1、November 2011 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I
2、CS 43.080.10; 55.180.99!$v-,“1831009www.din.deDDIN ISO 27956Road vehicles Securing of cargo in delivery vans Requirements and test methods (ISO 27956:2009)English translation of DIN ISO 27956:2011-11Straenfahrzeuge Ladungssicherung in Lieferwagen (Kastenwagen) Anforderungen und Prfmethoden (ISO 2795
3、6:2009)Englische bersetzung von DIN ISO 27956:2011-11Vhicules routiers Arrimage des charges bord des camionnettes de livraison Exigences et mthodes dessai (ISO 27956:2009)Traduction anglaise de DIN ISO 27956:2011-11SupersedesDIN 75410-3:2004-10See start of applicationwww.beuth.deDocument comprises p
4、agesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1610.11 A comma is used as the decimal marker. Start of application The start of application of this standard is 1 November 2011. DIN 75410-3:2004-10 may be used in parallel until 31 October 2013. Contents Page orew
5、ord. 1 Scope . 4 2 Terms and definitions. 4 3 Requirements 5 3.1 General requirements. 5 3.2 Partitioning system. 5 3.3 Lashing points 7 4 Test methods. 11 4.1 Static load tests of the partitioning system . 11 4.2 Testing of the strength of the lashing point 13 Bibliography . 16 DIN ISO 27956:2011-1
6、1 2National f 3National foreword This standard contains safety requirements in Clauses 3 and 4. This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22 “Road vehicles” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The ISO Standard is based on the national standard DIN 75410-3 which has been submitted to IS
7、O by Germany. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Automobiltechnik (Road Vehicle Engineering Standards Committee), Working Group NA 052-01-12-09 AK Ladungssicherung im Pkw und Kastenwagen. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of
8、this document may be the subject of patent rights. DIN and/or DKE shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. DIN designation ISO 27956:2009 does not specify a designation. The following designation is recommended for devices used to secure the cargo: Securing of car
9、go DIN ISO 27956:2011 Amendments This standard differs from DIN 75410-3:2004-10 as follows: a) requirements have been rendered more precise and further figures have been included; b) the description of the tests has been given in more detail and further figures have been included; c) Annex A has bee
10、n deleted; the text has been partly included in the requirements. Previous editions DIN 75410-3: 1996-04, 2004-10 DIN ISO 27956:2011-11 31 Scope This International Standard applies to vehicle-relevant equipment for the securing of cargo in delivery vans with a gross vehicle mass up to 7,5 t. This In
11、ternational Standard specifies minimum requirements and test methods for securing cargo in a reliable and roadworthy way, in order to protect occupants against injuries caused by shifting cargo. This International Standard deals with N1 vehicles and N2 vehicles up to 7,5 t in accordance with ECE cla
12、ssification1). For vehicles primarily designed for the transportation of cargo and derived from a passenger vehicle (M1), only the requirements concerning the partitioning system of this International Standard apply. NOTE Extreme loads (e.g. vehicle impacts) that can occur during an accident are out
13、side the scope of this International Standard. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 delivery van vehicle for the transport of cargo, of which the occupant compartment and loading space form one unit 2.2 lashing point attachment par
14、t on the vehicle or an integrated device, to which lashing devices (2.3) can be connected in a form-fit manner and designed to transfer the lashing forces to the vehicle structure NOTE An integrated device can be, for example, a ring, a loop, a tie-down, a hook, an eye, a lug, a hook-in edge, a thre
15、ad connection, or rails. 2.3 lashing device device that is designed to be attached to the lashing points (2.2) in order to secure the cargo on the vehicle and that consists of a tensioning device, a tensioning element and connections, if required NOTE 1 A tensioning device can be, for example, a bel
16、t or a strap. NOTE 2 A tensioning element can be, for example, a wrench, a ratchet, or a spanner. NOTE 3 Connections can be, for example, a hook or an eyelet. 1) See Reference 1. Road vehicles Securing of cargo in delivery vans Requirements and test methods DIN ISO 27956:2011-11 42.4 partitioning sy
17、stem device that fully or partially separates the occupant compartment from the loading space EXAMPLE Partition, bulkhead, grid. 2.5 protection zone area behind each seating position, for which special requirements for the protection against shifting cargo apply, limited to the area of vertical long
18、itudinal sections, symmetrical to the left and right of the relevant R-points, with a width of 544 mm per seat and extending over the entire height of the occupant compartment NOTE 1 In the case of a bench, the protection zones between the R-points can overlap. NOTE 2 See ISO 6549 for further inform
19、ation on R-points. 2.6 roadworthy design concept aiming at excluding harm to occupants of a road vehicle travelling on public roads under normal conditions of operation, such as full braking, emergency braking, braking in a curve, fast lane changing and driving in a curve NOTE The concept of “harm”
20、includes injuries and fatality. 3 Requirements 3.1 General requirements In order to prevent cargo from penetrating into the occupant compartment, delivery vans shall be equipped with adequate devices to protect the occupants against the cargo. Therefore, protection devices consisting of a partitioni
21、ng system (see 2.4) and lashing points (see 2.2) shall be provided. 3.2 Partitioning system The partitioning system (see 2.4) shall fully separate the occupant compartment from the loading space, in terms of width and height. In the case of a loading space above the occupant compartment, the partiti
22、oning system may be limited in height to the horizontal separation between the occupant compartment and that loading space. However, in the case of a vehicle having a driver seat only and no passenger seat, the partitioning system does not need to cover the entire width of the vehicle, provided that
23、 the drivers protection zone (see 2.5) is covered and, in addition, the driver seating position is sufficiently protected against laterally shifting cargo. If there is a gap between the partitioning system and the vehicle body this shall not be more than 40 mm (see Figure 2) without removing the cov
24、ering (or trim), if any. A larger value is permissible in the case of corrugations in the side walls, as well as in order to ensure proper deployment of curtain airbags, if fitted. If the partitioning system consists of a grid or cargo net, a rigid test device (e.g. rod), having a front surface of (
25、50 10) mm moved in longitudinal direction (parallel to the x-axis of the vehicle), shall not be able to pass such nets or grids in any orientation (rotation around the x-axis). The strength of the entire partitioning system shall be tested in accordance with 4.1.2. The protection zone(s) (see 2.5) o
26、f the partitioning system shall withstand testing in accordance with 4.1.3. Each point within the protection zones shall meet the requirements of a test using the type 2 plunger piston (see 4.1.3). If windows or a door are located in the protection zone, such elements shall also withstand this test.
27、 The window material may fracture, as long as the deformation criteria given below are met. DIN ISO 27956:2011-11 5Permanent deformations of the partitioning system up to 300 mm (see Figure 1) are permissible when tested in accordance with 4.1.2 or 4.1.3, as long as such deformations do not cause sh
28、arp edges or other deformations which might result directly or indirectly in injuries to the occupants. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 occupant compartment 2 partitioning system 3 loading space F test force Figure 1 Partitioning system Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 partitioning system 2 corrugati
29、on in side wall Figure 2 Detail of partitioning system DIN ISO 27956:2011-11 6Dimensions in millimetres a) Example of a 2-seater occupant compartment b) Example of a 3-seater occupant compartment Key 1 drivers protection zone 2 passengers protection zone 3 R-point Figure 3 Protection zones 3.3 Lashi
30、ng points 3.3.1 General The loading space of delivery vans shall be equipped with lashing points. 3.3.2 Design 3.3.2.1 The geometry of the lashing points is not specified in this International Standard, but is decided by the vehicle manufacturer. Examples of typical designs of lashing points are sho
31、wn in Figure 4. Whatever design is selected by the vehicle manufacturer, the clearance of the lashing point shall be such that it shall be possible to insert through the opening of the lashing point a cylindrical probe with a diameter, d1, as specified in Table 1. Table 1 Diameter of cylindrical pro
32、be to be inserted d1mm Gross vehicle mass mGVMt 35 5,0 mGVMu 7,5 25 2,5 mGVMu 5,0 20 mGVMu 2,5 DIN ISO 27956:2011-11 7Key d1diameter of cylindrical probe to be inserted Figure 4 Examples of typical designs of lashing points 3.3.2.2 The maximum cross section of the loop/ring must not be greater than
33、18 mm (see Figure 5). If the lashing point consists of a different design or other dimension, the vehicle manufacturer shall provide the adequate fastening elements. Dimensions in millimetres Key aCross section u 18 mm. Figure 5 Maximum cross section of lashing loops/rings 3.3.3 Strength of lashing
34、points 3.3.3.1 Each lashing point shall be designed for one of the categories of nominal tension force, FN, calculated in accordance with Table 2, and shall withstand the test force applied under any angle in the range between 0 and 60 to the vertical (see Figure 12) during the test specified in 4.2
35、.1. 3.3.3.2 The strength of the lashing points is proven if the tests specified in 4.2.1 are passed. DIN ISO 27956:2011-11 8Table 2 Nominal tension force FNkN Gross vehicle mass mGVMt FN= 1/4 mP g, but 3,5 FNu 8 5,0 mGVMu 7,5 FN= 1/3 mP g, but 3,5 FNu 5 2,5 mGVMu 5,0 FN= 1/2 mP g, but 3 FNu 4 mGVMu
36、2,5 mPis the maximum payload, in kg. g is the acceleration of gravity (9,81 m/s2). 3.3.4 Number and alignment of lashing point pairs 3.3.4.1 Lashing points shall be located on the floor and/or side walls, as closely as possible to the floor, but not more than 150 mm above the floor of the loading ar
37、ea. The lashing points should be arranged in pairs, located opposite each other and distributed as evenly as possible alongside the loading area. 3.3.4.2 The number and alignment of lashing point pairs is influenced by the following parameters: the maximum spacing between lashing points in longitudi
38、nal direction (see 3.3.4.3); the length of the loading area (see 3.3.4.4). 3.3.4.3 The lashing point pairs shall be aligned as follows (see Figure 6): a) the recommended longitudinal spacing, LS, between two lashing point pairs is LSu 700 mm; however, in any case, LSu 1 200 mm; b) the longitudinal d
39、istance from the front and rear boundary of the usable loading space shall be not more than 250 mm; c) the lateral distance from the side boundary of the usable loading space shall be not more than 150 mm. Dimensions in millimetres Key LSrecommended longitudinal spacing Figure 6 Alignment of lashing
40、 point pairs DIN ISO 27956:2011-11 93.3.4.4 For vehicles having a loading area up to 1 300 mm in length, at least two pairs of lashing points shall be provided (two lashing points at each side). The minimum number, N, of pairs of lashing points shall be based on the length, L, in millimetres, of the
41、 loading space (measured on the floor at y = 0) and shall be calculated by taking into account the distances of 250 mm (see 3.3.4.3) and 800 mm spacing, as shown in Equation (1): ( )2 2501800LN=+ (1) The calculated result shall be rounded up or down in accordance with conventional rounding rules, i.
42、e. decimals in the range between x,01 and x,49 shall be rounded down; decimals in the range between x,50 and x,99 shall be rounded up. EXAMPLE A delivery van having a length of the loading space of 2 550 mm: ()2550 2 25018002, 56 13, 564pairs of lashing pointsNNNN=+=+= 3.3.5 Consumer information Inf
43、ormation on the maximum strength, in kN, of each lashing point in the vehicle shall be provided in the owners manual. In addition, a label should be used inside the cargo compartment (see Figure 7). This label shall be inscribed with white letters on a blue background with a white border. The label
44、should be fixed in the loading space in a position that is clearly visible (e.g. near to the door) and that is normally not covered by the load. The minimum size of the label is (100 130) mm. Dimensions in millimetres NOTE The strength values shown are given as an example only. Figure 7 Example of l
45、abelling of lashing points DIN ISO 27956:2011-11 104 Test methods 4.1 Static load tests of the partitioning system 4.1.1 Plunger pistons 4.1.1.1 Type 1 The type 1 plunger piston shall be applied for testing the entire partitioning system and its fixation to the vehicle body (see Figure 8). The type
46、1 plunger piston shall have a flat square surface with a 1 000 mm side length and an edge radius u 20 mm. In the case of delivery vans where the opening of the rear loading door and/or the geometry of the partitioning system do not permit the installation of the type 1 piston, a reduced type 1 plung
47、er piston with the maximum possible rectangular geometry should be used (see Figure 9). Dimensions in millimetres Figure 8 Type 1 plunger piston Figure 9 Reduced type 1 plunger piston 4.1.1.2 Type 2 The type 2 plunger piston (see Figure 10) shall have a flat square surface with a 50 mm side length a
48、nd an edge radius u 0,5 mm. This type of plunger piston shall be applied only within the area of the protection zones (see 2.5). DIN ISO 27956:2011-11 11Dimensions in millimetres Figure 10 Type 2 plunger piston 4.1.1.3 Attachment For the tests described in 4.1.2 and 4.1.3, the partitioning device sh
49、ould be tested when it is installed into the specific vehicle or into the Body in White to make sure that the fitting conditions represent the original situation. If the test is not carried out in a vehicle or in a Body in White, the partitioning system shall be attached to a rigid frame with its attachment hardware. The rigid frame shall incorporate a rigid horizontal plane which replicates the general level of the vehicle floor. The attachment points shall replicate the geometry of the intended vehicle anchorages. If th
