1、November 2016 English price group 8No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 81.060.30!%q#“2587800www.din.deD
2、IN EN ISO 23145-1Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Determination of bulk density of ceramic powders Part 1: Tap density (ISO 231451:2007);English version EN ISO 231451:2016,English translation of DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11Hochleistungskeramik Bestimmung der Dichte von ke
3、ramischen Pulvern Teil 1: Klopfdichte (ISO 231451:2007);Englische Fassung EN ISO 231451:2016,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11Cramiques techniques Dtermination de la masse volumique en vrac des poudres cramiques Partie 1: Masse volumique aprs tassement (ISO 231451:2007);Version ang
4、laise EN ISO 231451:2016,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11SupersedesDIN EN 7258:200606www.beuth.deDocument comprises st pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.11.16DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11 2 A comma i
5、s used as the decimal marker. National foreword The text of ISO 23145-1:2007 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206 “Fine ceramics” and has been taken over as EN ISO 23145-1:2016 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 184 “Advanced technical ceramics” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany). The responsible
6、 German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committee Materials Testing), Working Committee NA 062-02-91 AA Terminologie von Hochleistungskeramik und Prfung von monolithischen keramischen Werkstoffen und Pulvern. The DIN Standards corresponding to t
7、he International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 565:1990 DIN ISO 565:1998-12 ISO 3953 DIN EN ISO 3953 Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 725-8:2006-06 as follows: a) in Subclause 4.3 “Balance”, a recommendation for very fluffy powders has been included; b) in Su
8、bclause 4.5 “Tapping apparatus”, the recommendations for tapping stroke and tapping frequency have been modified; c) Clause 5 “Sampling” now also includes specifications for drying the test portions; d) Clause 6 “Procedure” has been revised; e) ISO 23145-1:2007 has been adopted. Previous editions DI
9、N EN 725-8: 1997-05, 2006-06 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 3953, Metallic powders Determination of tap density DIN ISO 565:1998-12, Test sieves Metal wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings (ISO 565:1990) EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME
10、EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 23145-1 April 2016 ICS 81.060.30 Supersedes EN 725-8:2006English Version Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Determination of bulk density of ceramic powders Part 1: Tap density (ISO 23145-1:2007) Cramiques techniques Dtermination de la mas
11、se volumique en vrac des poudres cramiques Partie 1: Masse volumique aprs tassement (ISO 23145-1:2007) Hochleistungkerami Bestimmung der Dichte von keramischen Pulvern Teil 1: Klopfdichte (ISO 23145-1:2007) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 March 2016. CEN members are bound to comply
12、with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Ma
13、nagement Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
14、status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, M
15、alta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 C
16、EN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 23145-1:2016 EEN ISO 23145-1:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 Foreword 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Principle . 5 4 Apparatus . 5 5 Sampling . 8 6 Procedure
17、. 8 7 Calculation . 9 8 Test report . 9 Bibliography . 10 DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11 EN ISO 23145-1:2016 (E) 3 European foreword The text of ISO 23145-1:2007 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206 “Fine ceramics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been t
18、aken over as EN ISO 23145-1:2016 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 184 “Advanced technical ceramics” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 20
19、16, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent right
20、s. This document supersedes EN 725-8:2006. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former
21、Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 23145-1:2
22、007 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 23145-1:2016 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11 Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is norm
23、ally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in t
24、he work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare
25、 International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some
26、 of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 23145-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics. ISO 23145 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fine c
27、eramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Determination of bulk density of ceramic powders: Part 1: Tap density Part 2: Untapped density DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11 EN ISO 23145-1:2016 (E)41 Scope This part of ISO 23145 specifies a procedure to determine the tap density of granulated o
28、r ungranulated ceramic powders by a constant-volume measuring method. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced d
29、ocument (including any amendments) applies. ISO 565:1990, Test sieves Metal wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings 3 Principle The mass of a known volume of the powder is determined after allowing it to fall freely into a stationary container, and then t
30、apping it under specified conditions until saturation of packing is reached. The mass of the powder divided by its volume after the test gives its tap density. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Cylindrical container, of stainless steel (see Figure 1) with a volume of 100 cm3and a diameter-to-height ratio of approxima
31、tely 1. 4.2 Sieve, as specified in ISO 565, with an aperture size of 0,71 mm. 4.3 Balance, with a precision of 0,1 g or 0,01 g. A balance with a precision of 0,01 g should be used for very fluffy powders, such as aerosil. 4.4 Ring (see Figure 1), which can be fitted to the top of the cylindrical con
32、tainer to increase its height. 4.5 Tapping apparatus, which permits the tapping of the ceramic powder in the cylindrical container and its ring. The tapping stroke should be (10 1) mm and the tapping frequency should be less than 180 taps/min. An example of the tapping apparatus is shown in Figure 2
33、. The cylindrical container shall not be tilted when it is tapped. DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11 EN ISO 23145-1:2016 (E)5 Key 1 ring, height 50 mm 2 cylindrical container, diameter 50 mm, height 51 mm Figure 1 Example of cylindrical container and ring DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11 EN ISO 23145-1:2016 (E)6
34、Key 1 ring 2 cylindrical container 3 tapping stroke, (10 1) mm 4 piston 5 guide bearing 6 (10 1) mm 7 cam Figure 2 Example of tapping apparatus DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11 EN ISO 23145-1:2016 (E)7 5 Sampling 5.1 In general, the powder should be tested in the as-received condition. In certain instance
35、s, the powder may be dried. If the powder is required to be dried, it should be dried at (110 10) C for at least 1 h and cooled to room temperature in a desiccator. If the powder contains volatile substances, it shall not be dried. NOTE If the powder is required to be dried, it is desirable that the
36、 powder be dried until below the weight loss rate of 0,1 %/30 min. 5.2 Should there be any treatment (e.g. drying) of the powder before measurement, it shall be recorded in the test report. 5.3 The test shall be carried out on three test portions. 6 Procedure 6.1 Weigh the empty cylindrical containe
37、r. 6.2 Place the ring on the top of the cylindrical container. 6.3 Pour the powder, which passed through the sieve, into the cylindrical container with the ring. 6.4 Place the cylindrical container with the ring, filled with the powder, on the tapping apparatus and tap it 1 000 times. During tapping
38、, pour the powder into the cylindrical container with the ring, to keep the surplus powder (20 to 30) mm higher than the height of the cylindrical container. 6.5 Remove the cylindrical container with the ring from the tapping apparatus, without any vibration. 6.6 Carefully remove the ring from the c
39、ylindrical container. 6.7 Remove the cone of surplus powder by gently drawing a straight-edge (see Figure 3) across the top rim of the cylindrical container. Dimensions in millimetres Figure 3 Example of a straight-edge 6.8 Weigh the cylindrical container and its contents. 6.9 Place the ring on the
40、top of the cylindrical container and pour the powder into the cylindrical container with the ring. Tap the container filled with the powder 100 times using the tapping apparatus. 6.10 Remove the ring from the cylindrical container and remove the cone of surplus powder by gently drawing a straight-ed
41、ge across the top rim of the cylindrical container. Weigh the cylindrical container and its contents. DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11 EN ISO 23145-1:2016 (E)86.11 Calculate the deviation between the mass of powder weighed in 6.8 and that in 6.10. If the deviation is more than 0,3 %, repeat steps 6.9 to 6
42、.11 until it becomes less than 0,3 %. 6.12 Repeat steps 6.1 to 6.11 with two additional portions, and average the results. 7 Calculation Calculate the tap density from the mass of the powder which is weighed in 6.10 divided by the volume of the cylindrical container. 10tmmpV= where tp is the tap den
43、sity, in grams per cubic centimetre, of the ceramic powder; 0m is the mass, in grams, of the empty cylindrical container; 1m is the mass, in grams, of the cylindrical container full of the powder after tapping; V is the volume, in cubic centimetres, of the cylindrical container (100 cm3). 8 Test rep
44、ort The test report shall include the following information: a) the name of the testing establishment; b) date of the test, report identification and number, operator, signatory; c) a reference to this part of ISO 23145; d) a description of the powder (material type, manufacturer, batch or code numb
45、er); e) any pretreatment of the powder, such as drying; f) the result obtained: tap density (kg/m3or g/cm3); g) any unusual features noted during the determination; h) comments about the test or test results. DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11 EN ISO 23145-1:2016 (E)9 Bibliography 1 ISO 690-2, Information a
46、nd documentation Bibliographic references Part 2: Electronic documents or parts thereof 2 ISO 3953, Metallic powders Determination of tap density 3 EN 725-8:2006, Advanced technical ceramics Methods of test for ceramic powders Part 8: Determination of tapped bulk density 4 JIS R 1628:1997, Test meth
47、ods for bulk density of fine ceramic powder 5 JIS R 1639-2:1999, Test methods of properties of fine ceramic granules Part 2: Bulk density 6 KS L 1621, Fine ceramics Test methods for bulk density of fine ceramic powder 7 ASTM B527-93, Standard Test Method for Determination of Tap Density of Metallic Powders and Compounds 8 ASTM D3347-94, Standard Test Method for Flow Rate and Tap Density of Electrical Grade Magnesium Oxide for Use in Sheathed Heating Elements DIN EN ISO 23145-1:2016-11 10EN ISO 23145-1:2016 (E)
