1、May 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 71
2、.040.20!$o)“1760696www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 4787Laboratory glassware Volumetric instruments Methods for testing of capacity and for use(ISO 4787:2010, Corrected version 2010-06-15)English translation of DIN EN ISO 4787:2011-05Laborgerte aus Glas Volumenmessgerte Prfverfahren und Anwendung (ISO 4787:201
3、0, korrigierte Fassung 2010-06-15)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 4787:2011-05Verrerie de laboratoire Instruments volumtriques Mthodes de vrification de la capacit et dutilisation(ISO 4787:2010, Version corrige 2010-06-15)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 4787:2011-05www.beuth.deDocument compris
4、es pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.2604.11 DIN EN ISO 4787:2011-05 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 48 “Laboratory equipment”, Subcommittee SC 6 “Laboratory a
5、nd volumetric ware” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 332 “Laboratory equipment”, the secretariats are held by DIN, Germany. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Laborgerte und Laboreinrichtungen (Laboratory Devices and Installations Standard
6、s Committee), Working Committee NA 055-01-08 AA Volumenmessgerte. DIN EN ISO 4787:2011 includes ISO 4787:2010, Corrected version 2010-06-15. This standard has been published in agreement with the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) Braunschweig and Berlin. The DIN Standards corresponding to
7、the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 384 DIN ISO 384 ISO 385 DIN EN ISO 385 ISO 648 DIN EN ISO 648 ISO 835 DIN EN ISO 835 ISO 1042 DIN EN ISO 1042 ISO 3507 DIN ISO 3507 ISO 3696 DIN ISO 3696 ISO 4788 DIN EN ISO 4788 ISO 4797 DIN EN ISO 4797 National Annex NA (
8、informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 384, Laboratory glassware Principles of design and construction of volumetric glassware DIN ISO 3507, Laboratory glassware Pyknometers DIN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods DIN EN ISO 385, Laboratory glassware Burettes DIN
9、EN ISO 648, Laboratory glassware Single-volume pipettes DIN EN ISO 835, Laboratory glassware Graduated pipettes DIN EN ISO 1042, Laboratory glassware One-mark volumetric flasks DIN EN ISO 4788, Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders DIN EN ISO 4797, Laboratory glassware Boiling flasks wi
10、th conical ground joints EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 4787 March 2011 ICS 17.060 Supersedes EN ISO 4787:2010English Version Laboratory glassware - Volumetric instruments - Methods for testing of capacity and for use (ISO 4787:2010, Corrected version 2010-06-15) Verrerie d
11、e laboratoire - Instruments volumtriques - Mthodes de vrification de la capacit et dutilisation (ISO 4787:2010, Version corrige 2010-06-15) Laborgerte aus Glas - Volumenmessgerte - Prfverfahren und Anwendung (ISO 4787:2010, korrigierte Fassung 2010-06-15) This European Standard was approved by CEN o
12、n 31 January 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards m
13、ay be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified
14、 to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, L
15、uxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All
16、rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 4787:2011: E2 Contents Page Foreword .3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions5 4 Summary of method 5 5 Volume and reference temperature5 5.1 Unit of volume5 5.2 Refer
17、ence temperature5 6 Apparatus and calibration liquid 5 7 Factors affecting the accuracy of volumetric instruments6 7.1 General6 7.2 Temperature .6 7.3 Cleanliness of glass surface.6 7.4 Quality of used volumetric instruments 7 7.5 Delivery time and waiting time .7 8 Setting the meniscus.7 8.1 Genera
18、l7 8.2 Meniscus of transparent liquids.7 8.3 Meniscus of opaque liquids8 9 Calibration procedure8 9.1 General8 9.2 Test room8 9.3 Filling and delivery 9 9.4 Weighing.10 9.5 Evaluation.10 10 Use.10 10.1 General10 10.2 Volumetric flasks (see ISO 1042)11 10.3 Measuring cylinders (see ISO 4788).11 10.4
19、Burettes (see ISO 385).11 10.5 Pipettes .12 Annex A (informative) Cleaning of volumetric glassware .13 Annex B (normative) Calculation of volume.14 Bibliography 24 DIN EN ISO 4787:2011-05 EN ISO 4787:2011 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 4787:2010, Corrected version 2010-06-15 has been prepared by Tec
20、hnical Committee ISO/TC 48 “Laboratory equipment” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 4787:2011 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 332 “Laboratory equipment” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status
21、 of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the s
22、ubject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 4787:2010. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implemen
23、t this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switze
24、rland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice DIN EN ISO 4787:2011-05 EN ISO 4787:2011 (E) The text of ISO 4787:2010, Corrected version 2010-06-15 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 4787:2011 without any modification. 1 Scope This International Standard provides methods for the testing, calibra
25、tion and use of volumetric instruments made from glass in order to obtain the best accuracy in use. NOTE Testing is the process by which the conformity of the individual volumetric instrument with the appropriate standard is determined, culminating in the determination of its error of measurement at
26、 one or more points. The International Standards for the individual volumetric instruments include clauses on the definition of capacity; these clauses describe the method of manipulation in sufficient detail to define the capacity without ambiguity. This International Standard contains supplementar
27、y information. The procedures are applicable to volumetric instruments with nominal capacities in the range of 0,1 ml to 10 000 ml. These include: single-volume pipettes (see ISO 648) without subdivisions; graduated measuring pipettes and dilution pipettes, with partial or complete subdivisions (see
28、 ISO 835); burettes (see ISO 385); volumetric flasks (see ISO 1042); and graduated measuring cylinders (see ISO 4788). The procedures are not recommended for testing of volumetric instruments with capacities below 0,1 ml such as micro-glassware. This International Standard does not deal specifically
29、 with pyknometers as specified in ISO 3507. However, the procedures specified below for the determination of volume of glassware can, for the most part, also be followed for the calibration of pyknometers. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the applicatio
30、n of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 385, Laboratory glassware Burettes ISO 648, Laboratory glassware Single-volume pipettes ISO 835, Laboratory glasswar
31、e Graduated pipettes ISO 1042, Laboratory glassware One-mark volumetric flasks ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods ISO 4788, Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders ISO/IEC Guide 99, International vocabulary of metrology Basic and general concepts
32、and associated terms (VIM) 4 DIN EN ISO 4787:2011-05 EN ISO 4787:2011 (E) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC Guide 99 apply. 4 Summary of method The general procedure is based upon a determination of volume of water, either contained
33、 in or delivered by the volumetric instrument. This volume of water is based upon knowledge of its mass under consideration of buoyancy and its tabulated density (gravimetric method). 5 Volume and reference temperature 5.1 Unit of volume The unit of volume shall be the millilitre (ml), which is equi
34、valent to one cubic centimetre (cm3). 5.2 Reference temperature The standard reference temperature, i.e. the temperature at which the volumetric instrument is intended to contain or deliver its volume (capacity), shall be 20 C. When the volumetric instrument is required for use in a country which ha
35、s adopted a standard reference temperature of 27 C (the alternative recommended in ISO 384 for tropical use), this figure shall be substituted for 20 C. 6 Apparatus and calibration liquid 6.1 Balance, with a resolution and standard deviation appropriate to the selected volume of the apparatus under
36、test (see Table 1). The resolution of the display, the standard deviation and the linearity of the balance will be a limiting factor in the accuracy of the measurements. The balance shall be calibrated with adequate accuracy (see 9.4). Table 1 Recommended balance Selected volume under testaV Resolut
37、ionmg Standard deviation(repeatability) mg Linearity mg 100 l 2 000 ml 0,1 1 10 100 0,2 1 10 100 0,2 2 20 200 aFor practical purposes, the nominal volume may be used to choose the balance. 6.2 Thermometer, to measure the temperature of the calibration liquid (water) with a measurement error of maxim
38、um 0,2 C for liquid volumes 1 000 ml and with a measurement error of maximum 0,1 C for liquid volumes W 1 000 ml. 6.3 Hygrometer, to measure the humidity in the test room with a measurement error of maximum 5 % within the humidity range of 35 % to 85 %. 5 DIN EN ISO 4787:2011-05 EN ISO 4787:2011 (E)
39、 6.4 Barometer, to measure the atmospheric pressure in the test room with a measurement error of maximum 1 kPa. 6.5 Calibration liquid, distilled or deionized water complying with ISO 3696, Grade 3 should be used for testing. 6.6 Receiving vessel, conical flask with ground joint, manufactured from g
40、lass, e.g. in accordance with ISO 4797. The nominal volume of the conical flask shall correspond to the volume of liquid to be measured. 7 Factors affecting the accuracy of volumetric instruments 7.1 General The same sources of error are, naturally, inherent both in calibration and use. In the forme
41、r, every attempt is made to reduce these errors to a minimum; in the latter, the care needed is dependent upon the degree of accuracy required. When the greatest possible accuracy is desired, the volumetric instrument should be used as closely as possible to the manner in which it has been calibrate
42、d. 7.2 Temperature 7.2.1 Temperature of the volumetric instrument 7.2.1.1 The capacity of the volumetric instruments varies with change of temperature. The particular temperature at which a volumetric instrument is intended to contain or deliver its nominal capacity is the “reference temperature” of
43、 the instrument (see 5.2). 7.2.1.2 A volumetric instrument which was adjusted at 20 C, but used at 27 C, would show an extra error of only 0,007 % if it is made of borosilicate glass having a coefficient of cubical thermal expansion of 9,9 106C1and of 0,02 % if it is made of soda-lime glass having a
44、 coefficient of cubical thermal expansion of 27 106C1. These errors are smaller than the limits of error for most volumetric instruments. It follows, therefore, that the reference temperature is of minor importance in practical use. However, when performing calibrations, it is important to refer to
45、the reference temperature. 7.2.2 Temperature of calibration liquid The temperature of the water used for the calibration shall be measured to 0,1 C. Corrections for differences in temperature from the reference temperature shall be applied in accordance with Annex B. 7.3 Cleanliness of glass surface
46、 The volume contained in, or delivered by, a volumetric instrument depends on the cleanliness of the internal glass surface. Lack of cleanliness results in errors through a poorly shaped meniscus involving two defects: incomplete wetting of the glass surface, i.e. the liquid surface meets the glass
47、at an arbitrary angle instead of forming a curve such that it meets the glass tangentially; a generally increased radius of curvature, due to contamination of the liquid surface reducing the surface tension. The ascending or descending liquid meniscus shall not change shape (i.e. it shall not crinkl
48、e at its edges). To ascertain whether a piece of glass apparatus is satisfactorily clean, it shall be observed during filling and dispensing. Additionally, an experienced operator can recognize the shape of an uncontaminated meniscus, in relation to its diameter. 6 DIN EN ISO 4787:2011-05 EN ISO 478
49、7:2011 (E) Lack of cleanliness causes additional errors with volumetric instruments used for delivery due to the film of liquid on the walls being irregularly distributed or incomplete, e.g. forming drops on the glass surface. Furthermore, chemical residues can introduce an error in the analytical result by contamination. Therefore, where volumetric instruments are fitted with ground stoppers, special attention shall be paid to cleaning the ground zone. NOTE Small residues of acid, for
