1、December 2016 English price group 12No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 75.160.40!%R“2599147www.din.deD
2、IN EN ISO 18847Solid biofuels Determination of particle density of pellets and briquettes (ISO 18847:2016);English version EN ISO 18847:2016,English translation of DIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12Biogene Festbrennstoffe Bestimmung der Partikeldichte von Pellets und Briketts (ISO 18847:2016);Englische Fassun
3、g EN ISO 18847:2016,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12Biocombustibles solides Dtermination de la masse volumique unitaire des granuls et des briquettes (ISO 18847:2016);Version anglaise EN ISO 18847:2016,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12SupersedesDIN EN 15150:201201www.b
4、euth.deDocument comprises 21 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.01.17 DIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 18847:2016) has been prepared by Techn
5、ical Committee ISO/TC 238 “Solid biofuels” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” (Secretariat: SIS, Sweden). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committee Materials Testing), Working Committee N
6、A 062-05-82 AA Biogene Festbrennstoffe. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 14780 DIN EN ISO 14780 (at present at draft stage) ISO 16559 DIN EN ISO 16559 ISO 18134-1 DIN EN ISO 18134-1 ISO 18134-2 DIN EN ISO 18134-2 ISO 1813
7、5 DIN EN ISO 18135 (at present at draft stage) Amendments The standard differs from DIN EN 15150:2012-01 as follows: a) the content of EN ISO 18847 (based on EN 15150) has been adopted in full; b) the German translation of “solid biofuels” has been changed throughout the document from feste Biobrenn
8、stoffe to biogene Festbrennstoffe; c) references to EN Standards have been replaced by references to the relevant ISO Standards and have been updated, e.g. in Clauses 2 and 8; d) Clause 10 “Precision and bias” has been revised and supplemented; e) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous
9、editions DIN CEN/TS 15150: 2005-10 DIN EN 15150: 2012-01 DIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12 3 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography E DIN EN ISO 14780, Solid biofuels Sample preparation DIN EN ISO 16559, Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and descriptions DIN EN ISO 18134-1, Solid biofuels Determi
10、nation of moisture content Oven dry method Part 1: Total moisture Reference method DIN EN ISO 18134-2, Solid biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method Part 2: Total moisture Simplified method E DIN EN ISO 18135, Solid biofuels Sampling DIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12 4 This page is intenti
11、onally blank EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 18847 September 2016 ICS 75.160.10; 27.190 Supersedes EN 15150:2011English Version Solid biofuels - Determination of particle density of pellets and briquettes (ISO 18847:2016) Biocombustibles solides - Dtermination de la masse vo
12、lumique unitaire des granuls et des briquettes(ISO 18847:2016) Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung der Partikeldichte von Pellets und Briketts(ISO 18847:2016) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 August 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations whic
13、h stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This Eur
14、opean Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members a
15、re the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, R
16、omania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and
17、by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 18847:2016 EEuropean foreword .3Introduction 51 Scope . 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions . 64 Principle 65 Reagents 66 Apparatus . 76.1 General apparatus requirements 76.2 Apparatus for pellet testing . 76.3 Ap
18、paratus for briquette testing 87 Sample preparation . 98 Procedure 108.1 Procedure for pellets 108.2 Procedure for briquettes . 119 Calculation . 1110 Precision and bias 1210.1 General 1210.2 Repeatability 1210.3 Reproducibility 1211 Test report 12Annex A (informative) Stereometric volume estimation
19、 . 14Bibliography .17Contents PageDIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12 EN ISO 18847:2016 (E)2Foreword .4European foreword This document (EN ISO 18847:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 “Solid biofuels” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” the secretariat o
20、f which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2017. Attention is drawn to the pos
21、sibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 15150:2011. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards o
22、rganizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembou
23、rg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 18847:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18847:2016 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12 EN ISO 18847:2016 (
24、E)3 ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which
25、a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matt
26、ers of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This doc
27、ument was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all s
28、uch patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and do
29、es not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.
30、iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 238, Solid biofuels.DIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12 EN ISO 18847:2016 (E)4 IntroductionParticle density is a fuel parameter of pellets and briquettes which is often considered when describing the degree of compaction of the raw
31、 material used. Particle density can be highly specific for the respective type or species of biomass and thus, it also characterizes the materials general ability to be compacted. High particle density is often associated with high resistance to abrasion or low susceptibility towards fracturing dur
32、ing handling and storage. A high particle density also generally leads to reduced storage volume demands and to a lower filling level in combustion chamber at constant fuel mass flow. Particle density can also affect the heat transfer rate within the fuel and thus, it can have an impact on fuel igni
33、tion and on the dynamics of gasification.Apart from the buoyancy method which is described in this International Standard as reference method, larger particles (briquettes) are sometimes easier tested by simple stereometric means. For internal laboratory practices, such a procedure is also presented
34、 in Annex A. For small particles (pellets), this procedure is not recommended.DIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12 EN ISO 18847:2016 (E)5 1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the method for determining the particle density of compressed fuels such as pellets or briquettes. Particle density is not an abs
35、olute value and conditions for its determination have to be standardized to enable comparative determinations to be made.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, on
36、ly the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 147801), Solid biofuels Sample preparationISO 16559, Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and descriptionsISO 18134-1, Solid biofuels Determination of moistur
37、e content Oven dry method Part 1: Total moisture Reference methodISO 18134-2, Solid biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method Part 2: Total moisture Simplified methodISO 181352), Solid biofuels Sampling3 Terms and definitionsFor the purpose of this document, the terms and definition
38、s given in ISO 16559 apply.4 PrincipleBoth mass and volume of an individual particle or a group of particles are determined. The volume is measured by determining the buoyancy in a liquid. This procedure follows the physical principle that the buoyancy is equal to the mass of the displaced volume of
39、 a liquid. The apparent loss in mass between a measurement in air and a subsequent measurement in liquid marks its buoyancy. The volume of the test portion body is calculated via the density of the applied liquid.NOTE The particle density of briquettes could alternatively be estimated by stereometri
40、c means (see Annex A).5 Reagents5.1 Water with low content of ions, (e.g. drinking water quality) in a temperature range of 10 C to 30 C.1) To be published.2) To be published.DIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12 EN ISO 18847:2016 (E)6 5.2 A detergent named O-4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl-deca(oxyethylen),
41、 Octylphenoldecaethylen-glycolether, Polyethylenglycol-mono-p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl-ether.NOTE The exclusive use of this specific detergent with given characteristics allows to apply a fixed value for the density of the liquid (mixture with water) and ensures constant properties as wetti
42、ng agent. The detergent is traded for example under the name Triton X-100. The density at +20 C is 1,07 g/ml.5.3 Paraffin, with a melting point of 52 C to 54 C.6 Apparatus6.1 General apparatus requirementsA thermometer capable of reading to the nearest 1 C.6.2 Apparatus for pellet testing6.2.1 A bal
43、ance, having sufficient accuracy to determine the mass to the nearest 0,001 g.Due to the high sensitivity of the balance, the test rig shall be placed into a wind protection cabinet to allow undisturbed and immediate reading of the displayed values.6.2.2 A transparent glass beaker of about 200 ml fi
44、lling volume.6.2.3 A density determination rig placed on a balance.The rig consists of a bridge, which overstretches the weighing plate of the balance in order to prevent the balance from being loaded. The bridge is capable of carrying the glass beaker (6.2.2). Through a supporting frame with suspen
45、sion rods, a weighing dish (“submergence dish”) is hung into the glass beaker (Figure 1), which is filled with liquid (5.1). The dish shall be able to accommodate at least four pellets at once. Both the supporting frame and the submergence dish are directly loaded on the balance plate. The submergen
46、ce apparatus (the dish and the suspension) can be removed when loaded with pellets. Through the dish suspension, the submergence depth is always kept constant. The bottom of the submergence dish is perforated by openings, which are smaller in diameter than the diameter of the pellets. This perforati
47、on allows the liquid to fill the dish from underneath when it is submerged. If test portion material of low density is tested (below 1,0 g/cm3), a modified suspension having an inverted submergence dish is required; this is to force the pellets underneath the liquid surface and prevent them from flo
48、ating on top of the liquid. For the determination of the mass in air, it is useful to use a combined test rig where an additional upper weighing dish is fixed to the suspension (Figure 1).DIN EN ISO 18847:2016-12 EN ISO 18847:2016 (E)7 Key1 weighing plate of balance2 bridge3 perforated submergence dish (for weighing in water)4 dish (for w
