1、November 2015English price group 12No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.060.60; 17.240!%GI“2365738www
2、.din.deDIN EN ISO 10704Water quality Measurement of gross alpha and gross beta activity in non-saline water Thin source deposit method (ISO 10704:2009);English version EN ISO 10704:2015,English translation of DIN EN ISO 10704:2015-11Wasserbeschaffenheit Bestimmung der Gesamt-Alpha- und der Gesamt-Be
3、ta-Aktivitt in nicht-salzhaltigem Wasser Dnnschichtverfahren (ISO 10704:2009);Englische Fassung EN ISO 10704:2015,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 10704:2015-11Qualit de leau Mesurage des activits alpha globale et bta globale des eaux non salines Mthode par dpt dune source fine (ISO 10704:2009);V
4、ersion anglaise EN ISO 10704:2015,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 10704:2015-11www.beuth.deDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 20 pages11.15 DIN EN ISO 10704:2015-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal
5、marker. National forewordThe text of ISO 10704:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147 “Water quality” and has been taken over as EN ISO 10704:2015 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible German body involved in its preparation
6、 was DIN-Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (DIN Standards Committee Water Practice), Working Committee NA 119-01-03 AA Wasseruntersuchung. Designation of the method: Measurement of gross alpha and gross beta activity in non-saline water Thin source deposit method (C 31): Method DIN EN ISO 10704 C 31 The D
7、IN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 3696 DIN ISO 3696 ISO 5667-1 DIN EN ISO 5667-1 ISO 5667-3 DIN EN ISO 5667-3 ISO 11929 DIN ISO 11929 ISO 80000-10 DIN EN ISO 80000-10 ISO/IEC 17025 DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025 DIN EN ISO 10704:2015-11
8、3 Expert assistance and specialized laboratories will be required to perform the analyses described in this standard. Existing safety requirements are to be observed. Depending on the objective of the analysis, a check shall be made on a case-by-case basis as to whether and to what extent additional
9、 conditions will have to be specified. This standard has been prepared by DIN-Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (DIN Standards Committee Water Practice) in collaboration with the Wasserchemische Gesellschaft Fachgruppe in der Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (Water Chemistry Society Division of the German
10、Chemical Society). It is part of the series Deutsche Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlammuntersuchung (German standard methods for the examination of water, waste water and sludge): Measurement of gross alpha and gross beta activity in non-saline water Thin source deposit method (C 3
11、1): Standard methods published as DIN Standards are obtainable from Beuth Verlag GmbH, either indi-vidually or grouped in volumes. The standard methods included in the loose-leaf publication entitled Deutsche Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlammuntersuchung will continue to be publis
12、hed by Beuth Verlag GmbH and Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH 13.280 English Version Water quality - Measurement of gross alpha and gross beta activity in non-saline water - Thin source deposit method(ISO 10704:2009) Qualit de leau - Mesurage des activits alpha globale et bta globale des eaux non salines - Mth
13、ode par dpt dune source fine (ISO 10704:2009) Wasserbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung der Gesamt-Alpha- und der Gesamt-Beta-Aktivitt in nicht-salzhaltigem Wasser - Dnnschichtverfahren (ISO 10704:2009 )This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 July 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/
14、CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Cent
15、re or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the
16、 official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherl
17、ands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. E
18、N ISO 10704:2015 EEUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMContentsPage Foreword .3 1 Scope .4 2 Normative references4 3 Symbols, definitions and units .5 4 Principle .6 5 Chemical reagents and eq
19、uipment .6 6 Sampling 7 7 Procedure 8 8 Expression of results 11 9 Interference control . 15 10 Test report . 15 Bibliography . 16 2DIN EN ISO 10704:2015-11 EN ISO 10704:2015 (E) European foreword The text of ISO 10704:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147 “Water quality” of the I
20、nternational Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 10704:2015 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
21、text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held res
22、ponsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Fin
23、land, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of
24、ISO 10704:2009 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10704:2015 without any modification. 3DIN EN ISO 10704:2015-11EN ISO 10704:2015 (E)WARNING Persons using this International Standard should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This International Standard does not purport to address all of th
25、e safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. IMPORTANT It is absolutely essential that tests conducted according to this International St
26、andard be carried out by suitably trained staff. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of gross alpha and gross beta activity in non-saline waters for alpha- and beta-emitting radionuclides. The method is applicable to raw and potable waters containing a small
27、quantity of dissolved matter. It can, after adaptation, apply to other kind of waters. The range of application depends upon the amount of dissolved material in the water and on the performance characteristics of the measurement equipment (background count rate and counting efficiency). 2 Normative
28、references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3696, Water for analytical laborat
29、ory use Specification and test methods ISO 5667-1, Water quality Sampling Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes and sampling techniques ISO 5667-3, Water quality Sampling Part 3: Guidance on the preservation and handling of water samples ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the co
30、mpetence of testing and calibration laboratories ISO 80000-10, Quantities and units Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) 4DIN EN ISO 10704:2015-11 EN ISO 10704:2015 (E) 3 Symbo
31、ls, definitions and units For the purposes of this document, the symbols, definitions, and abbreviations given in ISO 80000-10, and the following, apply. A activity of the calibration source Bq Aaactivity spiked in sample a, prepared for self-absorption estimation purposes Bq cAactivity concentratio
32、n Bq l1*Ac decision threshold Bq l1#Ac detection limit Bq l1,AAcclower and upper limits of the confidence interval Bq l1fa, faself-absorption factor of sample a for and , respectively mdmass of the deposit mg mpmass of the planchet mg mpdmass of the planchet and the deposit mg mpfmass of the planche
33、t and the filter mg mpfdmass of the planchet, the filter and the deposit mg r0, r0background count rate from the and windows, respectively s1ra, raself-absorption sample a count rate from the and windows, respectively s1rg, rgsample gross count rate from the and windows, respectively s1rs, rscalibra
34、tion count rate from the and windows, respectively s1t0background counting time s tgsample counting time s tscalibration counting time s U expanded uncertainty calculated by U = k u(cA) with k = 1, 2, Bq l1u(cA) standard uncertainty associated with the measurement result Bq l1V volume of test sample
35、 l , counting efficiency for and , respectively a, acounting efficiency of sample a for and , respectively alpha-beta crosstalk 5DIN EN ISO 10704:2015-11EN ISO 10704:2015 (E)4 Principle IMPORTANT Gross alpha and gross beta determinations are not absolute determinations of the sample alpha and beta r
36、adioactive contents, but relative determinations referred to specific alpha and beta emitters that constitute the standard calibration sources. In order to obtain a thin deposit directly on a planchet, the sample can be progressively evaporated to dryness at a temperature below about 85 C. Alternati
37、vely, for alpha determination, it can be concentrated via a coprecipitation, the filtered coprecipitate being measured on to the planchet (Reference 3). The gross alpha and gross beta activity of the deposit is measured by counting in an alpha- and beta-particle detector or counting system previousl
38、y calibrated against alpha- and beta-emitting standards. When suspended matter is present in a significant quantity, a filtration step is required and the gross alpha and gross beta activity can also be determined for the material retained on the filter. IMPORTANT Due to the ingrowth of radon daught
39、ers over time, the results are dependent on the time elapsed between sample preparation and measurement. For comparison purposes, it is recommended that the measurement be performed at the same time after the preparation of the sample. 5 Chemical reagents and equipment 5.1 Reagents All reagents shal
40、l be of recognised analytical grade and shall not contain any detectable alpha and beta activity, except for radioactive standards solutions. 5.1.1 Standard solutions 5.1.1.1 Alpha standard The choice of alpha standard depends on the knowledge of the type of radioactive contaminant likely to be pres
41、ent in the waters being tested. In general, this leads to a choice between naturally occurring and man-made alpha emitters. Commonly used standards of artificial alpha-emitting radionuclides employed for this purpose are 241Am solutions and 239Pu solutions. When 239Pu is used, the presence of 241Pu
42、as an impurity shall be taken into account as it leads to growth of 241Am in prepared standard solutions of sources. When 241Am is used, take into account the potential interferences of its gamma emission. NOTE An uranium compound of certified natural or known isotopic composition has one arguable a
43、dvantage, in that its specific activity can be calculated from established physical constants and isotopic abundance date which are independent of the calibration procedures of a particular organisation. However, an uranium compound of known isotopic composition is difficult to obtain. Furthermore,
44、since the energies of the alpha emissions from uranium isotopes are less than those from the artificial transuranic nuclides, the use of a uranium standard tends to give a high result for transuranic elements. 5.1.1.2 Beta standard The choice of beta standard depends on knowledge of the type of radi
45、oactive contaminant likely to be present in the waters being tested. As a natural material, 40K as potassium chloride, dried to constant mass at 105 C, can be used. Standard solutions of artificial beta-emitting radionuclides 90Sr90Y are commonly used. 5.1.2 Wetting or surfactant agents 5.1.2.1 Viny
46、l acetate 6DIN EN ISO 10704:2015-11 EN ISO 10704:2015 (E) 5.1.3 Volatile organic solvents 5.1.3.1 Ethyl alcohol 5.1.4 Water, complying with the requirements of ISO 3696, grade 3. 5.1.5 Specific reagents for alpha-emitting radionuclides co-precipitation 5.1.5.1 Ammonium hydroxide solution, c(NH4OH) =
47、 6 mol/l. 5.1.5.2 Nitric acid, concentrated, c(HNO3) = 15,8 mol/l. 5.1.5.3 Sulfuric acid solution, c(H2SO4) = 1 mol/l. 5.1.5.4 Iron carrier, solution of 5 mg of iron per millilitre. 5.1.5.5 Barium carrier, solution of 5 mg of barium per millilitre. 5.2 Equipment 5.2.1 Laboratory equipment for direct
48、 evaporation Usual laboratory apparatus to store and prepare the sample as specified in ISO 5667-3. A hot plate, an automatic evaporator or any other appropriate apparatus. 5.2.2 Special equipment for alpha-emitting radionuclide co-precipitation 5.2.2.1 Hot plate with stirring equipment 5.2.2.2 Infr
49、ared lamp 5.2.2.3 Vacuum filtration system 5.2.2.4 Filters, of pore size 0,45 m. 5.2.3 Planchet (counting trays) The planchet shall be lipped and of stainless steel. The diameter of the planchet is determined taking account of the detector diameter and source holder dimensions of the counter used. In the specific case of co-precipitation, an annular support is used to fix
