1、February 2008DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 13No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.160!$L=O“1412644ww
2、w.din.deDDIN EN 14253SupersedesDIN EN 14253:2004-02www.beuth.deMechanical vibration Measurement and calculation of occupational exposure to whole-body vibration with reference to health Practical guidance (includes Amendment A1:2007) English version of DIN EN 14253:2008-02 Mechanische Schwingungen M
3、essung und rechnerische Ermittlung der Einwirkung von Ganzkrper-Schwingungen auf den Menschen am Arbeitsplatz im Hinblick auf seine Gesundheit Praxisgerechte Anleitung (enthlt nderung A1:2007) Englische Fassung DIN EN 14253:2008-02 Document comprises 26 pagesDIN EN 14253:2008-02 2 National foreword
4、This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 231 “Mechanical vibration and shock” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). It is published in a consolidated version incorporating Amendment A1:2007. A draft of this Amendment has been published as E DIN EN 14253/A1:2007-06. The responsible German
5、 body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Akustik, Lrmminderung und Schwingungstechnik im DIN und VDI (Acoustics, Noise Control and Vibration Engingeering Standards Committee in DIN and VDI), Technical Committee NA 001-03-07-01 (NALS/VDI C 7.1) Ganzkrper-Schwingungen. 0w(8)in accorda
6、nce with VDI 2057-1. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in the EN are as follows: ISO 5348 DIN ISO 5348 ISO 16063-21 DIN ISO 16063-21 The national standards are given in Annex NA “Bibliography”. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 14253:2004-02 as fol
7、lows: a) Annex C has been included. Previous editions DIN 45671-2: 1987-09, 2001-12 DIN EN 14253: 2004-02 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock Mechanical mounting of accelerometers DIN ISO 16063-21, Methods for the calibration of vibration and sho
8、ck transducers Part 21: Vibration calibration by comparison to a reference transducer acceleration aFor a reference duration of T = 8 h, the daily vibration exposure A(8) is identical with the assessment EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14253:2003+A1 November 2007 ICS 13.160 Supe
9、rsedes EN 14253:2003 English Version Mechanical vibration - Measurement and calculation of occupational exposure to whole-body vibration with reference to health - Practical guidance Vibrations mcaniques - Mesurage et calcul de leffet sur la sant de lexposition professionnelle aux vibrations transmi
10、ses lensemble du corps - Guide pratique Mechanische Schwingungen - Messung und rechnerische Ermittlung der Einwirkung von Ganzkrper-Schwingungen auf den Menschen am Arbeitsplatz im Hinblick auf seine Gesundheit - Praxisgerechte Anleitung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 September 2003
11、 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 21 October 2007. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical refe
12、rences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member
13、 into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, La
14、tvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Br
15、ussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14253:2003+A1:2007: EEN 14253:2003+A1:2007 (E) 2 Contents Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions 5 4 Quantities to be evalua
16、ted.6 5 Preparation of the measurement procedure6 6 Measurement of vibration10 7 Measurement uncertainty 13 8 Calculation of the daily vibration exposure.15 9 Information to be reported.15 Annex A (informative) Examples of the calculation of daily vibration exposure .17 Annex B (informative) Some nu
17、merical examples of the determination of daily vibration exposure19 Annex C (informative) !Guidance on handling of transient acceleration artefacts due to intentional operator movements 21 Bibliography 24 DIN EN 14253:2008-02 Page EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14253:2003+A1:
18、2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 231 “Mechanical vibration and shock”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2008, and c
19、onflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2008. This document supersedes EN 14253:2003. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2007-10-21. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. Users of this EN
20、, prepared in the field of application of Article 137 (formerly 118a) of the EC Treaty, should be aware that standards have no formal legal relationship with Directives which may have been made under Article 137 of the Treaty. In addition, national legislation in the Member states may contain more s
21、tringent requirements than the minimum requirements of a Directive based on Article 137. Information on the relationship between the national legislation implementing Directives based on Article 137 and this EN may be given in a national foreword of the national standard implementing this EN. Accord
22、ing to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia
23、, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 14253:2008-02 EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 (E) 4 Introduction Occupational exposure to whole-body vibration can, in some circumstances, contribute to
24、 illness. The general requirements for measuring and evaluating whole-body vibration exposure are specified in ISO 2631-1. The aim of this European Standard is to provide practical guidelines to develop an effective strategy for evaluation of whole-body vibration exposure at the workplace. The use o
25、f the strategy described in this European Standard will lead to a realistic picture of the daily exposure of a subject and of the relevant uncertainties. The evaluation of vibration exposure can be broken up into a number of different stages: identifying a series of discrete operations which make up
26、 the subjects working pattern; selection of operations to be evaluated; establishing the r.m.s. acceleration value for each selected operation; evaluation of a typical daily exposure time for each operation identified; calculating the daily vibration exposure. DIN EN 14253:2008-02 EN 14253:2003+A1:2
27、007 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard provides guidelines for the measurement and evaluation of whole-body vibration at the workplace. This European Standard describes the precautions to be taken to make representative vibration measurements and to determine the daily exposure time for each opera
28、tion in order to calculate the daily exposure value standardized to an 8 h reference period. This European Standard provides a means to determine the relevant operations that should be taken into account when determining the vibration exposure. This European Standard applies to situations where peop
29、le are exposed to whole-body vibration at the workplace, transmitted through the buttocks for a seated person or through the feet for a standing person. This European Standard is restricted to the evaluation of exposure to whole-body vibration using quantities derived from frequency-weighted root-me
30、an-square acceleration. The frequency range considered is 0,5 Hz to 80 Hz. Where the vibration includes shocks or impacts, methods in this European Standard may underestimate the severity of the exposure. There is a need to assess the risks arising from exposure to whole-body shocks and high crest f
31、actor vibration. Methods for this are beyond the scope of this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the
32、referenced document (including any amendments) applies. !EN ISO 8041, Human response to vibration - Measuring instrumentation (ISO 8041:2005)“ EN 30326-1, Mechanical vibration Laboratory method for evaluating vehicle seat vibration Part 1: Basic requirements (ISO 10326-1:1992) ISO 2631-1, Mechanical
33、 vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 1: General requirements ISO 5347 (all parts), Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock pick-ups ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock Mechanical mounting of accelerometers ISO 16063 (all parts), Methods for t
34、he calibration of vibration and shock transducers 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 operation identifiable activity for which a representative vibration magnitude measurement is made, being a combination of a type of wo
35、rk and a working condition EXAMPLE The type of work can be travelling for a lorry, lifting for a fork-lift truck, etc.; a working condition can be good or poor travelling surface, soft or hard material to excavate, etc. 3.2 work cycle operation or series of different operations, which is repeated DI
36、N EN 14253:2008-02 EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 (E) 6 4 Quantities to be evaluated There are two principal quantities to be evaluated for each operation i during exposure to vibration: The frequency-weighted acceleration in metres per second squared (m/s2), expressed as the root-mean-square (r.m.s.) values
37、 awifor each of the three axes at the supporting surface; the total duration per day Tiof vibration exposure for operation i. The daily vibration exposure Al (8), in m/s2, for each direction l is defined as: =iiwlillTaTkA201)8( (1) where awliis the frequency-weighted r.m.s. value of the acceleration
38、, determined over the time period Tikx= ky= 1,4 for the x- and y-directions; kz= 1 for the z-direction l = x, y, z T0is the reference duration of 8 h (28800 s) NOTE 1 The Physical Agents Directive 2002/44/EC allows an 8-h vibration dose value (VDV) instead of A(8). Where VDV is used, the Al(8) in th
39、is European Standard should be replaced by the daily vibration dose value in the l direction. The use of VDV instead of A(8) will generally result in a different evaluation of the health risk. NOTE 2 The values of klin the x- and y-directions are based on sensitivity of seated persons but the same f
40、actors should be applied for other postures, e.g. standing. NOTE 3 If it can be shown that there is clearly a dominant direction it is sufficient to measure only this direction. The individual contribution of an operation or work cycle i to the daily vibration exposure can be calculated as: 0)8(TTak
41、Aiwlilli= (2) 5 Preparation of the measurement procedure 5.1 General The vibration exposure of an individual during a working day may involve a series of different operations, some of which may be repeated. The vibration exposure may vary greatly from one operation to another, e.g. due to the operat
42、ors behaviour, the use of different machines or differences between the operations, or due to seasonal effects. Before making measurements, it is first necessary to identify the individual operations which are likely to contribute substantially to the overall exposure. The location and nature of eac
43、h operation should be defined accurately and the total duration associated with the individual worker during the single day should be quantified. A survey should be undertaken to establish an “exposure profile”. This will help to determine the likely relative importance of each type of operation in
44、the overall value of A(8), to identify those for which measurements are required, and to assist in the planning of any necessary exposure controls. The daily vibration exposure A(8) may be determined for a specific individual on a specific day. In some situations it may also be useful to calculate A
45、(8) for a notional “typical” days exposure, using carefully selected representative vibration measurements and carefully considered exposure duration values. There is no method for evaluating the DIN EN 14253:2008-02 EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 (E) 7 combined vibration exposure for more than one day. Ther
46、efore, to know what is a typical day when vibration varies from one day to another, it is recommended to evaluate the variability of the daily vibration exposure A(8) over days. However, it is not acceptable to determine A(8) by averaging over several days on which different levels of variation expo
47、sure have occurred. Representative days of measurement shall be selected with care if evaluation concerns the individual risk. In particular, variation in exposure due to equipment used, work condition, or environments, shall be evaluated. 5.2 Exposure profile The exposure profile is used to identif
48、y those operations which contribute to the overall value of A(8) and to define the conditions under which measurements are to be made. It is important to make measurements for all the machines and operations which may give a significant contribution to the daily vibration exposure. For each operatio
49、n identified, the following should be established: the machine being used; a full description of the operation (e.g. for a fork-lift truck: travelling or lifting or idling; for an excavator: digging or travelling; or a combination of these); operation conditions; nature of ground; state and tuning of the seat; the number of times the operation is performed per day; the average duration of the operation; if possible, the nature of the vibration (e.g. continuous, impulsive, shocks, principal direction, source). Iden
