1、April 2016 English price group 32No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 53.020.99!%Q6“2469719www.din.deDIN
2、 EN 280Mobile elevating work platforms Design calculations Stability criteria Construction Safety Examinations and tests;English version EN 280:2013+A1:2015,English translation of DIN EN 280:2016-04Fahrbare Hubarbeitsbhnen Berechnung Standsicherheit Bau Sicherheit Prfungen;Englische Fassung EN 280:2
3、013+A1:2015,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 280:2016-04Platesformes lvatrices mobiles de personnel Calculs de conception Critres de stabilit Construction Scurit Examens et essais;Version anglaise EN 280:2013+A1:2015,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 280:2016-04SupersedesDIN EN 280:201402www.beuth.deDocu
4、ment comprises 110 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.04.16 DIN EN 280:2016-04 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements. This document (EN 280:2013+A1:20
5、15) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 98 “Lifting platforms” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (DIN Standards Committee Mechanical Engineering), Working Committee NA 060-22-21 AA Fahrbare Hubarbeits
6、bhnen of Section Frdertechnik. Representatives of manufacturers and users of mobile elevating work platforms, and of the employers liability insurance associations contributed to this standard. This standard contains specifications giving detail to the essential requirements set out in Annex I of th
7、e “Machinery Directive”, Directive 2006/42/EC, and which apply to machines that are either first placed on the market or commissioned within the EEA. This standard serves to facilitate proof of compliance with the essential requirements of that directive. Once this standard is cited in the Official
8、Journal of the European Union, it is deemed a “harmonized” standard and thus, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (“presumption of conformity”). The European Standards referred to in Clause 2 and in the Bibliography of the EN h
9、ave been published as the corresponding DIN EN or DIN EN ISO Standards with the same number. Where the International Standards referred to are not also DIN ISO Standards with the same number, there are no national standards available. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 280:2014-02 as follo
10、ws: a) comprehensive amendments have been made in Subclause 5.2.5.2 “Calculation methods”; b) Subclause 5.2.5.3.1 “Static strength analysis” has been modified; c) the verification of fatigue strength has been rendered more precise; d) Subclause 5.7.9 “Overriding of emergency stop and/or safety funct
11、ions/devices” has been modified; e) Subclause 5.11 “Safety devices” has been substantially amended; f) a new informative Annex H “Stress history parameters” has been added; g) a new informative Annex I “Fatigue assessment: Relationship between S classes in EN 13001-3-1 and B groups in DIN 15018” has
12、 been added; h) a new normative Annex J “Requirements for Performance Level d safety functions” has been added. Previous editions DIN EN 280/A1: 2004-10 DIN EN 280: 2001-12, 2010-02, 2014-02 DIN EN 280 Corrigendum 1: 2010-09 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 280:2013+A1 August 201
13、5 ICS 53.020.99 Supersedes EN 280:2013English Version Mobile elevating work platforms - Design calculations - Stability criteria - Construction - Safety - Examinations and tests Plates-formes lvatrices mobiles de personnel - Calculs de conception - Critres de stabilit - Construction - Scurit - Exame
14、ns et essais Fahrbare Hubarbeitsbhnen - Berechnung - Standsicherheit - Bau - Sicherheit - Prfungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 May 2013 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 27 June 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipu
15、late the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European S
16、tandard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the
17、national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
18、 Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any
19、 means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 280:2013+A1:2015 EEN 280:2013+A1:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 5 Introduction .6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 8 3 Terms and definitions .9 4 List of hazards . 14 5 Safety requirements and/or measures . 18 5.1 General . 18 5.2 St
20、ructural and stability calculations . 18 5.2.1 General . 18 5.2.2 Loads and forces 18 5.2.3 Determination of loads and forces 18 5.2.4 Stability calculations 21 5.2.5 Structural calculations . 35 5.3 Chassis and stabilisers 36 5.3.1 Chassis 36 5.3.2 Stabilisers 40 5.4 Extending structure 42 5.4.1 Me
21、thods to avoid overturning and exceeding permissible stresses: . 42 5.5 Extending structure drive systems . 45 5.5.1 General . 45 5.5.2 Wire rope drive systems 46 5.5.3 Chain drive systems . 48 5.5.4 Lead-screw drive systems . 49 5.5.5 Rack and pinion drive systems . 50 5.6 Work platform 50 5.7 Cont
22、rols . 53 5.8 Electrical equipment . 55 5.9 Hydraulic systems 56 5.10 Hydraulic cylinders . 58 5.11 Safety devices . 62 6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures 64 6.1 Examinations and tests 64 6.1.1 General . 64 6.1.2 Design check . 64 6.1.3 Manufacturing check 64 6.1.4 Tests . 65
23、6.2 Type tests of MEWPs . 70 6.3 Tests before placing on the market 70 7 Information for use . 70 7.1 Instruction handbook . 70 7.1.1 General . 70 7.2 Marking 74 Annex A (informative) Use of MEWPs in wind speeds greater than 12,5 m/s (Beaufort-Scale) . 77 Annex B (informative) Dynamic factors in sta
24、bility and structural calculations . 78 B.1 Stability calculations 78 B.2 Structural calculations . 78 DIN EN 280:2016-04 EN 280:2013+A1:2015 (E) 3 Annex C (normative) Calculation of wire rope drive systems 80 C.1 General . 80 C.2 Calculation of wire rope drive systems . 80 C.3 Calculation of rope d
25、iameters (coefficient c) . 81 C.4 Calculation of the diameters of rope drums, rope pulleys and compensating pulleys coefficient (h1 h2) . 81 C.5 Efficiency of wire rope drive systems . 84 Annex D (informative) Calculation example - Wire rope drive systems 86 D.1 Method used to determine the coeffici
26、ents and ratios used for 5.5.2 (wire rope drive systems) using the load cycle figures in 5.2.5.3 and operating speeds in 5.4.5 86 D.1.1 General . 86 D.1.2 Notes . 86 D.1.3 Annex C (normative) method summarised . 86 D.1.4 Calculation example 87 D.1.4.1 General . 87 D.1.4.2 Mode of operation (drive gr
27、oup) (see C.2 and Table C.1) . 87 D.1.4.3 Calculation of minimum rope diameter (see C.3) . 89 D.1.4.4 Working coefficients . 89 D.2 Calculation of the diameters of rope drums, pulleys and static pulleys . 89 Annex E (informative) Calculation examples - factor “z“, kerb test 92 Annex F (normative) Ad
28、ditional requirements for wireless controls and control systems 94 F.1 General . 94 F.2 Control limitation . 94 F.3 Stop . 94 F.4 Serial data communication . 94 F.5 Use of more than one operator control station 95 F.6 Battery-powered operator control stations 95 F.7 Receiver 95 F.8 Warnings 95 F.9 I
29、nformation for use 95 Annex G (normative) Dimensions of steps and ladders . 96 !Annex H “ (informative) Stress history parameters 98 H.1 Introduction 98 H.2 Guidance for selection of S class 98 H.3 Stress history parameters 99 H.3.1 General procedure . 99 H.3.2 Direct calculation of stress history c
30、lass . 100 H.3.3 Simplified method to determine stress history class 101 !Annex I “ (informative) Fatigue assessment: Relationship between S classes in EN 13001-3-1 and B groups in DIN 15018 . 103 !Annex J “ (normative) Requirements for Performance Level d safety functions . 104 J.1 General . 104 J.
31、1.1 Introduction 104 J.1.2 Performance Level d safety functions utilising category 2 architecture . 104 J.1.3 Performance Level d safety functions implemented by SIL 2 functions with a hardware fault tolerance of zero . 104 J.2 Requirements for unmonitored non-electrical parts of category 3 architec
32、tures 105 DIN EN 280:2016-04 EN 280:2013+A1:2015 (E) 4 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 106 Bibliography . 107 DIN EN 280:2016-04 EN 280:2013+A1:2015 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 280:2013+A1:2015) has b
33、een prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 98 “Lifting platforms”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2016, and conflicting national
34、standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document includes Am
35、endment 1 approved by CEN on 27 June 2015. This document supersedes !EN 280:2013“. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade
36、Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive. For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. !deleted text“ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countrie
37、s are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland
38、, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 280:2016-04 EN 280:2013+A1:2015 (E) 6 Introduction This standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situatio
39、ns and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines
40、 that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. The object of this European Standard is to define rules for safeguarding persons and objects against the risk of accidents associated with the operation of Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (MEWPs). This European S
41、tandard does not repeat all the general technical rules applicable to every electrical, mechanical or structural component. The safety requirements of this European Standard have been drawn up on the basis that MEWPs are periodically maintained according to manufacturers instructions, working condit
42、ions, frequency of use and national regulations. It is also assumed that MEWPs are checked for function daily before start of work and are not put into operation unless all required control and safety devices are available and in working order. If a MEWP is seldom used, the checks may be made before
43、 start of work. Furthermore it is assumed that persons on the work platform in case of power supply failure are not incapacitated and can assist in the emergency lowering. As far as possible this European Standard sets out only the requirements that materials and equipment need to meet in the intere
44、st of safety, and it is assumed that persons operating MEWPs are adequately trained. Where for clarity an example of a safety measure is given in the text, this does not need to be considered as the only possible solution. Any other solution leading to the same risk reduction is permissible if an eq
45、uivalent level of safety is achieved. As no satisfactory explanation could be found for the dynamic factors used for stability calculations in previous national standards, the results of the tests carried out by the former CEN/TC 98/WG 1 to determine a suitable factor and stability calculation metho
46、d for MEWPs have been adopted. The test method is described in Annex B (informative) as a guide for manufacturers wishing to use higher or lower operating speeds and to take advantage of developments in control systems. Similarly, to avoid the unexplained inconsistencies in coefficients of utilisati
47、on for wire ropes found in other standards for lifting devices, appropriate extracts of the widely accepted standard DIN 15020-1 have been taken into 5.5.2 and Annex C (normative) with a worked example in Annex D (informative). DIN EN 280:2016-04 EN 280:2013+A1:2015 (E) 7 1 Scope 1.1 This European S
48、tandard specifies safety requirements and measures for all types and sizes of Mobile Elevating Work Platform (MEWP, see 3.1) intended to move persons to working positions where they are carrying out work from the work platform (WP) with the intention that persons are getting on and off the work plat
49、form only at access positions at ground level or on the chassis. NOTE Machines designed for the handling of goods which are equipped with work platforms as interchangeable equipment are regarded as MEWPs. 1.2 This European Standard is applicable to the structural design calculations and stability criteria, construction, safety examinations and tests before MEWPs are first put into service. It identifies the hazards arising from the use of MEWP
