1、May 2012 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 8No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 85.
2、080.30; 97.180!$zO“1888744www.din.deDDIN ISO 16245Information and documentation Boxes, file covers and other enclosures, made from cellulosic materials,for storage of paper and parchment documents (ISO 16245:2009)English translation of DIN ISO 16245:2012-05Information und Dokumentation Schachteln, A
3、rchivmappen und andere Umhllungen aus zellulosehaltigem Material frdie Lagerung von Schrift- und Druckgut aus Papier und Pergament (ISO 16245:2009)Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 16245:2012-05Information et documentation Botes, chemises et autres contenants en matriaux cellulosiques, pour le stocka
4、ge desdocuments sur papier et parchemin (ISO 16245:2009)Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 16245:2012-05www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 12 pages05.12 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Contents Page National foreword .3
5、Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms, definitions and symbols .7 3.1 Terms and definitions .7 3.2 Symbols 7 4 Requirements for boxes 7 4.1 General 7 4.2 Board .7 4.3 Cloth covering 8 4.4 Lining 8 4.5 Colour .8 4.6 Surface 8 4.7 Adhesives .8 4.8 Manufacturers joints and fastener
6、s 8 4.9 Design .9 4.10 Strength 9 4.11 Dimensions .9 5 Requirements for file covers 9 5.1 General 9 5.2 Paper and board 9 5.3 Colour 10 5.4 Adhesives 10 5.5 Fasteners . 10 5.6 Strength . 10 5.7 Dimensions 10 5.8 Bleeding . 10 6 Test report . 11 Bibliography . 12 2 DIN ISO 16245:2012-05 National fore
7、word This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46 “Information and documentation”. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Bibliotheks- und Dokumentationswesen (Information and Documentation Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 009-00
8、-14 AA Bestandserhaltung in Archiven und Bibliotheken. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This standard has been adopted as a German Sta
9、ndard primarily because this will help increase awareness of the necessity for correctly packing library and archival materials for storage purposes, and because the technical requirements for implementing this must be generally defined. The collapse of the Cologne city archives and the extensive da
10、mage to many of the materials housed there has made clear what should have been self-evident all along: Archived materials and books can be considerably better protected if they are stored in enclosures. The original concept behind book jackets and slipcases is hereby applied to the storage of libra
11、ry and archival materials, with greater emphasis being placed on their protective function, which is improved and given greater detail. Board and even paper reduces or delays the damaging effects of fire, water or physical impacts and pressure on documents of historical value, and even the harmful e
12、ffects of the environment and air pollution can be lessened through the use of appropriate packing materials. The packing of library and archival materials is not only an effective but also a relatively inexpensive means of conservation, certainly less expensive than measures for repairing damages l
13、ater on, such as manual restoration. Packing is also a sustainable means of conservation, for although the packing materials are consumable materials, normally they must fulfil their protective function over years or even decades without breaking up into their individual components. And of course, t
14、he packing may not contain substances that are in themselves harmful to the library and archival materials. The technical aspects of archival packing must be standardized to ensure just this. The use of the standard thus ensures that not only the protective function of the packing materials, but als
15、o their sustainability, is maintained. Of course, the standard must also take into consideration a certain level of proportionality, that is, the packing of library and archival materials must not only have an advantage over other conservation measures in terms of cost but also in terms of quality.
16、This standard first specifies tests relating to the materials and their colour, linings, adhesives, and connections and fasteners, that is, components which are largely unaffected by the construction, and then it specifies tests regarding the design, e.g. the construction, especially of boxes. While
17、 the former tests (e.g. those that do not relate to the construction) would normally only be carried out once, it is different with the design tests. There are as many variations in box construction, not only in terms of size but in terms of design, as there are variations in the type of material to
18、 be protected. Thus, the tests specified for the functionality of each construction specifically, the tests comprising the repeated opening and closing of boxes and, above all, the strength tests would need to be carried out on each possible construction. In this case the cost of ordering a large nu
19、mber of boxes of different designs could increase significantly, because strength tests are quite expensive, at least at the present. It can be expected that the testing costs will be calculated into the cost of the product, which would then diminish the advantage of packing over other conservation
20、measures, namely its relatively low cost. On the other hand, strength tests are indispensable for archives and libraries. Boxes containing library and archival materials are usually stacked one on top of the other, and the boxes at the bottom must not be allowed to be crushed under the weight of tho
21、se above them, thus damaging the material contained within due to the inadequacy of the packing material. Also, the frequent opening and closing of the boxes must not make them unusable, for instance because the flaps are missing. To solve this dilemma, it is recommended that the tests regarding the
22、 design of boxes be only carried out on a series of boxes with a certain standard format, selecting the formats for which there is the greatest demand. 3 DIN ISO 16245:2012-05 When other, more specialised formats are called for, then reference could be made to these standard formats. If the customer
23、 is still not satisfied with these, but expressly requests that all formats tendered are tested, then the resulting higher cost must be accepted. Because the maximum pressure that can be exerted on a box increases with a decreasing surface area, those who supply various box formats can choose to hav
24、e only the larger formats tested as in Subclause 4.10 “Strength”. If the test is passed, it can be automatically assumed that all smaller boxes (in terms of length, width and height) of the same design and material would also pass the test. The smaller models can then be considered as being in compl
25、iance with this standard without their having to be separately tested to Subclause 4.10. The dimensions of the boxes tested are to be taken from the test report. If over the years it is shown that the cost of strength testing decreases significantly, then the National Foreword to this standard would
26、 need to be revised. The DIN Standards corresponding to the European/International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: EN 923 DIN EN 923 ISO 536 DIN EN ISO 536 ISO 9706:1994 DIN EN ISO 9706 ISO 12048:1994 DIN EN ISO 12048 ISO 18902 DIN ISO 18902 4 DIN ISO 16245:2012-05 Introductio
27、n Boxes and file covers are available in several different materials. Those made of cellulosic materials are the most commonly used enclosures for long term storage of paper and parchment documents. Experience has shown that properties of the enclosure are of great importance to the protection, perm
28、anence and durability of the documents. This International Standard specifies a number of basic requirements relevant to the material composition and construction of cellulose based boxes and file covers. The purpose of boxes and file covers is to hold and contain documents in prescribed order or gr
29、ouping, to provide a protective container, and to facilitate identification, transport and storage. Preferably, the same file covers and boxes can be used from storage at the place of work to the final archive storage. Moreover, it is possible to transport, handle and lend the volume as a unit. Boxe
30、s, through their design and construction, protect documents from environmental risks such as light, rapid temperature and moisture changes and dust, as well as from damage related to handling. File covers further protect documents by enclosing them with materials specified for their preservation qua
31、lities. However, even high quality file covers and boxes can not compensate for poor storage conditions. This International Standard can be used as a specification. It can also be incorporated as an element into other specifications, used in trade, or in other national or International Standards for
32、 more specialized purposes. Information and documentation Boxes, file covers and other enclosures, made from cellulosic materials, for storage of paper and parchment documents 5 DIN ISO 16245:2012-05 1 Scope This International Standard specifies requirements for boxes and file covers, made of cellul
33、osic material, to be used for long term storage of documents on paper or parchment. This International Standard is applicable to boxes made of solid or corrugated board and to file covers made of paper or board. This International Standard can also be applicable to other types of enclosure for long
34、term storage such as cases, portfolios, tubes and envelopes made of cellulosic material. This International Standard is not applicable to storage of photographic materials. NOTE ISO 18902 contains requirements on storage materials for photographs. 2 Normative references The following referenced docu
35、ments are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the references document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5-3, Photography and graphic technology Density measurements Part 3: Spect
36、ral conditions ISO 5-4, Photography and graphic technology Density measurements Part 4: Geometric conditions for reflection density ISO 535, Paper and board Determination of water absorptiveness Cobb method ISO 536, Paper and board Determination of grammage ISO 4046-3:2002, Paper, board, pulps and r
37、elated terms Vocabulary Part 3: Paper-making terminology ISO 5626:1993, Paper Determination of folding endurance ISO 9706:1994, Information and documentation Paper for documents Requirements for permanence ISO 12048:1994, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages Compression and stacking tests u
38、sing a compression tester 6 DIN ISO 16245:2012-05 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4046-3 pertaining to paper-making properties and the following apply. 3.1.1 box storage container intended to protect
39、 documents and facilitate their shelving and handling 3.1.2 file cover folded sheet of paper or board used for housing of and as a separating agent for document(s) 3.2 Symbols Cobb60The calculated mass of water absorbed in 60 s by 1 m2of paper or board under specified conditions DRReflection density
40、 SASpectral power of the influx spectrum, reflection sVVisual spectral responsivity V Spectral luminous efficiency pmaxMaximum pressure 4 Requirements for boxes 4.1 General Materials used shall not contain or form any substances, or have physical characteristics, which may be harmful to the document
41、s being stored. 4.2 Board Two types of board for boxes are specified: type A; type B. Type A board shall meet the requirements specified in ISO 9706:1994, 5.3 (for alkali reserve), 5.4 (for the Kappa number), 5.5 (for the pH value), and shall be neutral sized or alkaline sized. All layers of board s
42、hall meet these requirements. Layers of corrugated board shall be measured individually. Solid board need not be separated. The test values of unseparated solid board, together with the manufacturers warrant of the use of an alkaline process and the use of rag or bleached chemical pulp for all layer
43、s are acceptable. Type B board shall meet the requirements specified in ISO 9706:1994, 5.3 (for the alkali reserve), 5.5 (for the pH value), and shall be neutral sized or alkaline sized. Type B board has no restriction in Kappa number and no limit in lignin content. All layers of board shall meet th
44、ese requirements. Layers of corrugated board shall be measured individually. Solid board need not be separated. The test values of unseparated solid board, together with the manufacturers warrant of the use of an alkaline process for all layers are accepted. 7 DIN ISO 16245:2012-05 If a board used f
45、or boxes consists of two or more layers of different types, where at least one layer does not meet the requirements for type A board, the board shall be classified as type B. Boxes made of type A board may be used without file covers. Boxes made of type B board are intended to be used together with
46、file covers as specified in Clause 5. The box shall be marked on the exterior, either: a) “Board ISO 16245-A” for boxes made of type A board, or b) “Board ISO 16245-B” for boxes made of type B board. 4.3 Cloth covering A box may be covered with cloth. The cloth used, including pre-printed, shall be
47、coated or impregnated with a non-migratory resinous substance, e.g. acrylic resin. The cloth shall be highly resistant to folding, tearing and rubbing. They shall be light resistant and suitable for direct lettering. The surface shall be non-friable with the surface fibres fully coated. 4.4 Lining A
48、 box may be lined with paper. The paper used shall meet the requirements in 5.2, except for the grammage. 4.5 Colour The board and lining should preferably not contain optical brightening agents, dyes or pigments. However, if such board or lining is used, there shall be no bleeding of optical brightening agents, dyes or pigments when tested in accordance with the method specified in 5.8. The covering may be coloured but shall then meet the requirements of 5.8. 4.6 Surface The Cobb60value shall be determined in accordance w
