1、June 2007DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 12No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 79.040!,y$S“9860148www.di
2、n.deDDIN EN 942Timber in joinery General requirementsEnglish version of DIN EN 942:2007-06Holz in Tischlerarbeiten Allgemeine AnforderungenEnglische Fassung DIN EN 942:2007-06SupersedesDIN EN 942:1996-06www.beuth.deDocument comprises 25 pages 09.07DIN EN 942:2007-06 2 National foreword This standard
3、 has been prepared by CEN/TC 175 “Round and sawn timber” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Holzwirtschaft und Mbel (Timber and Furniture Standards Committee), Technical Committee NA 042-01-14 AA Spiegelaus-schuss zum CEN/TC
4、175 und ISO/TC 218 Rund- und Schnittholz. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 942:1996-06 as follows: a) The title has been modified. b) Stairs have been excluded from the scope of this standard. c) Further terms and definitions have been included. d) Appearance classes J5 and J20, and addi
5、tional features (see table 1) have been included. e) Tables D.1 and D.2 have been added. f) The standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN 68360: 1957-07 DIN 68360-1: 1981-05 DIN 68360-2: 1981-05 DIN EN 942: 1996-06 EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 942March 2007ICS
6、 79.040 Supersedes EN 942:1996 English VersionTimber in joinery - General requirementsBois dans les menuiseries - Exigences gnrales Holz in Tischlerarbeiten - Allgemeine AnforderungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 January 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC In
7、ternal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN mem
8、ber.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members
9、are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switze
10、rland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 94
11、2:2007: EEN 942:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Basic principles .6 4.1 Appearance classes 6 4.2 Species .6 4.3 Density 6 4.4 Growth rings.6 4.5 Surface quality .6 4.6 Moisture content7 4.7 Finger-jointing, butt-joint
12、ing, edge-jointing and laminating .7 5 Classification of features 7 5.1 General7 5.2 Knots and knot clusters8 5.2.1 Types.8 5.2.2 Size8 5.2.3 Distribution.8 6 Remedial work9 6.1 Plugs and fillers .9 6.2 Requirements.9 Annex A (normative) Measurement of dimensions of finished pieces13 Annex B (inform
13、ative) Guide to moisture content in joinery 15 Annex C (informative) Guide to specifying timber in joinery16 C.1 information to be supplied16 C.2 Identifying characteristics, techniques or remedies and their acceptability with visible surfaces 16 Annex D (informative) The selection of timber species
14、 for use in joinery 18 D.1 General18 D.2 Aesthetic criteria18 D.3 Commercial criteria .18 D.4 Mechanical criteria.18 D.5 Durability criteria .19 D.6 Serviceability criteria.19 D.7 Workability criteria.19 Bibliography 23 EN 942:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 942:2007) has been prepared by Tech
15、nical Committee CEN/TC 175 “Round and sawn timber”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2007, and conflicting national standards sh
16、all be withdrawn at the latest by October 2007. This document supersedes EN 942:1996. This Standard is one of a package to be implemented on 2007.10.31. The Standards included in the Package are: Standard Number Title 1 EN 942 Revised Timber in joinery - General requirements 2 EN 13307-1 Timber blan
17、ks and semi-finished profiles for non-structural uses Part 1: Requirements 3 EN 14220 Timber and wood-based materials in external windows, external door leaves and external doorframes Requirements and specifications 4 EN 14221 Timber and wood-based materials in internal windows, internal door leaves
18、 and internal doorframes - Requirements and specifications Explanation Standards 3 and 4 rely on both Standards 1 and 2, and Standard 2 relies on 1. The revised EN 942 contains changes which directly affect standards 2, 3 and 4 and therefore must be available before they can be used effectively. NOT
19、E Following the completion of the Technical Enquiry for prEN 13307-2, Timber blanks and semi-finished profiles for non-structural uses Part 2: Production control, it has been agreed to remove this Standard from the package. As a result of the necessary changes it has been agreed to offer prEN 13307-
20、2 as a CEN/TS. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, I
21、reland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 942:2007 (E) 4 Introduction Commercial grades, i.e. the grade given to timber as a raw material, are not appropriate for referenc
22、ing in joinery specifications. This European Standard specifies the general grading requirements to be used to determine the characteristics and classify, by appearance, the quality of timber in joinery. This method is not appropriate for the purchase specification of timber. This standard provides
23、only recommendations for the moisture content of timber. Specific moisture contents are covered in the specific product standards. EN 942:2007 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the general requirements including in particular the grading and classification by appearance quality of timbe
24、r in joinery products or individual joinery parts. This European Standard is intended to be used at the time of manufacture of a product. However this Standard may be used to evaluate products at a later stage, but in these situations storage and service conditions, subsequent to manufacture, shall
25、be taken into account (surface checks). Where European product standards exist their timber requirements shall take precedence, unless an alternative improved specification is given as identified in Annex D. If reference to this European Standard is made the specific grade and requirements shall be
26、identified. This European Standard covers solid, finger-jointed, end-jointed, edge-jointed and laminated timber products. Matters relating to the influence of timber characteristics on strength and durability are not covered in this Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents
27、 are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 350-2, Durability of wood and wood-based products Natural durability of solid wo
28、od - Part 2: Guide to natural durability and treatability of selected wood species of importance in Europe. EN 844-3:1995, Round and sawn timber - Terminology - Part 3: General terms related to sawn timber EN 1310, Round and sawn timber - Method of measurement of features EN 13183-1, Moisture conten
29、t of a piece of sawn timber Part 1: Determination by oven dry method EN 13183-2, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber Part 2: Estimation by electrical resistance method EN 13183-3, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber Part 3: Estimation by capacitance method 3 Terms and definitions For t
30、he purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 844-3:1995 and the following apply. 3.1 joinery wood and wood-based products graded for non-structural use within a building NOTE These grading rules do not apply to wood-based panels covered by EN 13986. 3.2 concealed face face of
31、a joinery part which, after installation of the joinery is completed, is permanently concealed by other parts of the joinery product, by other parts or by other elements including sheet materials such as veneer, solid plastic or metal NOTE These faces may be visible before the product is installed.
32、EN 942:2007 (E) 6 3.3 semi-concealed face visible face of a joinery part which cannot be viewed when the product is in the closed position 3.4 visible face face of a joinery part which, after installation of the joinery is completed, is not permanently concealed or semi-concealed NOTE 1 An opaque pa
33、int finish, does not constitute concealment. NOTE 2 Faces which are visible when moving parts (e.g. shutters) are open are classified as semi-concealed. 4 Basic principles 4.1 Appearance classes Timber in joinery shall be classified by referencing a number of basic features which are given in Clause
34、 5 and summarised in Table 1. In addition, a number of other factors shall be taken into account and these are given in the rest of Clause 4. Any feature is accepted on a concealed face if the serviceability of the product is not impaired. 4.2 Species Timber in joinery shall be suitable for its inte
35、nded purpose. NOTE 1 Guidance on the specification of timber in joinery is given in Annex C and on the selection of timber species in Annex D. NOTE 2 Durability, a factor influencing the performance of timber, is covered by EN 335-2, EN 350-2, EN 460 and EN 351-1. NOTE 3 It should be noted that colo
36、ur variations occur within species as well as between sapwood and heartwood. Any special requirements for colour matching should be by prior agreement. NOTE 4 If two or more species are used in the same unit or sub-assembly, they should be selected to avoid differential movement resulting in distort
37、ion. 4.3 Density The density of timber used will have a significant effect on mechanical performances. Reference densities for common species are given in EN 350-2. 4.4 Growth rings Limits on growth rings are not specified within the grading rules. If the number and width of growth rings are to be s
38、pecified, the measurement method shall be the method given in EN 1310. NOTE Where the width and number of growth rings may affect the mechanical performance of a product or the fabrication of glued components (laminated profiles), reference should be made to the appropriate product standard. 4.5 Sur
39、face quality The surface of timber in visible faces shall be able to accept a coating system without any further operation other than light sanding. EN 942:2007 (E) 7 4.6 Moisture content The measurement of the moisture content of the timber in a product is applicable at the completion time of the p
40、roduct manufacture and prior to the application of any coating. The moisture content (percent) of the timber shall be in accordance with the relevant product standard or national requirements. NOTE 1 Where a relevant product standard or national requirement does not exist, the guidance on moisture c
41、ontent given in Annex B is recommended. The moisture content shall be estimated using, either the method described in EN 13183-2, or EN 13183-3. In the case of a dispute the method to be used shall be the method described in EN 13183-1 (Destructive method). NOTE 2 The more accurate method described
42、in EN 13183-1 is a destructive method and may not always be appropriate. 4.7 Finger-jointing, butt-jointing, edge-jointing and laminating Unless otherwise agreed, finger-jointing, butt-jointing and edge-jointing shall be permitted in classes J10, J20, J30, J40 and J50 according to Table 1 but shall
43、not be permitted in class J2 and J5, unless accepted by a product standard. The distance between the centres of finger-joints and butt-joints shall be at least 150 mm. Laminating sections in any class shall be permitted unless otherwise agreed. 5 Classification of features 5.1 General The appearance
44、 classes in Table 1 are independent of the species. The limits set in Table 1 for each feature relative to the specific class shall not be exceeded when a specific class is specified. The classification of features can be missed subject to the declaration of the class for each feature as given in Ta
45、ble D.1 (See example in Table D.2). Table 1 shows where and to what extent the presence of the following features shall be permitted at the time of handover, for the various classes of timber. NOTE 1 Handover relates to the time the joinery is supplied by the manufacturer to the first purchaser. NOT
46、E 2 The classes in Table 1 generally apply to visible faces. Unless otherwise specified semi-concealed faces, in the same product, may be graded up to two classes lower and concealed faces may be any lower class. The following features are identified in Table 1: - spiral grain; - slope of grain; - l
47、oose or unsound knots; - knots; - resin pockets; - bark pockets; - fissures, shakes; EN 942:2007 (E) 8 - exposed pith; - discoloured sapwood; - ambrosia beetle damage. Where remedial work on the part of the manufacturer is permitted in Table 1, it shall be carried out in accordance with clause 6. Th
48、e measurement of features shall be carried out in accordance with the general method given in EN 1310. NOTE See also the guidance given in C.2. The following features are generally not permitted : - reaction wood; - splits; - biological attack; - wane. 5.2 Knots and knot clusters 5.2.1 Types Knots a
49、nd knot clusters shall be limited in size and distribution, according to 5.2.2 and 5.2.3. Loose or unsound knots shall not be present except on concealed faces. When they occur on a visible face, the timber shall be repaired in accordance with clause 6. Arris knots shall comply with the requirements of both faces on which they appear. NOTE Arris knots may be impossible to repair unless extremely sound. 5.2.2 Size Unless otherwise specified in the relevant product standard or specification, the limit on size shall be expressed as a percentage of the overall wi
