1、AMSC N/A FSC 5960 MIL-PRF-1N 12 October 2011 SUPERSEDING MIL-PRF-1M 9 May 2003 PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION ELECTRON TUBES GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR This specification is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Scope. This specification covers the gen
2、eral requirements and ratings for electron tubes used by the military departments. 1.2 Classification. This specification is applicable to electron tubes classified in, but not limited to, the categories listed below. The main category into which each tube is classified is indicated in the title of
3、the tube specification sheet (TSS). The subcategory is included as the initial item under the description heading: for example, ELECTRON TUBE, KLYSTRON - - - DESCRIPTION: Reflex oscillator. 1. Beam Switching 10. Graphic Indicator Numerical Indicator 2. Cathode Ray a. Electrostatic or Magnetic Focus
4、11. Gyrotron b. Electrostatic or Magnetic Deflection c. Multi-gun (specify number of guns) 12. Ignitron 3. Cathode-Ray Charge Storage 13. Image Converter a. Visual Output (direct view) b. Electrical Output 14. Image Orthicon 4. Cold Cathode 15. Klystron a. Triode a. Reflex Oscillator b. Rectifier b.
5、 Amplifier c. Pulse 5. Corona Voltage Regulators d. Continuous Wave (CW) 6. Cross Field Amplifier 16. Magnetron a. Pulse 7. Electron Multiplier b. Coaxial c. Continuous Wave (CW) 8. Electron Ray Indicator d. Voltage Tunable 9. Gas-Switching 17. M-Type Backward Wave a. ATR (anti-transmit-receive) b.
6、Dual-TR (transmit-receive) 18. Negative Grid (microwave) c. Pre-TR d. TR INCH-POUND Comments, suggestions, or questions on this document should be addressed to DLA Land and Maritime, ATTN: VAT, P.O. Box 3990, Columbus, OH 43218-3990 or to TubesAmpsdscc.dla.mil. Since contact information can change,
7、you may want to verify the currency of this address information using the ASSIST Online database at https:/assist.daps.dla.mil/. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-PRF-1N 2 1.2 Classification. - Continued. 19. Noise Source 24. Radiat
8、ion Counter a. Vacuum Diode Geiger Mueller b. Gas Discharge 25. Receiving 20. O-Type Backward Wave a. Diode b. Triode 21. Phototube c. Tetrode a. Gas d. Pentode b. Infrared e. Rectifier c. Multiplier f. Power d. Vacuum 22. Power or Transmitting 26. Stabilotron a. Diode b. Triode 27. Thyratron c. Tet
9、rode d. Pentode 28. Traveling Wave (or forward wave) e. Rectifier 29. Vidicon 23. Pulse Modulator a. Hydrogen 30. Voltage Regulator b. Vacuum Glow Discharge 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3 and 4 of this specification. This section
10、 does not include documents cited in other sections of this specification or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements of documents cited
11、 in sections 3 and 4 of this specification, whether or not they are listed. 2.2 Government documents. 2.2.1. Specifications, standards, and handbooks. The following specifications, standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the i
12、ssues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE STANDARDS MIL-STD-129 - Military Marking for Shipment and Storage. MIL-STD-1311 - Test Methods for Electron Tubes. (Copies of these documents are available online at https:/assist.daps.dla.mil/ or from St
13、andardization Document Order Desk, Building 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.) 2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, issues of these documents are those cited in the solicit
14、ation or contract (see 6.2). Electronic Components Association, (ECA) EIA-235 - Color Codes for Microwave Devices with Wire Leads including Traveling Wave Tubes, Klystrons, Crossed Field Devices, Electromagnetic Leads. (Copies of this document are available online at http:/ (Global Engineering Docum
15、ents website) or from the Electronic Components Association, (ECA), 2500 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 310 Arlington, VA 22201-3834.) Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-PRF-1N 3 NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF STANDARDS LABORATORIES (NCSL) NCSL-Z54
16、0.3 - Calibration Laboratories and Measuring and Test Equipment. (Copies are available online at http:/www.ncsli.org or from National Conference of Standards Laboratories NCSL, 2995 Wilderness Place Suite 107, Boulder, Colorado 80301-5405.) INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO) ISO100
17、12 - Equipment, Quality Assurance Requirements For Measuring Part 1: Metrological Confirmation System For Measuring Equipment. (Copies are available online at http:/iso.org or http:/www.iso.org/iso/home.htm or from American National Standards Institute, 13th Floor, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY
18、10036-0350.) 2.4 Order of precedence. Unless otherwise noted herein or in the contract, in the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein (except for related tube specification sheets), the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, h
19、owever, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1 General. The manufacturer of electron tubes, in compliance with this specification, shall have and use production and test facilities and quality and reliability assurance program ad
20、equate to assure successful compliance with provisions of this specification and the TSS. Adequacy of an electron tube manufacturer to meet requirements of this specification shall be determined by the Government qualifying activity (DLA Land and Maritime, ATTN -VQE, vqe.chiefdla.mil). Individual it
21、em requirements shall be as specified in the TSS and herein. Only electron tubes that are inspected for and meet all requirements of this specification and the TSS shall be marked as compliant and delivered. Any military specification, standard, or handbook referred to in this specification may be r
22、eplaced by an equivalent commercial standard as determined by the preparing activity (TubesAmpsdscc.dla.mil). 3.1.1 Tube specification sheet (TSS). The individual electron tube requirements shall be as specified herein and in accordance with the applicable TSS. The following order of precedence and
23、exceptions shall govern: a. Order of precedence: In the event of conflict between this specification, MIL-STD-1311, and the TSS, and unless otherwise specified (see exceptions below), the TSS shall take precedence. To determine applicable test conditions, however, the following order shall govern: (
24、1) The requirements specified in the contract or purchase order. (2) The test condition specified on the TSS for a particular test method, as indicated in the “Conditions“ column. (3) The test condition specified in a particular test method. (4) The general test conditions specified on the TSS (usua
25、lly located on the first page). (5) The test conditions specified in MIL-STD-1311 under “General“ instructions and conditions. b. Exceptions: (1) Limited coordination (LC) specification. The marking requirements of this specification shall apply to all tubes acquired to single-service (LC) specifica
26、tions. (The “JAN“ prefix shall be used in lieu of “USA“, “USAF“, or “USN“). (2) Military designator “M“. Use of the letter “M“ as a military designator on tubes and specification sheets shall be discontinued and where already assigned, shall be disregarded. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproducti
27、on or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-PRF-1N 4 (3) MIL-STD-1311, method 1501A. If there are conflicting requirements between this specification, MIL-STD-1311, and the TSS, the TSS requirements shall be secondary. (4) Acceptance level and LTPD. If there are conflicting requireme
28、nts between this specification, MIL-STD-1311, and the TSS, the general specification shall take precedence (see 4.3). 3.1.2 Terms, definitions, methods, abbreviations, and symbols. The terms, definitions, methods, abbreviations, and symbols used in conjunction with electron tubes shall be in accorda
29、nce with appendices A and B. 3.2 Qualification. Unless an exception is allowed by the TSS, all tubes furnished under this specification shall be products that are authorized by the qualifying activity (see 3.1) for listing on the applicable qualified products list (QPL-1; http:/www.dscc.dla.mil/prog
30、rams/qmlqpl/) before contract award (see 4.1.b, 4.2, and 6.3). 3.3 First article. When specified in the TSS and required by the acquiring activity, tubes furnished under this specification shall be products that have been tested and have passed the first article inspection specified in 4.1c and appe
31、ndix E. Unless specified in TSS, contract or purchase order the sample size shall be selected in accordance with table II for first article inspection. 3.4 Critical interfaces. The critical interfaces of an electron tube shall be as specified herein (appendix C and appendix D) and on the TSS. 3.4.1
32、Base material. Unless otherwise specified, all electron tube bases shall be fabricated from material having suitable physical electrical and mechanical properties to meet all the specified requirements of the TSS. 3.4.2 Base connections. Electrode connections to base pins shall be as specified. Pins
33、 designated as “int con“ are not suitable for connection to external circuits. Pins designated as “nc“ shall have no connections made to them within the tube. 3.4.3 Base cementing. Receiving tubes and cathode-ray tubes which have leads soldered into the pins shall have the base cemented to the envel
34、ope. Base cement is not required for metal tubes, or metal enclosed glass tubes with envelope skirt mechanically crimped to the base, or for button heater solid lead receiving tubes. 3.4.4 Color coding. Insulation on flying leads for microwave tubes shall be color coded in accordance with EIA-235-C.
35、 3.4.5 Absolute ratings. The values specified on the TSS under “maximum“ or “minimum“ are based on the “absolute system“ and are not to be exceeded under any service conditions. These ratings are limiting values outside which the serviceability of any individual tube may be impaired. In order not to
36、 exceed absolute ratings, the designer has the responsibility of determining an average design value for each rating below and absolute value of that rating by a safety factor. The absolute values are never to be exceeded under any usual conditions of supply-voltage variation, load variation, or man
37、ufacturing variations in the equipment itself. It does not necessarily follow that any combination of absolute maximum ratings can be attained simultaneously. The maximum and minimum ratings designate the maximum or minimum of the absolute value of that rating regardless of polarity. 3.4.5.1 Baromet
38、ric pressure (altitude) rating. In the event that the specified rating is exceeded, reduction of instantaneous voltages (excluding filament or heater voltage) may be required. 3.4.5.2 Receiving tube ratings. Receiving tube ratings specified on the TSS are absolute maximum values for an individual tu
39、be, and equipment should be designed with this fact in mind. However, these ratings may be exceeded only as indicated in 3.4.5.2.1 and 3.4.5.2.2 without appreciable deterioration in tube life. 3.4.5.2.1 Anode voltage. Unless otherwise specified, the average anode voltage (averaging time 0.1 second)
40、should not exceed the maximum rated dc anode voltage; and the peak positive anode voltage should not exceed twice the maximum rated dc anode voltage. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-PRF-1N 5 3.4.5.2.2 Screen voltage. Maximum scree
41、n voltage may be exceeded when all the following conditions are met: a. The screen voltage does not exceed the dc anode voltage rating under any operating conditions. b. The anode voltage rating is greater than the screen voltage rating. c. The average screen dissipation does not exceed values given
42、 by the following formula: Pg2 Pg2 (max rating) rating) (E- rating) (Erating) (E- E- 1cbcc2maxmaxmax222The formula applies when the average screen voltage is between the maximum rated dc screen voltage and the maximum rated dc anode voltage. 3.4.5.2.3 Reduced pressure (altitude) rating. This rating
43、is applicable to all subminiature, miniature, and other wafer (button) header receiving tube types except high-voltage rectifiers and is based on the minimum pin or lead spacing specified on these types. It does not consider the effects of tube sockets, terminating devices, and environmental effects
44、, such as radiation, which may exist simultaneously at any altitude. Figure 1 specifies the maximum rating of the instantaneous voltage between adjacent pins as a function of air pressure. Table I indicates an altitude/pressure cross-reference. NOTE: For operation at any pressure (altitude), the max
45、imum-instantaneous voltage between any adjacent pins is limited in accordance with the rating in figure 1. The equipment designer is cautioned to consider that voltage breakdown is only one factor influenced by altitude, and that other tube ratings, especially temperature, must also be observed. If
46、instantaneous operating voltages not exceeding 280 volts are used between adjacent pins, these types will not have to be derated for altitude effects. TABLE I. Altitude/pressure conversion. Altitude (x 1,000 ft) Pressure Torr (mmHg) Altitude (x 1,000 ft) Pressure Torr (mmHg) 50 55 60 70 80 90 100 11
47、0 120 87.49 68.88 54.24 33.66 21.01 13.21 8.36 5.33 3.45 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 2.27 1.51 1.02 0.697 0.478 0.326 0.221 0.148 3.4.6 Pure tin. The use of pure tin, as an underplate or final finish, is prohibited both internally and externally. Tin content of electron tube components and solde
48、r shall not exceed 97 percent, by mass. Tin shall be alloyed with a minimum of 3 percent lead, by mass (see 6.7). Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-PRF-1N 6 3.5 Marking. All tubes shall be marked in a legible and permanent manner on
49、 the base, envelope, or shell with the information specified in 3.5.1 through 3.5.10, as applicable (see 4.3.7 and MIL-STD-1311 method 1105). a. Permanent-marking requirements: The following information shall be marked on the tube, as specified in 3.5.b. (1) Type number (see 3.5.1). (2) “JAN“ prefix (see 3.5.2). (3) Lot identification (lot date code) (see 3.5.3). (4) Manufacturers designatin
