1、October 2015Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS
2、 47.020.70!%FZ b) reference is no longer made to national standards, but only to international standards, or a descriptive text is given instead; c) the standard has been technically and editorially revised. DIN ISO 13643-3:2015-103Previous editions VG 81208-3: 1986-01, 1991-08 VG 81208-7: 1986-05,
3、1991-10 VG 81208-9: 1986-05, 1991-08 VG 81208-10: 1986-06, 1991-12 VG 81208-11: 1986-11, 1991-12 VG 81208-12: 1986-06, 1991-12 VG 81208-14: 1986-06, 1991-12 DIN 81208-3: 2005-10 DIN 81208-7: 2006-05 DIN 81208-9: 2006-12 DIN 81208-10: 2006-01 DIN 81208-11: 2006-03 DIN 81208-14: 2007-05 National Annex
4、 NA (informative) Bibliography DIN ISO 13643-1, Ships and marine technology Manoeuvring of ships Part 1: General concepts, quantities and test conditions DIN ISO 13643-5, Ships and marine technology Manoeuvring of ships Part 5: Submarine specials DIN EN ISO 800001, Quantities and units Part 1: Gener
5、al DIN EN ISO 800003, Quantities and units Part 3: Space and time DIN ISO 13643-3:2015-1041 ScopeThis part of ISO 13643 defines symbols and terms and provides guidelines for the conduct of tests to give evidence about the yaw stability and steering of surface ships, submarines, and models. It is mea
6、nt to be read in conjunction with ISO 13643-1.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
7、 the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 13643-1, Ships and marine technology Manoeuvring of ships Part 1: General concepts, quantities and test conditionsISO 13643-5, Ships and marine technology Manoeuvring of ships Part 5: Submarine specialsISO 80000-1, Quantities and units
8、Part 1: GeneralISO 80000-3, Quantities and units Part 3: Space and time3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1astern testmanoeuvring test to determine the ships ability to maintain course while making way astern3.2astern zig-zag testman
9、oeuvring test to determine the ships ability to maintain course while making way astern by assessing manoeuvring devices efficiency from a zig-zag test3.3direct astern testmanoeuvring test to determine the ships ability to maintain course when making way astern using its manoeuvring devices and tunn
10、el thrusters as available3.4direct spiral test (according to Dieudonn)manoeuvring test to determine the yaw stability and turning ability when using constant manoeuvring device settings3.5manoeuvring devicerudder, azimuthing thruster, hydroplane, cycloidal propeller, or equivalent system used to man
11、oeuvre a vesselShips and marine technology Manoeuvring of ships Part 3: Yaw stability and steering DIN ISO 13643-3:2015-1053.6pull-out testmanoeuvring test for quick determination of a ships yaw stability related to its speed through the water3.7reverse spiral test (according to Bech)manoeuvring tes
12、t to determine the yaw stability and turning ability when using constant yaw rates of turn3.8sine testmanoeuvring test to determine the ships turning and yaw-checking ability in relation to initial speed and manoeuvring device settings for the purpose of setting up auto pilots3.9weave testmanoeuvrin
13、g test to determine the extent of a ships potential yaw instability4 Test-related physical quantitiesTest-related physical quantities are listed in Table 1. The more general quantities and concepts concerning the manoeuvring of ships are set out in ISO 13643-1.For quantities and their units, ISO 800
14、00-1 and ISO 80000-3 shall be used.Table 1 Test-related physical quantitiesSymbolCC- CodeSI-UnitConceptTerm Definition or explanationddCRiGRDNTD s-1Gradient of the CRi() curve at 0ddiRGRDNTB s-1Gradient of the iR()curve at 0L L m Length Reference length of a ship (see ISO 13643-1)lLWRD radaLoop widt
15、hFor a ship with yaw instability: measured between the two extremes of the curve R()l LHRD rad s-1bLoop heightFor a ship with yaw instability: measured between the intersections of the ()Rcurve with the axis R= 0niNI s-1Test propeller speed P/D PDR 1 Pitch ratio PiPITCHI m Test propeller pitchPropel
16、ler pitch given relative to the pitch for zero thrust at zero speedT TIP sPeriod of manoeuvring device oscillationSpecified time to move the manoeuvring device, e.g. from the specified amplitude to starboard (S) to the same amplitude to port (P) and back to the specified amplitude to starboard (S)tC
17、1TIC1 s First time to check yawElapsed time from initiating 1stapplication of manoeuvring devices in the opposite direction until maximum change of heading is reachedaFor angles, the unit (degree), may be used.bFor rate of turn, the unit /s (degree per second) may be used.cThe unit kn, common in nav
18、igation, may be used.DIN ISO 13643-3:2015-106SymbolCC- CodeSI-UnitConceptTerm Definition or explanationtC2TIC2 s Second time to check yawElapsed time from initiating 2ndapplication of manoeuvring devices in the opposite direction until maximum change of heading is reachedtFTIF s Course keeping timeT
19、ime during which the ship maintains course in accordance with 10.2.1VFVF m s-1cFinal speed Speed at the end of test (run)ViVI m s-1cTarget speedSpeed corresponding to propeller speed/pitch setting on straight trackV0V0 m s-1cInitial speed (See ISO 13643-1)x0X0 m Coordinate in the direction of the in
20、itial head-ing of the earth-fixed axis system moving with the water, the origin of which coincides with that of ship-fixed axis system at t = 0 (see also ISO 13643-1)x0FX0F m Sternboard x0-component (astern) of the ships track at tFy0Y0 m Transverse axisCoordinate of the earth-fixed axis system in w
21、ater surface perpendicular to x0, analogous definition (see also ISO 13643-1)y0FY0F mTransfer at end of test (run)y0-component of the ships track at tFz0Z0 m Vertical axisCoordinate of the earth-fixed axis system orthog-onal to x0and y0, vertically down, analogous definition (see also ISO 13643-1)z0
22、FDZ0F m Change of dived depthz0-component of the ships track at tF, relative to the value at the commencement of a test (run)RiDANRUI radaManoeuvring device angle step DPSIH radaChange of heading 0EDPSIHE radaExecute change of headingSpecified absolute amount of change of heading for applying the ma
23、noeuvring devices into the opposite directionFDPSIHF radaChange of heading at end of testF 0MAXDPSIHM radaMaximum change of head-ing CDYARTC rad s-1bDifference between final asymptotic rates of turnResulting from S and P turns at the same V0RaANRUA radaManoeuvring device angle amplitudeIf necessary,
24、 an equivalent manoeuvring device amplitude shall be given, e.g. for submarines with X-planes: (Aa2+ Aa3 Aa1 Aa4).RiANRUI radaTest manoeuvring device settingRelative to 0If necessary, an equivalent test setting shall be given, e.g. for submarines with X-planes: (Ai2+ Ai3 Ai1 Ai4).aFor angles, the un
25、it (degree), may be used.bFor rate of turn, the unit /s (degree per second) may be used.cThe unit kn, common in navigation, may be used.Table 1 (continued)DIN ISO 13643-3:2015-107SymbolCC- CodeSI-UnitConceptTerm Definition or explanationRi1ANRUI1 radaFirst test manoeuvring device settingRelative to
26、0To which the manoeuvring devices are put at the commencement of the test. If necessary, an equivalent test setting shall be given, e.g. for sub-marines with X-planes: (A2+ A3 A1 A4).Ri2ANRUI2 radaSecond test manoeuvring device settingRelative to 0To which the manoeuvring devices are put at 1stcount
27、er setting. If necessary, an equivalent test setting shall be given as for Ri1.Ri3ANRUI3 radaThird test manoeuvring device angleRelative to 0To which the manoeuvring devices are put at 2ndcounter setting. If necessary, an equivalent test setting shall be given as for Ri1.0ANRU0 radaNeutral manoeuvri
28、ng device angle(See ISO 13643-1)RANRUM radaMean manoeuvring device angleDetermined in each stage of the test during a period of sufficiently constant ships speed through the water and rate of turn EPH radaPhase shift Between heading and manoeuvring device angleSFTRIMSF radaTrim angle at end of test
29、SMAXTRIMSM radaMaximum trim angle S0TRIMS0 radaInitial trim angle PSIH radaHeading (See ISO 13643-1)E1PSIHE1 radaHeading for first execute0+ EHeading when the manoeuvring devices are applied in the opposite direction (turn to P)E2PSIHE2 radaHeading for second execute0 EHeading when the manoeuvring d
30、evices are applied back in the original direction (turn to S)FPSIHF radaFinal heading Heading at the end of a test (run)S1PSIS1 radaFirst overshoot angleDuring the turn, angle between the heading at which the manoeuvring devices are applied in the opposite direction and the heading at which the vess
31、el ceases to turn in the current directionS2PSIS2 radaSecond overshoot angleDuring the turn, angle between the heading at which the manoeuvring devices are applied back in the original direction and the heading at which the vessel ceases to turn in the current directionaPSIHA radaAmplitude of headin
32、gAmplitude of the heading resulting from the sinu-soidal oscillation of the manoeuvring devices0PSIH0 radaInitial headingHeading of a vessel at the commencement of a test (run) YART rad s-1bRate of turn aFor angles, the unit (degree), may be used.bFor rate of turn, the unit /s (degree per second) ma
33、y be used.cThe unit kn, common in navigation, may be used.Table 1 (continued)DIN ISO 13643-3:2015-108SymbolCC- CodeSI-UnitConceptTerm Definition or explanationaYARTA rad s-1bAmplitude of rate of turnAmplitude of the rate of turn resulting from the sinusoidal oscillation of the manoeuvring devicesCYA
34、RTC rad s-1bConstant rate of turnMean value of the rate when the ship has reached steady conditions after each change of manoeu-vring device settingCPYARTCP rad s-1bAsymptotic rate of turn (for P turn)To which the ship pulls out in P turnCSYARTCS rad s-1bAsymptotic rate of turn (for S turn)To which
35、the ship pulls out in S turniYARTI rad s-1bTest turning rate Required rate of turn for a stage of the test OMF rad s-1bAngular frequency 2/TaFor angles, the unit (degree), may be used.bFor rate of turn, the unit /s (degree per second) may be used.cThe unit kn, common in navigation, may be used.5 Gen
36、eral test conditionsThe general test conditions in Clause 8 of ISO 13643-1 shall be observed.When operating submerged, submarines shall be trimmed according to the results of the neutral level flight test in Clause 8 of ISO 13643-5. During the test, the dived depth must be kept as constant as possib
37、le. The dived depth and the plane angles are to be recorded continuously. If the submarine is equipped with planes acting into the horizontal as well as into the vertical direction at the same time (e.g. X-planes), these planes should be controlled in such a way that the dived depth is maintained wi
38、th priority.During the test, including the approach phase, each successive position of the ship is to be recorded e.g. using an on board navigation system during surface operations at suitable time intervals (usually every second).The reference point on the vessel from where its track is measured sh
39、ould be defined in advance (e.g. location of a positioning system antenna). This point is not necessarily identical with the origin of the ship-fixed axis system for which the vessels track is given (see ISO 13643-1). Data which are to be recorded continuously include (but need not be limited to) ma
40、noeuvring device angle of operation, power setting, speed through the water, heading, rate of turn, angle of heel, propeller shaft speed/torque, propeller pitch, true wind velocity and direction, and relative wind velocity and direction.Table 1 (continued)DIN ISO 13643-3:2015-1096 Test 3.1 Pull-out
41、test6.1 GeneralIn addition to the general test conditions outlined in ISO 13643-1 and Clause 5, the following conditions shall be complied with: The ship shall approach on a steady heading and at a constant speed, V0, before commencing the test. During the test, the propulsion plant settings must re
42、main unaltered. The ship is put into a steady turn, which is outside the expected range of yaw instability, e.g. with a test manoeuvring device angle Riof at least 20 to either P or S. The description is for a turn to S. When the rate of turn and the speed of the ship have become constant, the manoe
43、uvring device is returned to amidships (zero-position) and held there until the rate of turn again reaches a sufficiently steady final asymptotic value, CS. Heading, manoeuvring device setting, and propeller speed/pitch are to be recorded continuously. The test comprises a second run turning in the
44、opposite direction.If the ship is stable in yaw, the rates of turn for alterations to both P and S will decrease to the same residual rate of turn (not necessarily zero); if the ship is unstable, the residual rates of turn will differ.The individual runs of the test may be conducted after correspond
45、ing turning circle tests (see Clause 6 of ISO 13643-2).Key1 ship unstable in yaw2 stable in yaw3 manoeuvring device back to zeroFigure 1 Pull-out testDIN ISO 13643-3:2015-10106.2 Analysis and presentation of results of a pull-out testThe following data are obtained from the test: difference between
46、asymptotic rates of turn C; asymptotic rate of turn (for starboard turn) CS; asymptotic rate of turn (for port turn) CP.The time histories of the rates of turn for a pair of S and P turns with identical initial speeds are plotted in the same diagram. The difference between the final asymptotic rates
47、 of turn, C, indicates the degree of yaw instability.If the assessment of the range given by the residual values for the S and P rates of turn proves the ship to be unstable, consideration should be given to conducting either a weave test (see Clause 9) or a reverse spiral test (see Clause 8), takin
48、g into account the residual values for the S and P rates of turn.6.3 Designation of a pull-out testDesignation of a pull-out test according to ISO 13643 Part 3 (3) Test 1 (1), carried out with an initial speed of V0= 18 kn (18) and a test manoeuvring device angle Ri= 20 (20):Pull-out test ISO 13643
49、- 3.1 18/207 Test 3.2 Direct spiral test (according to Dieudonn)7.1 GeneralIn addition to the general test conditions outlined in ISO 13643-1 and Clause 5, the following conditions shall be complied with: The direct spiral test consists of several steps performed in succession. The individual steps are performed using
