis is recommended in order to check the validity of the measurements and to provide information for the improvement of designs. NOTE 2 The measurement
32、 of hand-transmitted vibration should be inspected for the effects of operator-induced movements and either these effects removed from the signal or a period selected for analysis which is free of these artefacts. 6.4 Multi-axial vibration measurements The measurements shall normally be made in thre
33、e directions. The following values shall be determined. For whole-body vibration: awx, awy, awz(2a) aw max= max1,4 awx, 1,4 awy, awz (2b) For hand-transmitted vibration: ahwx, ahwy, ahwz(3a) 212hwz2hwy2hwxhv/aaaa += (3b) where awx, awyand awz(for hand-transmitted vibration ahwx, ahwyand ahwz) are th
34、e r.m.s. values of the frequency-weighted acceleration in the x-direction, y-direction and z-direction, respectively. NOTE Where it is shown that there is a dominant direction, the vibration test code can specify that the vibration be measured in one direction only, which needs to be stated. For han
35、d-transmitted vibration, in this case the value ahvis the r.m.s. value of the weighted acceleration in that direction. A direction can be regarded as dominant when the r.m.s. value of the frequency-weighted acceleration in each of the other directions, in the case of whole-body vibration multiplied
36、by 1,4 for x- and y-directions, is less than 66 % of that in the dominant direction. 7 Instrumentation requirements 7.1 General Unless otherwise specified by the relevant vibration test code the dynamic range, sensitivity, accuracy, linearity and overload capacity of the vibration measuring system s
37、hall be in accordance with !EN ISO 8041“. Measuring equipment may comprise transducers (usually accelerometers), conditioning amplifiers and filters, telemetry set (optional), recorders and/or meters. !The tolerances of the vibration measuring instrumentation are specified in EN ISO 8041.“ DIN EN 10
38、32:2009-02 EN 1032:2003+A1:2008 (E) 11 7.2 Mounting of transducers Accelerometers shall normally be used for measurement of vibration emissions. The mounting of accelerometers shall be in accordance with ISO 5348 and the transducer manufacturers instructions. Transducers oriented in different direct
39、ions at a single measurement location shall be as close together as possible. Care should be taken to ensure, as far as practicable, that neither the mass of the measuring device and its fixture, nor any local resonances, affect significantly the measured value. The transducers used for the measurem
40、ent in the seat shall be mounted in a semi-rigid disc which is defined in EN 30326-1 and described as follows (see Figure 3). Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 Thin metal disc for accelerometer mount and added centre rigidity 2 Appropriate cavity for accelerometer(s) Figure 3 Design of a semi-rigid mo
41、unting disc The disc shall be as thin as possible and be of approximately 80 Shore-A to 90 Shore-A moulded rubber or plastic material. NOTE 1 For practical reasons, it is usually not possible to perfectly align the accelerometers in the disc with the directions of the basicentric coordinate system.
42、In a tolerance range within 15 of the appropriate directions the accelerometers can be considered as aligned parallel to these directions. The transducers used for the measurement at the feet of a standing operator shall be rigidly fixed on the working platform. If the working platform is covered by
43、 a resilient material, the transducers may be mounted in the middle of a rigid metal plate (about 300 mm 400 mm) with the operator standing on the plate. The transducers used for hand-transmitted vibration measurements on the steering wheel shall be mounted firmly to the steering wheel, for example
44、by using a threaded stud or clamp. The total mass of the accelerometers and mounting devices (stud or clamp) should not be more than 50 g (and preferably not more than 30 g). The mounting device should be selected to minimize the distance between the accelerometers and the vibrating surface of the s
45、teering wheel and the distance should not exceed 15 mm. NOTE 2 There are several problems in making repeatable measurements on a steering wheel. In particular, the measurement can be strongly affected by steering movements made by the operator. Care is needed to minimize these, e.g. by making the me
46、asurements during travelling on a straight course. NOTE 3 Tangling of signal carrying wires on the steering column can be eliminated by attaching the wires to a spoke on the steering wheel and trailing them to the centre of the wheel. Alternative mounting conditions or specific formed mounting discs
47、 or adaptors may be specified in the specific vibration test code. DIN EN 1032:2009-02 EN 1032:2003+A1:2008 (E) 12 7.3 Frequency weighting filter The frequency weighting filter used for the determination of the vibration value is composed of two parts: a) a band-limiting filter (band-pass filter), w
48、hich defines the cut-off at the low- and high-frequency corners of the weighting functions; b) a weighting filter defining the weighting of the acceleration signal in the frequency range 0,5 Hz to 80 Hz for whole-body vibration, 8 Hz to 1 000 Hz for hand-transmitted vibration. NOTE 1 For whole-body
49、vibration, if it has been established that the frequency range below 1 Hz is not relevant nor important, the vibration test code can limit the frequency range to 1 Hz to 80 Hz (for artificial testing, the test code can also specify a more limited frequency range than 1 Hz to 80 Hz). If a frequency range other than 0,5 Hz to 80 Hz is used, the cut-off corners of the band-pass filter should be adjusted accordingly. NOTE 2 The frequency weighting can be applied in the time domain or in the frequency domain. Th
