1、April 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS
2、13.230!$n|i“1758970www.din.deDDIN EN 14034-1Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds Part 1: Determination of the maximum explosionpressure of dust clouds (includes Amendment A1:2011)English translation of DIN EN 14034-1:2011-04Bestimmung der Explosionskenngren von Staub/Luft-Gemisc
3、hen Teil 1: Bestimmung des maximalen Explosionsdruckes vonStaub/Luft-Gemischen (enthlt nderung A1:2011)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 14034-1:2011-04Dtermination des caractristiques dexplosion des nuages de poussire Partie 1: Dtermination de la pression maximale dexplosion des nuagesde poussire (Am
4、endement A1:2011 inclus)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 14034-1:2011-04SupersedesDIN EN 14034-1:2004-12See start of applicationwww.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.pmaxpmaxpmax2903.11 DIN EN 14034-1:2011-04 A comma is used
5、 as the decimal marker. Start of application The start of application of this standard is 1 April 2011. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements. This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 305 “Potentially explosive atmospheres Explosion prevention and protecti
6、on” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Sicherheitstechnische Grundstze (Safety Design Principles Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 095-02-09 AA Kenngren fr Stube, Gase und Dmpfe. The DIN Standards corresponding to the
7、 International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 4225 DIN ISO 4225 ISO 6184-1 DIN EN 26184-1 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 14034-1:2004-12 as follows: a) specifications relating to the use of barium nitrate have been deleted. Previous editions DIN EN 14034-1:
8、2004-12 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 4225, Air quality General aspects Vocabulary DIN EN 26184-1, Explosion protection systems Part 1: Determination of explosion indices of combustible dust in air 2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14034-1:2004+A1 January
9、2011 ICS 13.230 Supersedes EN 14034-1:2004English Version Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds Part 1: Determination of the maximum explosion pressure pmaxof dust clouds Dtermination des caractristiques dexplosion des nuages de poussire Partie 1: Dtermination de la pression maxi
10、male dexplosion pmaxdes nuages de poussire Bestimmung der Explosionskenngren von Staub/Luft-Gemischen Teil 1: Bestimmung des maximalen Explosionsdruckes pmaxvon Staub/Luft-Gemischen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 July 2004 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 13 November 2010
11、. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
12、application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELE
13、C Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, N
14、etherlands, Norway, Poland,Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitati
15、on in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14034-1:2004+A1:2011: EEN 14034-1:2004+A1:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Test apparatus .64.1 General 64.2 Explosion vessel 64.3 Dust dispersion s
16、ystem (dust container, fast acting valve, connecting tube, dust disperser) 84.4 Ignition source 114.5 Control unit 114.6 Pressure measuring system 115 Dust sample . 116 Test procedure 127 Calibration and verification . 147.1 Calibration . 147.2 Verification 158 Safety precautions / instructions for
17、use . 159 Alternative test equipment / procedures 1610 Test report . 16Annex A (normative) Electro pneumatic valve . 17Annex B (normative) Dust disperser with 5 mm holes . 19Annex C (normative) 20 l sphere 23C.1 General . 23C.2 Test apparatus 23C.3 Test conditions . 23C.4 Test procedure 24C.5 Calcul
18、ation and correction of pmax25Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 94/9/EC“ 26Bibliography . 27 DIN EN 14034-1:2011-04 Introduction .4EN 14034-1:2004+A1:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14034-1:2004+A1:2011) has been
19、prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 305 “Potentially explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the
20、 latest by July 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all su
21、ch patent rights. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2010-11-13. This document supersedes EN 14034-1:2004. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Euro
22、pean Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This document includes a Bibliography. This document is one of a series of sta
23、ndards as listed below: EN 14034-1,Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds Part 1: Determination of the maximum explosion pressure pmaxof dust clouds; !EN 14034-2“, Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds Part 2: Determination of the maximum rate of explosion pres
24、sure rise (dp/dt)maxof dust clouds; !EN 14034-3“, Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds Part 3: Determination of the lower explosion limit LEL of dust clouds; EN 14034-4, Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds Part 4: Determination of the limiting oxygen concen
25、tration LOC of dust clouds. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greec
26、e, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. DIN EN 14034-1:2011-04 EN 14034-1:2004+A1:2011 (E) 4 Introduction This document specifies a method for experim
27、ental determination of the maximum explosion pressure of dust clouds. The maximum explosion pressure is the maximum value of the overpressure during explosions of explosive atmospheres in the explosion range of a combustible dust in a closed vessel. The measurement of the maximum explosion pressure
28、forms the basis for explosion protection by design and construction of equipment, protective systems and components to reduce the explosion effects. This maximum explosion pressure is a safety characteristic used for hazard identification and designing safety measures for the mitigation of destructi
29、ve effects of dust explosions. !deleted text“ DIN EN 14034-1:2011-04 EN 14034-1:2004+A1:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This document describes a test method for the determination of the maximum explosion pressure of dust clouds in a closed vessel under defined initial conditions of pressure and temperature. Thi
30、s method is not suitable for use with recognised explosives, like gunpowder and dynamite, substances which do not require oxygen for combustion, pyrophoric substances, or substances or mixtures of substances which may under some circumstances behave in a similar manner. Where any doubt exists about
31、the existence of hazard due to explosive properties, expert advice should be sought. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of t
32、he referenced document (including any amendments) applies. !EN 14460“, Explosion resistant equipment. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 dust small solid particles in the atmosphere which settle out under their own weight, but wh
33、ich may remain suspended in air for some time (includes dust and grit, as defined in ISO 4225) NOTE Generally maximum particle size will not exceed 500 m. 3.2 combustible dust dust able to undergo an exothermic reaction with air when ignited NOTE The terms “flammable” and “combustible” are used syno
34、nymously. 3.3 explosion pressure pex the highest overpressure occurring during an explosion of a dust cloud in a closed vessel 3.4 explosive atmosphere mixture with air, under atmospheric conditions, of flammable (combustible) substances in the form of gases, vapours, mists or dusts, in which, after
35、 ignition has occurred, combustion spreads to the entire unburned mixture 3.5 ignition delay tv time between the initiation of the dust dispersion and the activation of the ignition source 3.6 initial pressure pi the pressure in the explosion vessel at the moment of ignition DIN EN 14034-1:2011-04 E
36、N 14034-1:2004+A1:2011 (E) 6 3.7 initial temperature Tithe temperature in the explosion vessel at the moment of ignition 3.8 maximum explosion pressure pmax maximum overpressure occurring in a closed vessel during the explosion of an explosive atmosphere determined under specified test conditions an
37、d standard atmospheric conditions. (Maximum value of the explosion pressure pexdetermined by tests covering the explosible range of dust concentrations). 4 Test apparatus 4.1 General The standard test apparatus to determine the maximum explosion pressure pmaxof dust clouds is an explosion pressure r
38、esistant vessel of 1 m, as used for the determination of the maximum rate of explosion pressure rise (KSt-value) and the lower explosion limit of dust clouds as well as the limiting oxygen concentration of dust/air/inert gas mixtures. The main components of the test apparatus are explosion vessel; d
39、ust dispersion system; ignition source; control unit; pressure measuring system. NOTE The 20 l sphere apparatus is an alternative explosion vessel for these determinations (see annex C) 4.2 Explosion vessel The standard explosion vessel is an explosion pressure resistant, spherical or cylindrical ve
40、ssel in accordance with !EN 14460“ having a volume of 1 m. The aspect ratio of the cylindrical vessel shall be 1:1 10 % (see Figure 1). NOTE It is recommended that the explosion vessel be designed to withstand an overpressure of at least 20 bar. The apparatus shall be fitted with electrical and/or m
41、echanical cut-offs as far as possible to ensure that any openings in the vessel (e.g. main door, instrument ports, inlet or outlet) are properly closed before a test procedure can start. The apparatus shall also be equipped as far as possible to ensure that any residual pressure inside the vessel is
42、 vented before the vessel can be opened. DIN EN 14034-1:2011-04 EN 14034-1:2004+A1:2011 (E) 7 Key 1 Pressure sensor 5 Dust container 2 Chemical igniters 6 Fast acting valve 3 Inlet for purge air 7 Connecting tube 4 Dust disperser 8 Outlet for exhaust gas Figure 1 1 m vessel (schematic) DIN EN 14034-
43、1:2011-04 EN 14034-1:2004+A1:2011 (E) 8 4.3 Dust dispersion system (dust container, fast acting valve, connecting tube, dust disperser) The dust to be dispersed is charged into a dust container having a volume of 5,4 dm. Its aspect ratio is 3:1. It is designed to withstand an internal overpressure o
44、f at least 20 bar (see Figure 2). The dust container has an outlet at the base, through which the dust leaves the container. This outlet is closed by a fast acting valve activated by a blasting cap. The valve has a mushroom-shaped seal. The seal is held in position against the pressure in the dust c
45、ontainer by a small ring. The ring is destroyed by firing a blasting cap and the valve opens due to the pressure inside the dust container (see Figure 2). The valve shall be designed so that it opens in less than 10 ms. For alternative valves see annex A. The fast acting valve is connected to the si
46、de of the explosion vessel. The connecting tube between the fast acting valve and the dust disperser shall be not longer than 350 mm (see Figure 1). DIN EN 14034-1:2011-04 EN 14034-1:2004+A1:2011 (E) 9 Key 1 Dust container 5 Protective hood 2 Mushroom shaped seal 6 Protective hood 3 Seal housing 7 B
47、lasting cap 4 Support ring 8 Connecting tube Figure 2 Dust container with blasting cap activated valve as commonly used for explosion suppression (schematic; it is commercially available) DIN EN 14034-1:2011-04 EN 14034-1:2004+A1:2011 (E) 10 For dispersing the dust, a perforated semicircular spray p
48、ipe (dust disperser) is mounted inside the explosion vessel, concentric with its wall. The spray pipe, with an internal diameter of 21,7 mm1) is fitted with 13 holes of a diameter of 6 mm (incl. one hole in each end cap) which shall be located as shown in Figure 3 (see also Figure 1). For coarse, voluminous, fibrous or poorly flowing dust samples, it may not be possible to pr
