1、DEUTSCHE NORM March 2001 Bitumen, plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofing Determination of water vapour transmission properties English version of DIN EN 1931 DIN EN 1931 - ICs 91.1 00.50 Abdichtungsbahnen - Bitumen-, Kunststoff- und Elastomerbahnen fr Dachabdichtungen - Bestimmung der Wass
2、erdampfdurchlssigkeit Supersedes parts of DIN 16726, December 1986 edition. European Standard EN 1931 : 2000 has the status of a DIN Standard. A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by CEN/TC 254 Flexible sheets for waterproofing (Secretariat: United
3、 Kingdom). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee), Technical Committee 02.09.00 Abdichfungsbahnen. DIN EN 12591 is the standard corresponding to International Standard EN 12591 referred to in claus
4、e 2 of the EN. Amendments Parts of DIN 16726, December 1986 edition, have been superseded by the specifications of EN 1931. Previous editions DIN 16726: 1986-1 2; DIN 16730: 1976-05; DIN 16731 : 1976-05; DIN 16732-1 : 1976-05; DIN 16732-2: 1976-05; DIN 16734: 1979-1 2; DIN 16935: 1971 -05; DIN 16937
5、: 1971 -05; DIN 16938: 1971 -05. EN comprises 11 pages. No pari of this standard may be reproduced without the prior permission of Y Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany, s the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). Ref. No. DIN EN
6、 1931 : 2001-0 English price group O7 Sales No. 1107 08.01 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1931 July 2000 ICs 91.100.50 English version Flexible sheets for waterproofing Determination of water vapour transmission properties Bitumen, plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofi
7、ng Feuilles souples dtanchit - Feuilles dtanchit de toiture bitumineuses, plastiques et lastom- res - Dtermination des proprits de transmission de la vapeur deau Abdichtungsbahnen - Bitumen-, Kunststoff- und Elastomerbahnen fr Dachabdichtungen - Bestimmung der Wasserdampfdurchlssigkeit This European
8、 Standard was approved by CEN on 2000-06-1 O. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning
9、 such national stand- ards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. The European Standards exist in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own lang
10、uage and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,
11、Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels O 2000. CEN - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for
12、CEN national members. Ref. No. EN 1931 : 2000 E Page 2 EN 1931 : 2000 Contents Foreword Introduction 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Definitions 4 Principle 5 Apparatus 6 Sampling 7 Preparation of test specimens 8 Procedure 9 10 Test report Bibliography Expression of results and precision of test m
13、ethod Page 2 3 3 3 4 5 5 7 7 8 9 10 11 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CENTTC 254 “Flexible sheets for waterproofing“, the secretanat of which is held by BSI, This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
14、 identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2001. According to the CENCENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Europea
15、n Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Page 3 EN 1931 : 2000 Introduction This draft European Standard has been prepared by the Tec
16、hnical Committee CENiTC 254 to determine the water vapour transmission properties of flexible sheets for waterproofing. This standard has been prepared for applications in roofing but it may also be used in other areas where it is relevant. This standard is intended for characterisation of flexible
17、sheets for waterproofing as manufactured or supplied before use. This standard relates exclusively to products and not to waterproofing membrane systems composed of such products and installed in the works. 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the water vapour t
18、ransmission properties and for the calculation of the density of moisture flow rate g and of the moisture resistance factor ,u of waterproofing sheets. It is applicable to factory made bitumen, plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofing. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporat
19、es by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of these publications apply to this draft European S
20、tandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. prEN 13416:1998 Flexible sheets for waterproofing - Bitumen, plastic and rubber sheets for roof waterproofing - Rules for sampling. EN 12591 Bitumen and bi
21、tuminous binders - Specifications of paving grade bitumen Page 4 EN 1931 : 2000 3 Definitions For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 Density of moisture flow rate: The mass of water vapour transmitted through a unit area of the sheet of specified thickness in a unit t
22、ime under specified conditions of temperature and humidity, quantity defined by the following relation: Am g=- AxAt Where A is the exposed area of the test specimen in mz and At is the time interval between two corresponding weighings of the test assembly in s. 3.2 Moisture permeance: Quantity defin
23、ed by the following relation: where pl and p2 are ambient partial vapour pressures at the two faces of the specimen during the test. 3.3 Moisture permeability: Quantity defined by the following relation: , = w, xd where d is the thickness of the test specimen in m. 3.4 Moisture resistance factor: Qu
24、antity defined by the following relation: where Arna is the moisture conductivity of air and may be calculated as given under 9.1. 3.5 Water vapour diffucion-equivalent air layer thickness: Quantity defined by the following relation: S, =pxd Where d is the thickness of the test specimen in m. Symbol
25、 g wP 4 P ma d Unit kg/( m2.s) kg/( m2.s. Pa) kg/(m.s.Pa) kg/( m.s.Pa) m Page 5 EN 1931 : 2000 4 Principle The test specimen is sealed to the open flange of a test cup containing a desiccant. The assembly is then placed in an atmosphere with a controlled temperature and humidity. When mass take-up i
26、s linear over a period of time, the assembly is weighed periodically to determine the density of moisture flow rate through the test specimen into the desiccant. Due to the nature of the bitumen, plastic or rubber sheets concerned, the test procedure given in this standard consists of two methods: 4
27、.1 Method A: test procedure for bitumen sheets. 4.2 Method 6: test procedure for plastic or rubber sheets. The technical content of the Standard is, where relevant, adapted to these parts accordingly (e.g. clause Preparation of test specimens). 5 Apparatus 5.1 Cups (Absorption atmosphere) Use cups o
28、f pure, cold drawn aluminium of 1 mm thickness, which guarantee a free test area of 0,005 m* , total weight of specimen-mounted cup and desiccant must not exceed capability of the analytical balance used (accuracy * 0.1 mg), as represented in figure 1. Dimensions in millimetres =100 I 1 Test specime
29、n 2 Desiccant Figure 1 - Aluminium cup with absorption atmosphere 5.2 Mechanical gauge to determine the thickness d of specimen to the nearest 0,05 mm. 5.3 Analytical balance, capable of weighing the specimen-mounted cup (5.1) with an accuracy of 5.4 Constant-temperature, constant-humidity chamber c
30、apable of maintaining a relative humidity of (75 + 2) Oh and a temperature of (23 i: 1)“C. Alternatively, use a room or chamber that can be maintained at (23 i 1)OC together with a desiccator containing a sodium chloride solution, saturated at 23 “G and containing a large excess of undissolved sodiu
31、m chloride. The relative humidity at the upper test specimen surface must be kept constant during test. An air movement of 0,02 m/s to 0,3 m/s in the vaporising atmosphere shall be produced by a propeller. 0.1 rng. Page 6 EN 1931 : 2000 C i Il 0280 i 300 O o r _ O m N 2 Dimensions in millimetres 8 I
32、- 1 1 side view of the propeller with blades 2 saturated salt solution with remaining solid at the bottom 3 125 holes 0 8 per plate Figure 2 - Evaporation atmosphere (example of installation; shown without cups) 5.5 Desiccator: for the transfer of test specimens. 5.6 Desiccant: Anhydrous calcium chl
33、oride with particles size of about 5 mrn in diameter, free of fines that will pass a 600 pm sieve. The relative humidity in the cup atmosphere shall not exceed 1 %. During the test period lhe total mass increase of desiccant shall not be greater than 1,5 g per 25 cm3. 5.7 Sealant: Sealing compound t
34、o create a vapour tight seal between the specimen and the cup (absorption atmosphere), e.g. extruded sealant, type Butyl or Polyisobutylene or bituminous binder, paving grade bitumen 35/50 according to EN 12591 Page 7 EN 1931 : 2000 1 2 3 1 Inner template 2 Sealing compound 3 Test specimen 4 Cup acc
35、ording to picture 1 Figure 3 - One arrangement for sealing 5.8 Template or sizing form: auxiliaiy device for the sealing procedure. If used during sealing procedure Only, then weigh the cup to the nearest 0,l mg. After weighing, shake the cup to mix the desiccant, then return the cup to the chamber.
36、 NOTE It is not necessary to place the cup in the transfer desiccator (5.5) if conditioning and testing are conducted in the same constant temperature and humidity rooms. Plot the measured mass against time at weekly intervals and terminate the test when four consecutive points, excluding the initia
37、l weighing, lie on a straight line with a deviation of at most 5 Yo. Having a variation in barometric pressure the cup may act as an “air ship“ caused by buoyancy. For materials with a low density of moisture flow raie (.e. lower than g = 5,7870 x 10 kg/(m2.s) it is necessary to perform weighings on
38、 the days with a similar barometric pressure (I 5 hPa). This is the best way to take account of the buoyancy effect caused by large day to day pressure variations. Page 9 EN 1931 : 2000 9 Expression of results and precision of test method 9.1 Expression of results Taking the reference into account b
39、eforehand, calculate the density of moisture flow rate, g , for every test specimen using the following equation. g=- *%I AxAt where: is the rate of mass change determined from the endpoints of the straight line graph in kg; Am2 I Am21=(m2 M)-(Rz RI) where rn, 1 ml : mR2, mR, : is the mass of the te
40、st assembly, in kg; is the mass of the reference assembly, in kg; A is the exposed area of the test specimen, in m*: At is the time interval between two corresponding weighings of the test assembly in s. The mean value and the standard deviation of the density of moisture flow rate, g , for the 3 te
41、st specimens shall be calculated. The moisture resistance factor, ,u, is given by the equation: where: d g Au is the mean value of the test specimen thickness in m; is the mean value of the density of moisture flow rate in kg/(mZ.s), as calculated above; is the moisture conductivity of air, dependin
42、g on barometric pressure and temperature, calculated by the following relation: 0,083 3600 Po T _II/ RDXT p 273 A“, = _ Where: RD T p po pi, pz are the water vapour pressures at the test specimen surfaces in Pa: sa is the gas constant for water vapour: 462 Nm/(kg.K); is the test temperature in K; is
43、 the mean barometric pressure during test in hPa, depending on location and weather; is the standard barometric pressure: 1013,25 hPa; is the mean value of air layer thickness in diffusion cup underneath the test specimen in m. (If the water vapour diffusion-equivalent air layer thickness sd 1 ,O m,
44、 su is not taken into account). Page 10 EN 1931 : 2000 Simplified calculation procedure For flexible sheets for waterproofing, sa is not taken into account, hence the relation to calculate j simplifies to: With g = - as described above. (Pi - P2) SXd AxAt P = A-, To ease the calculation of the moist
45、ure resistance factor, p , according to the simplified equation, on the relation of all the constants are combined to one constant equivalent to 1,97762 x for 23C. The equation 0,083 1.81 3600 POT 1,97762 x Am = - x - -1 simplifies to A, = RDXT p (273 P At the test condition of 75% R.H. a water vapo
46、ur pressure difference of A, = 2107 Pa results. Based on this pressure difference, the moisture resistance factor, p , is easily calculated having determined the mean barometric pressure, p , and the density of moisture flow rate, g , according to: 1,97762 x 2107 X- gxd P= P which simplifies to 4,16
47、68 x 10“ P= PXPd 9 2 Precision of test method The total uptake of moisture by the desiccant may not exceed 1,5 g per 25 cm3 during the measurement. The test procedure according to this standard is most applicable for density of moisture flow rate, g , of at least g=1,1574x IO“ kg/(mZ.s). If the test
48、 conditions are chosen appropriately (e.9. correction of barometric pressure, long test period, constant climate) this test procedure is still applicable for values of g =5,7870 x log kg/(m*.s). 10 Test report The test report shall include at least the following information: a) all details necessary
49、 to identify the product tested; b) a reference to this European Standard (EN 1931) and any deviation from it; c) information on sampling in accordance with clause 6; d) details of preparation of test specimens in accordance with clause 7; e) test procedure indicating method (A or 8) used and any deviation; f) the actual thickness of the test specimens - the test results of density of moisture flow rate, g , of each test specimen, the mean value and standard deviation - the moisture resistance factor , p ; in accordance with clause 9; g) the
