1、DEUTSCHE NORM Auaust 1999 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display Part 5: Workstation layout and postural requirements English version of DIN EN IS0 9241 -5 terminals (VDTs) (IS0 9241 -5 : 1998) DIN EN IS0 9241-5 ICs 13.180; 35.180 Ergonomische Anforderungen fr Brottigkeiten mit B
2、ildschirmgerten - Teil 5: Anforderungen an Arbeits- platzgestaltung und Krperhaltung (IS0 9241 -5 : 1998) European Standard EN IS0 9241 -5 : 1999 has the status of a DIN Standard. National foreword This standard has been published in accordance with a decision taken by CEN/CS to adopt, without alter
3、ation, International Standard IS0 9241 -5 as a European Standard. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschu Informafionsfechnik (Information Technology Standards Committee). DIN EN 29241 -2 and DIN EN 29241 -3 are the standards corresponding to International Stand
4、ards IS0 9241 -2 and IS0 9241 -3 respectively, referred to in clause 2 of the EN. National Annex NA Standards referred to (and not included in Normative references and Annex ZA) DIN EN 29241 -2 DIN EN 29241 -3 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals - Part 2: Guidance on
5、 task requirements (IS0 9241 -2 : 1992) Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals - Part 3: Visual display requirements (IS0 9241 -3 : 1992) EN comprises 28 pages. No pari of this standard may be reproduced without the prior permission of Ref. No. DIN EN IS0 9241-5 : 1999-
6、0 Y Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. wth Verlag GmbH, D-10772 Berlin, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen). English price group 12 Sales No. 11 12 02.00 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN IS0 9241-5 March 1999 ICs 13.1 80: 35.1 80 English ve
7、rsion Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 5: Workstation layout and postural requirements (IS0 9241 -5 : 1998) Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec terminaux crans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 5: Amnagement du poste de travail et exigence
8、s relatives aux postures Ergonomische Anforderungen fr Brottigkeiten mit Bildschirm- geraten - Teil 5: Anforderungen an Arbeitsplatzgestaltung und Krper- haltung (IS0 9241 -5 : 1998) (IS0 9241 -5 : 1998) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1998-09-26. CEN members are bound to comply with t
9、he CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national stand- ards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat
10、 or to any CEN member. The European Standards exist in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official ver
11、sions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardizat
12、ion Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels O 1999. CEN - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national members. Ref. No. EN IS0 9241 -5 : 1999 E Page 2 EN IS0 9241 -5 : 1999
13、Foreword International Standard IS0 9241 -5 : 1998 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 5: Workstation layout and postural requirements, which was prepared by ISO/TC 159 Ergonomics of the International Organization for Standardization, has been adopted b
14、y CEN/CS as a European Standard. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, and conflicting national standards withdrawn, by September 1999 at the latest. In accordance with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulation
15、s, the national standards organizations of the follow- ing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and
16、 the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IS0 9241 -5 : 1998 was approved by CEN as a European Standard without any modification. NOTE: Normative references to international publications are listed in Annex ZA (normative). Contents Page 1 Scope . 2 Normative refe
17、rences 3 Definitions 4 Guiding principles 4.1 General considerations . 4.2 Versatility and flexibility 4.3 Fit 4.4 Postural change . 4.5 User information . 4.6 Maintainability-adaptability Design requirements and recommendations . 5.1 General . 5.2 Postures . 5.3 Ease of adjustment . 5.4 Support sur
18、faces 5.5 Work chair 5.6 Additional support elements . 5.7 Layout of workstations within the work space . 5 4 4 4 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 12 12 14 17 18 6 Conformance . 19 Page 3 EN IS0 9241 -5 : 1999 7 Measurement . 19 7.1 Support surfaces 19 7.2 Safety and stability aspects of workstations . 20 7.3 Se
19、atheight . 20 7.4 Castors . 20 7.5 Layout of workstations within the workspace . 20 Annex A (informative) Anthropometric data needed for workstation design and selection 2 1 Bibliography 28 Introduction The purpose of this part of IS09241 is to promote and enhance performance and comfort while minim
20、izing risks to users safety and health. Users of visual display terminals (VDTs) in office work typically adopt a range of postures (seated with leaning, upright or reclining torso, standing or a combination of both). Workplaces which accommodate such usage can encourage movement, promote comfort an
21、d reduce physical, mental and visual problems. This part of IS0 9241 is intended for use by product and workstation designers and implementers. While drafting the text, the concept concerning the Frankfurt Plane was discussed but not included. The concept will be considered in a revision of this par
22、t of IS0 9241 in due course. Page 4 EN IS0 9241 -5 : 1999 1 Scope This part of IS0 9241 specifies ergonomic guiding principles which apply to the user requirements, design, and procurement of workstation equipment for office tasks using VDTs. In particular, the general principles and requirements sp
23、ecified in this part of IS0 9241 apply to the standards specifying technical design of furniture and equipment constituting the workplace. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this pari of IS0 9241. At the t
24、ime of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this pari of IS0 9241 are encouraged to investigate the possibility applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain reg
25、isters of currently valid International Standards. IS0 6385: 1981, Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems. IS0 9241 -2: 1992, Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 2: Guidance on task requirements. IS0 9241 -3: 1992, Ergonomic requirements for
26、 office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3: Visual display requirements. IS0 9241 -6:-l), Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 6: Guidance on the work environment. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of IS0 9241, the following def
27、initions apply. 1 ) To be published. Page 5 EN IS0 9241 -5 : 1999 3.1 angle of view angle between the line-of-sight and the line orthogonal to the surface of the display at the point where the line-of- sight intersects the image surface of the display IS0 9241 -3119921 3.2 anthropometry study and me
28、asurement of the physical dimensions of the human body 3.3 armrest support for the lower arms 3.4 back rest part of a work chair which provides support for the back 3.5 castor wheeled component on the bottom of furniture to facilitate appropriate movement on the floor surface 3.6 design reference po
29、sture posture specified for the purpose of workstation design to define relative positions and dimensions 3.7 deviation alteration from the neutral position 3.8 dynamic posture body position which changes, with relative movements of the limbs or other parts of the human body in relation to one anoth
30、er or with respect to a fixed object (such as a workstation) 3.9 extension movement that increases the angle between two adjacent bones: hand extension is the movement of the hand in the dorsal direction NOTE 3.1 O flexion movement that decreases the angle between two adjacent bones: hand flexion is
31、 the movement of the hand in the palmar direction NOTE 3.1 1 the mode of appearance by which reflected highlights of objects are perceived as superimposed on the surface due to the directionally selective properties of that surface Dorsal pertains to the back of the hand, palmar to the palm. Palmar
32、pertains to the palm of the hand. gloss CIE Publ. 17.4:1987: IEC 845-04-731 3.12 gloss unit measure for quantifying the gloss of a surface Page 6 EN IS0 9241 -5 : 1999 3.13 kyphosis convex curvature of the thoracic spine 3.14 intended user population group of human beings for which a product or a wo
33、rkstation is designed EXAMPLE 3.1 5 line-of-sight angle the angle between a horizontal line and the visual axis of the eye (the line connecting the point of fixation and the centre of the pupil) Male and female workers of South-East Asian origin aged between 45 and 65 years. 3.16 lordosis concave cu
34、rvature of the spine 3.17 lumbar region of the back between the thorax and the pelvis 3.1 8 popliteal of or pertaining to the back of the knee 3.19 posture overall position of the body, or body parts in relation to each other, with respect to the workplace and its components 3.20 reference plane sur
35、face designed to support the feet NOTE be used as a reference plane for the calculation of the height of support surfaces. If not otherwise indicated, the reference plane is the ground. Any other level higher or lower than the ground level may 3.21 static posture adoption of a body position which is
36、 fixed over time and where there is muscle contraction without motion 3.22 task analysis analytical process employed to determine the specific behaviours required of people when operating equipment or doing work NOTE The task analysis is not a risk assessment of the workplace according to legal requ
37、irements. 3.23 workplace arrangement of workstations allocated to one person to complete a work task 3.24 work space volume of space allocated to one or more persons in the work system to complete a work task Page 7 EN IS0 9241 -5 : 1999 3.25 worksurface surface on which equipment and task materials
38、 are used 3.26 workstation assembly comprising display equipment with or without a central processing unit, which may be provided with a keyboard and/or input device and/or software determining the operatorhachine-interface, optional accessories, peripherals and the immediate work environment 4 Guid
39、ing principles 4.1 General considerations Workplace design should be preceded by an analysis of the tasks that it is to support. Such an analysis should give information about the different tasks and sub-tasks which are performed and about the use of related equipment. It should also identify the re
40、lative priority given to different information sources within the users task with respect to placement of displays, equipment location and job aids. For example, in many data-entry tasks, viewing of the hard copy has greater priority than viewing of the display. The task analysis should include cons
41、ideration of a) major tasks and their inter-relationships: frequency, importance, position of visual objects, duration and type of use of all associated equipment and their interrelationships, (see IS0 9241 -2); b) the position and use of the hands: implications for posture, reach, and device manipu
42、lation by the relative positioning of VDT equipment and task materials, frequency, duration and complexity of movements. For the design and selection of workplaces for VDT office tasks the following five interrelated principles apply: - versatility-flexibility; - fit; - postural change; - user infor
43、mation; - maintainability-adaptability. The statements of this clause are intended to provide general principles and guidelines underlying the requirements and recommendations given in Clause 5. 4.2 Versatility and flexibility Workstations should enable the intended user population to perform a rang
44、e of tasks comfortably and efficiently. In addition, workstation design should be appropriate for the range of tasks to be performed at the workstation, taking into account user characteristics (e.g. keyboard skills, anthropometric variation and user preferences). It should also be dependent upon us
45、age times such that the longer the time spent at the VDT, the more important is the observance of good workstation design. 4.3 Fit Selection and design of furniture and equipment requires a fit to be achieved between a range of task requirements and the needs of users. The concept of fit concerns th
46、e extent to which furniture and equipment (work chairs, work surfaces, visual display units, input devices, etc.) can accommodate individual users needs. Good fit is needed for the intended user population including users sharing workstations and users with special needs, e.g. handicapped persons. F
47、it can be accomplished by furniture built for a specified use (or user), or be provided in a range of sizes and forms or by adjustability and combinations thereof. Page 8 EN IS0 9241 -5 : 1999 Since, except under special circumstances, workstations cannot be custom-made for individual users, some al
48、ternative forms of ensuring a good fit are required. The extent to which the workstation provides a good fit between the requirements of users and their work should be of primary consideration. 4.4 Postural change The workplace organization, the task and the furniture should encourage voluntary post
49、ural changes. Postures adopted by users and the need for changes in posture are very markedly influenced by work organization and in particular, task requirements. 4.5 User information The users should be informed why and how the furniture and other devices (e.g. support for the visual display unit) should be adjusted. Where specific skills are required for achieving a comfortable and efficient workplace, for example in adjusting work chair or worksurface heights or finding a satisfactory viewing distance, adequate user information and training in such skills should
