1、January 2009DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 14No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.110; 13.180!$UM(“15
2、04205www.din.deDDIN EN 547-2Safety of machinery Human body measurements Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for accessopenings (includes Amendment A1:2008)English version of DIN EN 547-2:2009-01Sicherheit von Maschinen Krpermae des Menschen Teil 2: Grundlagen fr die Bemessung
3、von Zugangsffnungen (enthlt nderung A1:2008)Englische Fassung DIN EN 547-2:2009-01SupersedesDIN EN 547-2:1997-02www.beuth.deDocument comprises 29 pagesDIN EN 547-2:2009-01 2 Start of validity This standard takes effect on 1 January 2009. DIN EN 547-2:1997-02 may be used in parallel until 28 December
4、 2009. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements within the meaning of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG) (German Equipment and Product Safety Act) and in connection with European legislation (EC Machinery Directive), which has been implemented by national legislation.
5、 This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany) taking into account the new revised EU Machinery Directive. The responsible German bodies involved in its preparation were the Normenausschuss Ergonomie (Ergonomics Standards Committee) and th
6、e Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (Mechanical Engineering Standards Committee), Joint Technical Committee NA 023-00-03 GA Anthropometrie und Biomechanik. This standard contains specifications meeting the essential requirements set out in Annex I of the “Machinery Directive”, Directive 98/37/EC, (valid
7、until 28 December 2009) and the “revised Machinery Directive”, Directive 2006/42/EC, which takes effect on 29 December 2009, and which apply to machines that are either first placed on the market or commissioned within the EEA. This standard serves to facilitate proof of compliance with the essentia
8、l requirements of the directives. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, it is deemed a “harmonized” standard and thus, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (“presumption of conformity”). Amen
9、dments This standard differs from DIN EN 547-2:1997-02 as follows: a) Revision of Annex ZA (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC”. b) Inclusion of Annex ZB (informative) “Relationship between this Europ
10、ean Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC”. Previous editions DIN 33402-4: 1986-10 DIN EN 547-2: 1997-02 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 547-2:1996+A1 September 2008 ICS 13.110; 13.180 Supersedes EN 547-2:1996 English Version Safety of machinery - Hu
11、man body measurements - Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings Scurit des machines - Mesures du corps humain - Partie 2: Principes de dtermination des dimensions requises pour les orifices daccs Sicherheit von Maschinen - Krpermae des Menschen - Teil 2: Grundl
12、agen fr die Bemessung von Zugangsffnungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 November 1996 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 14 August 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Stand
13、ard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French
14、, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, C
15、zech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EU
16、ROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008: EEN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Forewo
17、rd3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 General requirements5 4 Access openings .5 Annex A (normative) Application of the measurements in practice11 A.0 Introduction11 A.1 Principles for determining additional space.11 A.2 Additional space requirements for access openings 12 A.2.1 A
18、ccess opening for the upper body and arms (see 4.1)12 A.2.2 Access opening for the head up to the shoulders for inspection tasks (see 4.2) 12 A.2.3 Access opening for both arms (see 4.3) .12 A.2.4 Access opening for both lower arms up to elbow (see 4.4)12 A.2.5 Access opening to the side for one arm
19、 up to shoulder joint (see 4.5).13 A.2.6 Access opening for a lower arm up to the elbow (see 4.6) .13 A.2.7 Access opening for fist (see 4.7)13 A.2.8 Access opening for flat hand to wrist, including thumb (see 4.8)13 A.2.9 Access opening for flat hand (four fingers) to base of thumb (see 4.9) 13 A.2
20、.10 Access opening for index finger, restricted by the other fingers (see 4.10) .14 A.2.11 Access opening for one foot to ankle bone (see 4.11) 14 A.2.12 Access opening for forefoot operated controls (see 4.12)14 Annex B (informative) Position of access openings .15 B.1 This Annex gives information
21、on the position of access openings to facilitate access for the intended user population. 15 B.2 Provision for adjustability.15 B.3 Conditions to be met with in location of access openings .15 B.3.1 Access opening for the upper body and arms (see 4.1)16 B.3.2 Access opening for the head as far as th
22、e shoulders for inspection tasks (see 4.2) 17 B.3.3 Access opening for both arms (either forward or downward) (see 4.3) 18 B.3.4 Access opening for both lower arms up to the elbow, either forward or downward (see 4.4).19 B.3.5 Opening for access to the side for one arm up to the shoulder joint (see
23、4.5).20 B.3.6 Access opening for one lower arm up to the elbow (see 4.6).21 B.3.7 Access opening for fist (see 4.7)22 B.3.8 Access opening for flat hand to wrist, including thumb (see 4.8)22 B.3.9 Access opening for flat hand (four fingers) to base of thumb (see 4.9) 22 B.3.10 Access opening for ind
24、ex finger, restricted by the other fingers (see 4.10) .22 B.3.11 Access opening for one foot to ankle bone (see 4.11) 22 B.3.12 Access opening for forefoot operated controls (see 4.12)22 Annex C (informative) Notations for dimensions and anthropometric body measurements .23 Annex ZA (informative) !R
25、elationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC“ .25 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“.26 Bibliography 27 DIN EN 547-2:2009-01 EN 547-2
26、:1996+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endo
27、rsement, at the latest by March 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-08-14. This document supersedes EN 547-2:1996. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is in
28、dicated in the text by tags ! “. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB
29、, which are integral parts of this document.“ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germa
30、ny, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. DIN EN 547-2:2009-01 EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard is one of severa
31、l ergonomics standards for the safety of machinery. EN 614-1 “Safety of machinery Ergonomic design principles Part 1: Terminology and general principles“ describes the principles designers should adopt in order to take account of ergonomic factors. This European Standard describes how these principl
32、es should be applied to the design of access openings. This standard has been prepared to be a harmonized standard in the sense of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA regulations. 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the dimensions of openings for access as applied to machinery as define
33、d in EN 292-1. It provides the dimensions to which the values given in EN 547-3 are applicable. Values for additional space requirements are given in annex A. This European Standard has been prepared primarily for non-mobile machinery, there may be additional specific requirements for mobile machine
34、ry. Dimensions for access openings are based on the values for the 95thpercentile, whereas reach distances are based on the values for the 5thpercentile, in each case the least favourable body dimension of the expected user population being used as a basis. The same considerations apply to the locat
35、ion of access openings. The anthropometric data given in EN 547-3 originate from static measurements of nude persons and do not take into account body movements, clothing, equipment, machinery operating conditions or environmental conditions. This European Standard shows how to combine the anthropom
36、etric data with suitable allowances to take these factors into account. Situations where people are to be prevented from reaching a hazard are dealt with in EN 294. 2 Normative references This European standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These nor
37、mative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated ref
38、erences the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 292-1, Safety of Machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology. EN 294, Safety of Machinery - Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs. EN 547-3
39、, Safety of Machinery Human body measurements Part 3: Anthropometric data. EN 614-1, Safety of Machinery - Ergonomic design principles Part 1: Terminology and general principles. DIN EN 547-2:2009-01 EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 (E) 5 3 General requirements Operations requiring reach through minimum access
40、 openings are likely to be less efficient, less safe and less healthy than working with unrestricted access. Therefore, before installing access openings other options should be considered, e.g. possibility to open machinery, withdrawal of parts for repair. This is particularly important where the t
41、ask demands frequent access. When access openings cannot be avoided the following criteria are of particular significance: a) Ease of access is influenced by: The demands of the task, e.g. posture, nature and speed of movement, lines of sight, application of force; The location of the access opening
42、 relative to the position of the person, e.g. convenient height above floor, within easy reach, sufficient space outside to allow adoption of a comfortable posture, sufficient space inside to allow performance of the task; Frequency and duration of task; Whether tools are being carried, e.g. for mai
43、ntenance or repair purposes; Length of access openings e.g. through a relatively thin wall (wall of a vessel) or through a channel type opening; Whether additional equipment such as personal protective equipment (including protective clothing), or portable lighting, is being carried or worn; The typ
44、e of clothing, e.g. light or heavy clothing, bare hands or thick gloves, bare headed or wearing a helmet; b) Environmental conditions (e.g. darkness, heat, noise, moisture); c) Level of risk during the task. Therefore, in addition to the anthropometric data in each case, allowances shall be provided
45、 for the respective opening dimensions and reach distances, taking into account the above criteria. The applications on how to apply this European Standard in practice is contained in Annex A concerning allowances and in Annex B concerning position of access openings. Annex C gives information on th
46、e use of notations for dimensions and anthropometric measurements. 4 Access openings An access opening is an opening through which a person can lean forward, reach forward, or extend the upper body, head, arm, hand, a finger or several fingers, leg or foot, to be able to carry out measures during wo
47、rk procedures, such as operating of control actuators, repair duties or monitoring of processes or displays. This European Standard does not specify optimum dimensions, but minimum dimensions for the size of the opening and maximum dimensions for reach. Wherever possible, the basic dimensions for th
48、e openings should be increased, and the maximum dimensions for reach should be decreased. DIN EN 547-2:2009-01 EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 (E) 6 No Notations Explanation of measurement 4.1 Access opening for the upper body and arms A a1x A = a1(P951) + x Opening diameter Elbow to elbow breadth Allowance 4
49、.2 Access opening for the head as far as the shoulders for inspection tasks A c3x This type of access should be avoided wherever possible A = c3(P95) + x Opening diameter Head length from tip of nose Allowance 4.3 Access opening for both arms (either forward or downward) A = a1(P95) + x B = d1(P95) + y C = t1(P5) 1) P95: 95thpercentile of the expected user population DIN EN 547-2:2009-01 EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008 (E) 7 A B C a1 d1 t1 x y Opening breadth Opening width Opening depth Elbow-to-elbow breadth Upper arm diameter Operating arm lengt
