1、March 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 9No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 1
2、9.100!$n:-“1752310www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 15549Non-destructive testing Eddy current testing General principles (ISO 15549:2008)English translation of DIN EN ISO 15549:2011-03Zerstrungsfreie Prfung Wirbelstromprfung Allgemeine Grundlagen (ISO 15549:2008)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 15549:2011-03
3、Essais non destructifs Contrle par courants de Foucault Principes gnraux (ISO 15549:2008)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 15549:2011-03SupersedesDIN EN 12084:2001-06www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1303.11 DIN EN IS
4、O 15549:2011-03 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing” (Secretariat: JISC, Japan) in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France
5、). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 062-08-24 AA Elektrische und magnetische Prfverfahren. This document supersedes EN 12084:2001. Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN
6、12084:2001-06 as follows: a) the text of ISO 15549:2008 has been adopted without any modification as EN ISO 15549:2010. Previous editions DIN EN 12084: 2001-06 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 15549 December 2010 ICS 19.100 Supersedes EN 12084:2001English Version Non-destruct
7、ive testing - Eddy current testing - General principles (ISO 15549:2008) Essais non destructifs - Contrle par courants de Foucault -Principes gnraux (ISO 15549:2008) Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Wirbelstromprfung - Allgemeine Grundlagen (ISO 15549:2008) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 N
8、ovember 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be
9、 obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to t
10、he CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemb
11、ourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All right
12、s of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15549:2010: EContents Page Foreword 31 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions4 4 General principles4 5 Qualification of personnel.5 6 Purpose of examination and products to b
13、e tested.5 7 Measurement techniques5 8 Equipment 6 9 Preparation of equipment .7 10 Verification of equipment7 11 Preparation of the product to be tested 8 12 Examination8 13 Documentation.9 DIN EN ISO 15549:2011-03 EN ISO 15549:2010 (E) 2 Foreword The text of ISO 15549:2008 has been prepared by Tec
14、hnical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 15549:2010 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given
15、the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the s
16、ubject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12084:2001. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement t
17、his European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerla
18、nd and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15549:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 15549:2010 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 15549:2011-03 EN ISO 15549:2010 (E) 3 1ScopeThis International Standard defines the general principles to be applied to non-destructive eddy c
19、urrentexamination of products and materials in order to ensure defined and repeatable performance.It includes guidelines for the preparation of application documents which describe the specific requirements forthe application of the eddy current method to a particular type of product.2 Normative ref
20、erencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For datedreferences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document(including any amendments) applies.ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing Qualificati
21、on and certification of personnelISO 12718, Non-destructive testing Eddy current testing Terminology3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12718 apply.4 General principlesThe eddy current examination is based upon the induction of an electric
22、 current in a conducting material. Thequantity measured and analysed is related to the distribution of the induced currents. For alternating excitation,it is represented by a vector in the complex plane.The distribution of eddy currents in a material according to depth is governed by physical laws,
23、the density of thecurrents decreasing drastically with increasing depth. For high-frequency excitation, this decrease is anexponential function of depth.The following properties, alone or in combination, of the product to be tested influence the measured quantity: the conductivity of the material; t
24、he magnetic permeability of the material; the size and geometry of the product to be tested; the geometrical relationship between the eddy current probe and the product to be tested.More detailed information is obtained when the measured quantity is displayed in the complex plane.DIN EN ISO 15549:20
25、11-03 EN ISO 15549:2010 (E) 4 The following characteristics of the method represent advantages: the method does not involve any physical contact with the product; it does not need a coupling medium such as water; high throughput speeds can be used.5 Qualification of personnelIt is assumed that the e
26、ddy current testing will be performed by qualified and capable personnel. In order toensure that this is the case, it is recommended that personnel be certified in accordance with ISO 9712 orequivalent.6 Purpose of examination and products to be testedThe purpose of the examination can be one or mor
27、e of the following: to reveal discontinuities in the product which could affect its fitness for purpose; to measure the thickness of coatings or layers; to measure other geometric characteristics; to measure metallurgical or mechanical properties of the product; to measure the conductivity and/or pe
28、rmeability of the product; to sort products on the basis of any of the above-mentioned properties.Examples of products to be tested are conducting materials such as: tubes, profiles, bars or wire rods; components in the automotive and machining industries; forged or cast products; multi-layer compon
29、ents in the aircraft industry.Examples of the application of the method include: on-line testing in rolling mills, finishing lines or drawing lines; in-service inspection of heat-exchanger tubing; verification of the properties of mass-produced articles and semi-finished products; maintenance inspec
30、tion of aircraft; inspection of the surfaces of cylindrical holes formed in products.7 Measurement techniquesMeasurements can be static or dynamic, the latter requiring relative movement between the probe and theproduct to be tested.Scanning of the product to be tested can be performed manually or b
31、y the use of mechanized equipment whichprecisely controls the scan path.Commonly used measurement techniques are:a) Absolute measurement.The measurement of the deviation from a fixed reference point. The reference point is defined by acalibration procedure and can be generated by a reference voltage
32、 or coil. This technique can be used forDIN EN ISO 15549:2011-03 EN ISO 15549:2010 (E) 5 sorting a product into classes based on physical properties (such as hardness), dimensions or chemicalcomposition. It can also be used for the identification of continuous or gradually changing discontinuities.b
33、) Comparative measurement.The subtraction of two measurements, one of which is taken as a reference. This technique is normally usedto sort a product into classes.c) Differential measurement.The subtraction of two measurements made at a constant distance between the measurement locationsand on the s
34、ame scan path. This measurement technique reduces the background noise due to slowvariations in the product to be tested.d) Double differential measurement. The subtraction of two differential measurements. This measurement technique provides high-pass filteringof a differential measurement independ
35、ent of the relative speed between the probe and the product to betested.e) Pseudo-differential measurements.The subtraction of two measurements made at a constant distance between the measurement locations.8 Equipment8.1 Examination systemThe examination employs an eddy current instrument, one or mo
36、re probes and interconnecting cabling. Thiscombination, together with any mechanical equipment and peripheral units for data storage, etc., forms theexamination system.All essential parts of the system shall be defined in the relevant application document (see 13.2) or in a writtenprocedure agreed a
37、t the time of enquiry and order.Factors to be considered include: the type of material from which the product was manufactured, and its metallurgical condition; the shape, dimensions and surface condition of the product; the purpose of the measurement, e.g. detection of cracks or determination of th
38、ickness; the types of discontinuity to be revealed, and their position and orientation; the environmental conditions under which the examination is to be performed.8.2 Eddy current instrumentThe choice of eddy current instrument depends on the purpose of the examination. Of particular importance are
39、the adjustable parameters of the instrument, the range of such parameters and the form of the signal display.The instrument parameters which are relevant to the examination shall be described in the applicationdocument and characterized in accordance with applicable standards.8.3 ProbeThe choice of
40、probe depends on the purpose of the examination.The probe parameters which are relevant to the examination shall be described in the application document andcharacterized in accordance with applicable standards.DIN EN ISO 15549:2011-03 EN ISO 15549:2010 (E) 6 8.4 Reference test piecesAn eddy current
41、 examination requires the use of reference test pieces. Such test pieces contain known featureswhich can be used to set up the examination system, to make functional checks, to verify the capability of theexamination system and to provide calibration curves.Normally, the reference test piece shall b
42、e of the same material and in the same finished state as the product tobe tested.The equivalence of any alternative procedure shall be demonstrated.The features can take the form of: holes or notches with specified dimensions; natural or induced defects with known characteristics, e.g. cracks induce
43、d by fatigue cycling; a range of known coating thicknesses; a range of known material properties.The measurable characteristics of the features and the reference test pieces shall not change significantly withtime.9 Preparation of equipment9.1 Instrument settingsInstrument settings are derived from
44、knowledge of the purpose of the examination and the product to be tested.Some settings, e.g. filtering, phase and sensitivity, can be derived from the use of the reference test pieces.9.2 Probe settingsThe way in which the probe is mounted, centred and guided influence the effectiveness of the exami
45、nation.Changes in the probe clearance influence the sensitivity of the examination.A signal dependent on changes in the probe clearance can be used for dynamic control of the sensitivity.Where the examination is mechanized, the speed of the probe over the surface being examined and the scanpath shal
46、l be maintained throughout the examination within tolerance limits to be specified in the examinationprocedure.10 Verification of equipment10.1 Verification intervalsThe performance of the examination system shall be verified at specified intervals both on site and in thelaboratory. The verification
47、 shall be in accordance with applicable standards.10.2 Functional verificationFunctional checks shall be carried out at specified intervals, but at least at the beginning and the end of anexamination, and/or when parts of the equipment are exchanged, and/or when personnel are changed.DIN EN ISO 1554
48、9:2011-03 EN ISO 15549:2010 (E) 7 Once established, the operating conditions shall be maintained throughout the examination. An allowance fordrift shall be made, in accordance with applicable standards or with the examination procedure agreed at thetime of enquiry and order.Failure of this verificat
49、ion shall be recorded and all of the products examined since the previous successfulverification shall be considered as not having been examined.10.3 Preventive verificationThe frequency of this verification is typically once a year.Deviations and the corrective action taken shall be recorded.11 Preparation of the product to be tested11.1 Surface preparationThe surface condition of the product to be tested can affect the effectiveness of the examination.The effectiveness of the examination can be affected by:dirt;scale;
