1、March 2013Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 15No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 9
2、3.020!$r_“1957960www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 22476-5Geotechnical investigation and testing Field testing Part 5: Flexible dilatometer test (ISO 22476-5:2012);English version EN ISO 22476-5:2012,English translation of DIN EN ISO 22476-5:2013-03Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung Felduntersuchungen Tei
3、l 5: Versuch mit dem flexiblen Dilatometer (ISO 22476-5:2012);Englische Fassung EN ISO 22476-5:2012,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 22476-5:2013-03Reconnaissance et essais gotechniques Essais en place Partie 5: Essai au dilatomtre flexible (ISO 22476-5:2012);Version anglaise EN ISO 22476-5:2012,
4、Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 22476-5:2013-03Together with DIN EN ISO 22476-7:2013-03supersedesDIN 4094-5:2001-06www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.DIN EN ISO 22476-4:2013-03 andDocument comprises 37 pages02.13 DIN EN ISO 22476-5:2013-03
5、2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 22476-5:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 341 “Geo-technical investigation and testing” (Secretariat: ELOT, Greece) in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 182 “Geotechnics”. The responsible
6、 German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 005-05-09 AA Baugrund, Feldversuche. Amendments This standard differs from DIN 4094-5:2001-06 as follows: a) the content of DIN 4094-5 has been allocat
7、ed to DIN EN ISO 22746-4, DIN EN ISO 22476-5 and DIN EN ISO 22476-7. Previous editions DIN 4094-5: 2001-06 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 22476-5 December 2012 ICS 93.020 English Version Geotechnical investigation and testing - Field testing - Part 5: Flexible dilatometer t
8、est (ISO 22476-5:2012) Reconnaissance et essais gotechniques - Essais en place - Partie 5: Essai au dilatomtre flexible (ISO 22476-5:2012)Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Felduntersuchungen - Teil 5: Versuch mit dem flexiblen Dilatometer (ISO 22476-5:2012) This European Standard was approv
9、ed by CEN on 25 November 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
10、 standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language
11、and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hun
12、gary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by
13、any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 22476-5:2012: EEUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Contents Page Foreword . 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references. 5 3 Terms, definitions and symbol
14、s . 5 3.1 Terms and definitions 5 3.2 Symbols and abbreviations 7 4 Equipment . 9 4.1 General 9 4.2 Dilatometer probe . 10 4.3 Pressure control and displacement measuring units 12 4.4 Connecting lines 12 4.5 Measurement and control accuracy . 12 4.6 Data logging 13 5 Test procedure . 13 5.1 Safety r
15、equirements . 13 5.2 Assembly of parts 13 5.3 Calibration of the testing device and corrections of readings 13 5.4 Uncertainties of measurement 14 5.5 Preparation for the sounding 14 5.6 Pocket drilling and device placing . 14 5.7 Test execution 15 5.8 End of loading 16 5.9 Back-filling of borehole
16、. 16 6 Test results . 16 6.1 Basic equations 16 6.2 Loading test 17 6.3 Constant pressure tests (procedure D) . 20 6.4 Uncorrected and corrected graphs 21 7 Test report . 22 7.1 General 22 7.2 Reporting of test results 22 7.3 Choice of axis scaling 24 7.4 Presentation of test results . 24 Annex A (n
17、ormative) Calibration and corrections 25 Annex B (normative) Performing the test 28 Annex C (normative) Field report and GFDT results 32 Annex D (normative) Accuracy and uncertainties . 34 Bibliography 35 2DIN EN ISO 22476-5:2013-03 EN ISO 22476-5:2012 (E) Foreword This document (EN ISO 22476-5:2012
18、) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 341 “Geotechnical Investigation and Testing , the secretariat of which is held by ELOT, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 182 Geotechnics . This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication
19、of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be
20、held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Selon le Rglement Intrieur du CEN/CENELEC, les instituts de normalisation nationaux des pays suivants sont tenus de mettre cette Norme europenne en application : Allemagne, Ancienne Rpublique yougoslave de Macdoine, Autriche, Belgique,
21、Bulgarie, Chypre, Croatie, Danemark, Espagne, Estonie, Finlande, France, Grce, Hongrie, Irlande, Islande, Italie, Lettonie, Lituanie, Luxembourg, Malte, Norvge, Pays-Bas, Pologne, Portugal, Rpublique tchque, Roumanie, Royaume-Uni, Slovaquie, Slovnie, Sude, Suisse et Turquie. “”3DIN EN ISO 22476-5:20
22、13-03 EN ISO 22476-5:2012 (E) IntroductionThe results of dilatometer tests are used for deformation calculations provided that the range of stresses applied in the test are representative of the stresses to be applied by the proposed structure. Local experience normally improves the application of t
23、he results. In addition, for identification and classification of the ground, the results of sampling (according to ISO 22475-1) from each borehole are available for the evaluation of the tests. Identification and classification results (ISO 14688-1 and ISO 14689-1) are available from every separate
24、 ground layer within the desired investigation depth (see EN 1997-2:2007, 2.4.1.4(2)P, 4.1(1)P and 4.2.3(2)P).4DIN EN ISO 22476-5:2013-03 EN ISO 22476-5:2012 (E) 1 ScopeThis part of ISO 22476 specifies the equipment requirements, execution of and reporting on flexible dilatometer tests.NOTE This par
25、t of ISO 22476 fulfils the requirements for flexible dilatometer tests as part of geotechnical investigation and testing according to EN 1997-1 1 and EN 1997-2 2.This part of ISO 22476 is applicable to tests in ground stiff enough not to be adversely affected by the drilling operation.This part of I
26、SO 22476 is applicable to four procedures for conducting a test with the flexible dilatometer.This part of ISO 22476 applies to tests performed up to 1 800 m depth. Testing can be conducted either on land or off-shore.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the
27、 application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including amendments) applies.ISO 10012, Measurement management systems Requirements for measurement processes and measuring equipmentISO 14688-
28、1, Geotechnical investigation and testing Identification and classification of soil Part 1: Identification and descriptionISO 14689-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing Identification and classification of rock Part 1: Identification and descriptionISO 22475-1, Geotechnical investigation and te
29、sting Sampling methods and groundwater measurements Part 1: Technical principles for executionEN 791, Drill rigs SafetyEN 996, Piling equipment Safety requirementsENV 13005:1999, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement3 Terms, definitions and symbols3.1 Terms and definitionsFor the pur
30、poses of this document, the following terms and definitions apply:3.1.1flexible dilatometercylindrical flexible probe which can be expanded by the application of hydraulic pressure or pressurized gas and which contains transducers for the measurement of the displacements of the flexible membrane and
31、 of the internal pressure5DIN EN ISO 22476-5:2013-03 EN ISO 22476-5:2012 (E) 3.1.2equipment for flexible dilatometer testcomplete equipment which is necessary to carry out a flexible dilatometer test: the probe, a hydraulic pump or high-pressure gas in bottles, a measuring unit and cables to connect
32、 the probe to the measuring unit and the hydraulic pump or the gas bottleNOTE The parts which are necessary to bring the flexible dilatometer probe to the testing point are not included.3.1.3dilatometer soundingwhole series of successive operations in a given borehole, i.e. forming dilatometer pocke
33、ts and performing dilatometer tests in them3.1.4dilatometer test pocketcylindrical cavity with circular cross-section drilled into the ground to receive the dilatometer probe3.1.5flexible dilatometer testprocess of expanding the flexible dilatometer so as to press the flexible membrane against the p
34、ocket wall and so measure the associated expansion as a function of pressure and time (see Figure 1)3.1.6nominal diameter of the pocketdiameter of the pocket at the time of application of the seating pressure3.1.7seating pressurepressure during the expansion of the dilatometer at which the dilatomet
35、er membrane contacts the pocket wall3.1.8pressure incrementfixed increase of pressure in the flexible dilatometer, according to a pre-determined programme and recorded in the control unitNOTE It can also be a decrement.3.1.9diametral pocket displacementdisplacement of pocket wall caused by an increa
36、se or decrease of any pressure3.1.10diameter increase/decreasechange in flexible dilatometer diameter and in pocket wall displacement caused by a pressure increment/decrement, and recorded in the measurement unit3.1.11flexible dilatometer curvegraphical plot of pressure versus the associated pocket
37、wall displacement3.1.12flexible dilatometer shear modulus, GFDTshear modulus calculated from the slope over various intervals of pressure and pocket wall displacement3.1.13flexible dilatometer modulus, EFDTYoungs modulus calculated from the slope over various intervals of pressure and pocket wall di
38、splacement3.1.14depth of testdistance between the ground level and the centre of the expanding length of the dilatometer measured along the borehole axis (see Figure 2)6DIN EN ISO 22476-5:2013-03 EN ISO 22476-5:2012 (E) 3.1.15operatorqualified person who carries out the test3.2 Symbols and abbreviat
39、ionsFor the purposes of this document, the symbols given in Table 1 apply.7DIN EN ISO 22476-5:2013-03 EN ISO 22476-5:2012 (E) Table 1 SymbolsSymbol Description Unita Membrane compression coefficient in variant B dilatometer mm.MPa1d Corrected pocket diameter mmd1Corrected pocket diameter at time t1m
40、md2Corrected pocket diameter at time t2mmdcCompression calibration cylinder diameter mmddExternal diameter of the dilatometer mmdrPocket diameter as read at the measuring unit mmdsNominal diameter of the pocket after application of the seating pressure mmEFDTYoungs Modulus of flexible dilatometer te
41、st MPaG1Loading shear modulus in procedure C MPaGFDTShear modulus of flexible dilatometer test MPaGLLoading shear modulus of flexible dilatometer test MPaGRReloading shear modulus of flexible dilatometer test MPaGUUnloading shear modulus of flexible dilatometer test MPaGURUnloading/reloading shear m
42、odulus of flexible dilatometer test MPakfCreep parameter mmLFDLength of the expanding part of the probe mmLgAxial distance between transducer or LVDT section and membrane clamping ringmmLdLength of the measuring segment of the dilatometer mmp Applied pressure after correction MPap1.1Constant full re
43、lief pressure for loops in procedure A MPap1Pressure at reversal point at first loop MPap2Pressure at reversal point at second loop MPap3Pressure at reversal point at third loop MPapmaxMaximum applied pressure during a test MPapmPressure loss associated with membrane stiffness MPapLiRange of applied
44、 pressure in loading phase no. i MPapRiRange of applied pressure in reloading phase no. i MPapUiRange of applied pressure in unloading phase no. i MPaprPressure as read at the measuring unit MPapsSeating pressure MPapyYield pressure during dilatometer test in procedure C MPat Time mint1Time 1 of a c
45、onstant pressure test mint2Time 2 of a constant pressure test minz Test depth mdrIncrease of diametral displacement of the pocket mmd Corrected increase of diametral pocket displacement mmprIncrement of applied pressure as read on the control unit MPap Corrected increment of applied pressure MPa Poi
46、ssons ratio 8DIN EN ISO 22476-5:2013-03 EN ISO 22476-5:2012 (E) 4 Equipment4.1 GeneralThe test with the flexible dilatometer is performed by the expanding of a flexible dilatometer membrane placed in the ground (see Figure 1). The pressure applied to, and the associated expansion of the probe are me
47、asured and recorded so as to obtain a stress-displacement relationship for the ground as tested.Key1 ground surface2 borehole wall3 pocket4 expanding dilatometer probep applied pressureA-A axial sectionB-B cross sectionFigure 1 Example of a flexible dilatometer test9DIN EN ISO 22476-5:2013-03 EN ISO
48、 22476-5:2012 (E) The equipment to carry out dilatometer tests shall consist of the components shown in Figure 2.Key1 setting rods (optional)2 displacement measuring unit (obligatory)3 pressure control unit (obligatory)4 pressure source (obligatory)5 signal cable (obligatory)6 pressure line (obligat
49、ory)7 sediment collection tube (optional)8 flexible dilatometer probe (obligatory)9 data logger (optional)z test depthFigure 2 Schematic diagram of flexible dilatometer equipmentNOTE Sometimes, setting rods are necessary to push the probe into a tight pocket. They also allow orientation of the instrument. They are also needed in case it becomes difficult to extract the probe at the end of the test and hammering out is required.Borehole d
