1、March 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 8No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 2
2、5.160.10!$zau“1876282www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 25239-2Friction stir welding Aluminium Part 2: Design of weld joints (ISO 25239-2:2011)English translation of DIN EN ISO 25239-2:2012-03Rhrreibschweien Aluminium Teil 2: Ausfhrung der Schweiverbindungen (ISO 25239-2:2011)Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO
3、25239-2:2012-03Soudage par friction-malaxage Aluminium Partie 2: Conception des assemblages souds (ISO 25239-2:2011)Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 25239-2:2012-03www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1103.12 DIN EN ISO
4、 25239-2:2012-03 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by the Internationaler Verband fr Schweitechnik (IIW) (International Institute of Welding). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Schweien und verwand
5、te Verfahren (NAS) (Welding and allied processes Standards Committee), DIN/DVS Joint Committee NA 092-00-27 AA Rhrreibschweien (DVS AG V 11.2). Requests for official interpretations of any aspect of this International Standard should be addressed to the ISO Central Secretariat, which will pass them
6、on to the IIW Secretariat for an official response. DIN EN ISO 25239 consists of the following parts, under the general title Friction stir welding Aluminium: Part 1: Vocabulary Part 2: Design of weld joints Part 3: Qualification of welding operators Part 4: Specification and qualification of weldin
7、g procedures Part 5: Quality and inspection requirements The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 2553 DIN EN 22553 ISO 25239-1 DIN EN ISO 25239-1 ISO 25239-3 DIN EN ISO 25239-3 ISO 25239-4 DIN EN ISO 25239-4 ISO 25239-5 DIN EN I
8、SO 25239-5 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN 22553, Welded, brazed and soldered joints Symbolic representation on drawings DIN EN ISO 25239-1, Friction stir welding Aluminium Part 1: Vocabulary DIN EN ISO 25239-3, Friction stir welding Aluminium Part 3: Qualification of welding ope
9、rators DIN EN ISO 25239-4, Friction stir welding Aluminium Part 4: Specification and qualification of welding procedures DIN EN ISO 25239-5, Friction stir welding Aluminium Part 5: Quality and inspection requirements EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 25239-2 December 2011 ICS
10、25.160.10; 25.160.40 English Version Friction stir welding - Aluminium - Part 2: Design of weld joints (ISO 25239-2:2011) Soudage par friction-malaxage - Aluminium - Partie 2: Conception des assemblages souds (ISO 25239-2:2011)Rhrreibschweien - Aluminium - Teil 2: Ausfhrung der Schweiverbindungen (I
11、SO 25239-2:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 June 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and biblio
12、graphical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsi
13、bility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greec
14、e, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Managemen
15、t Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 25239-2:2011: EContents DIN EN ISO 25239-2:2012-03 EN ISO 25239-2:2011 (E) 2 Page Foreword . 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normat
16、ive references 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Design requirements . 5 4.1 Documentation 5 4.2 Joint design . 6 4.3 Additional information 9 Foreword This document (EN ISO 25239-2:2011) has been prepared by the International Institute of Welding in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “
17、Welding” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2012. Atten
18、tion is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
19、the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Roman
20、ia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 25239-2:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 25239-2:2011 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 25239-2:2012-03 EN ISO 25239-2:2011 (E) 3 Introduction Welding processes are widely used i
21、n the fabrication of engineered structures. During the second half of the twentieth century, fusion welding processes, wherein fusion is obtained by the melting of parent material and usually a filler metal, dominated the welding of large structures. Then, in 1991, Wayne Thomas at TWI invented frict
22、ion stir welding (FSW), which is carried out entirely in the solid phase (no melting). The increasing use of FSW has created the need for this International Standard in order to ensure that welding is carried out in the most effective way and that appropriate control is exercised over all aspects of
23、 the operation. This International Standard focuses on the FSW of aluminium because, at the time of publication, the majority of commercial applications for FSW involved aluminium. Examples include railway carriages, consumer products, food processing equipment, aerospace structures, and marine vess
24、els. The parts of this International Standard are listed in the foreword. Part 1 defines terms specific to FSW. Part 2 specifies design requirements for FSW joints in aluminium. Part 3 specifies requirements for the qualification of an operator for the FSW of aluminium. Part 4 specifies requirements
25、 for the specification and qualification of welding procedures for the FSW of aluminium. A welding procedure specification (WPS) is needed to provide a basis for planning welding operations and for quality control during welding. Welding is considered a special process in the terminology of standard
26、s for quality systems. Standards for quality systems usually require that special processes be carried out in accordance with written procedure specifications. Metallurgical deviations constitute a special problem. Because non-destructive testing of the mechanical properties is impossible at the pre
27、sent level of technology, this has resulted in the establishment of a set of rules for qualification of the welding procedure prior to the release of the WPS to actual production. ISO 25239-4 defines these rules. Part 5 specifies a method for determining the capability of a manufacturer to use the F
28、SW process for the production of aluminium products of the specified quality. It defines specific quality requirements, but does not assign those requirements to any specific product group. To be effective, welded structures should be free from serious problems in production and in service. To achie
29、ve that goal, it is necessary to provide controls from the design phase through material selection, fabrication, and inspection. For example, poor design may create serious and costly difficulties in the workshop, on site or in service. Incorrect material selection can result in welding problems, su
30、ch as cracking. Welding procedures have to be correctly formulated and qualified to avoid imperfections. To ensure the fabrication of a quality product, management should understand the sources of potential trouble and introduce appropriate quality and inspection procedures. Supervision should be im
31、plemented to ensure that the specified quality is achieved. DIN EN ISO 25239-2:2012-03 EN ISO 25239-2:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This part of ISO 25239 specifies design requirements for friction stir weld joints. In this part of ISO 25239, the term “aluminium” refers to aluminium and its alloys. This part o
32、f ISO 25239 does not apply to friction stir spot welding. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (inc
33、luding any amendments) applies. ISO 2553, Welded, brazed and soldered joints Symbolic representation on drawings ISO 25239-1, Friction stir welding Aluminium Part 1: Vocabulary ISO 25239-3, Friction stir welding Aluminium Part 3: Qualification of welding operators ISO 25239-4, Friction stir welding
34、Aluminium Part 4: Specification and qualification of welding procedures ISO 25239-5, Friction stir welding Aluminium Part 5: Quality and inspection requirements 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 25239-1 apply. 4 Design requirements 4.1
35、Documentation The weldment shall be designed in accordance with defined requirements that support the end use of the product. Documentation shall clearly define the essential information of the weld and any special requirements, e.g. fracture critical, durability critical, mission critical, or safet
36、y critical, that are imposed over and above the general requirements. Essential process controls shall be defined to substantiate that all design requirements can be met by the welds that were produced in accordance with the welding procedure specification (WPS) and inspection requirements. Weld sym
37、bols shall be those shown in ISO 2553. DIN EN ISO 25239-2:2012-03 EN ISO 25239-2:2011 (E) 5 4.2 Joint design The weld joint design shall take into account the necessary material property data. Some examples of weld joints are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Various weld joints shown before and after frict
38、ion stir welding Joint design Before welding After welding Combination of a lap joint and butt joint Butt joint Combination of a lap joint and butt joint T-joint Corner joint Lap joint Corner joint Butt joint 4.2.1 Butt joints The depth of penetration of butt joints shall be specified in the WPS. 4.
39、2.2 Lap joints The distance from the centreline of the tool to the edge of each overlapping member shall be specified in the WPS. The depth of penetration of the probe into the lap joint shall be specified in the WPS. DIN EN ISO 25239-2:2012-03 EN ISO 25239-2:2011 (E) 6 A friction stir lap weld need
40、s to be differentiated from all other lap welds to avoid any misunderstanding of its uniqueness. Conventional FSW is an asymmetric process. For example, one side of the weld is heated more than the other side. Another example of its asymmetry is the difference in strength between the advancing side
41、and the retreating side of the weld. Depending on whether the advancing side or the retreating side of the weld is near the edge of the sheet (see Figure 1), the stronger or weaker side of the joint can be placed on the stressed side of the weld, as shown in Figure 2. This is critically important an
42、d depends on the advancing near edge or retreating near edge configuration, as shown in Figure 1. 16533bb24aac cKey 1 retreating side 2 advancing side near the weld face sheet edge (ANE) 3 tool 4 workpiece 5 retreating side near the weld face sheet edge (RNE) 6 advancing side aAxial force. bDirectio
43、n of tool rotation. cDirection of welding. Figure 1 Advancing side and retreating side placement in lap joints DIN EN ISO 25239-2:2012-03 EN ISO 25239-2:2011 (E) 7 12AAbc3a42Advancing sideBBb1c25 aa) b) A-A67ddB-B76ddc) d) ddeddee) f) Key 1 retreating side 2 advancing side 3 lower workpiece 4 tool 5
44、 upper workpiece 6 tensile-stressed side of upper workpiece 7 tensile-stressed side of lower workpiece aDirection of tool rotation. bDirection of welding. cAxial force. dTensile force. eJoint rotation. Figure 2 Load paths in lap joints DIN EN ISO 25239-2:2012-03 EN ISO 25239-2:2011 (E) 8 4.3 Additio
45、nal information 4.3.1 Essential information The following shall be specified for each weld: a) parent material specification, alloy, and temper; b) pre-weld surface condition, including any coating; c) weld location and extent of welding; d) final weld contour and weld finishing requirements (as-wel
46、ded or subsequently finished); e) postweld heat treatment. 4.3.2 Weldment dimensions The dimensions of the weldment on the drawing shall be the final dimensions and shall not include allowances for shrinkage. 4.3.3 Welding operator qualification All production friction stir welds shall be made by a
47、welding operator qualified in accordance with ISO 25239-3. 4.3.4 Welding procedure qualification All production friction stir welds shall be made in accordance with a welding procedure qualified in accordance with ISO 25239-4. 4.3.5 Inspection The documentation shall define the weld inspection requirements, inspection methods, and acceptance level. Welds shall be inspected and tested in accordance with ISO 25239-5. DIN EN ISO 25239-2:2012-03 EN ISO 25239-2:2011 (E) 9
