1、n,:L/MILIIARY SPECIFICATION. TACTICAL PILOTAGE CHARTS (TPC)U!Em!GlMIL-T-891OI(DMA)SupersedingPSI1AAI1OOFebruary 1981. This specification is approved for use by theavaiiabie for use by ali Departments and Agencies of1. SCOPE1.1 -. This general specificationDefense Mapping Agency, and isthe Department
2、 of Defense.defines requirements for theDefense Mapping Agencys (DMA) Tactical Pilotage Charts (TPC).1.2 . The purpose of this specification is to assure uniformityof treatment among mapping and charting elements, primarily DMA and itscontractors, engaged in a coordinated production and maintenance
3、program forthis product. Feature requirements are stated in terms of INIA*SFeature/Attribute Coding Standard (FACS), to maintain consistency betweenvarious DMA production methods. The use of FACS in this specification is notointended to imply any external digital data coding standard. FACS is the; i
4、nternal coding standard used by DMAs Digital Production System (DPS), whichis the primary intended, but not exclusive method for production of thisproduct at this time. The Digital Geographic Information Exchange Standard(DIGEST) Feature Attribute Coding Catalog (FACC), not FAC$. is the approvedcodi
5、ng standard for the exchange of digital geographic data, as well as thestandard for DMAs Vector Product Format (VPF) product line. FACC may beincluded in, or replace FACS in a future edition of this specification.1.3 .1.3.1 . This specification isUNCLASSIFIED.1.3.2. of The security classificationof
6、the products generated by the use of thes; specifications will be thelowest category practicable. When it is necessary to assign a securityclassification to the product, it shall be in accordance with established.national security procedures.Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deietions
7、) and any pertinent datawhich may be of use in improving this document should be addressed to: Director,Defense _Mapping Agency, ATTN: PR, ST A-13, 8613 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA22031-2137 by using the Standardization Document Improvement Proposai (Di) Form1426) appearing at the end of this document
8、or by letter.AMSC: NIA AREA: MCGTo, . Approved for publlc release: Distribution uniimited.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-T-891011.4 .The Tactical Pilotage Chart ,- a. (TPC) is designed to provide anintermediate scale translation
9、of cultural and terrain features forpilots/navigators flying at very low altitudes (below 500 feet ab,ove groundlevel, through medium altitudes or low altitude-high speed operations.b. The successful execution of a low altitude mission dependsentirely upon visual and radar identification of ground f
10、eatures and a rapidvisual association with their chart counterpart . Under low altitudeconditions, apparent movement of the ground is rapid and causes blurring. Theangular velocity of ground features as they sweep beneath the nose of theaircraft provides little time for recognition. Depth of vision
11、is restrictedbecause of the increased effect of perspective resulting from the closeness ofthe aircraft to the terrain. Ground fog, haze and other factors affecting thevisibility can further combine to reduce depth of vision. In addition, thespan of vision is restricted because of the necessity of “
12、picking up”checkpoint features on or near the horizon directly ahead of the aircraft andmaking positive visual identification as the ground objects rapidly approachat increasing angular velocities. The pilot/navigator must have a precon-ceived mental image of each successive checkpoint feature to fa
13、cilitaterecognition at first 3) of slope and rising more than 76m (250 feet)above surrounding terrain shall be considered for shading.b. In areas 25 km square or larger, having a slope in excess of 5%,(30), only the major ridges and peaks shall be shaded.c. In level terrain, hills or unique landform
14、s which do not meetslope criteria may be shaded if they are considered critical to the 10w-altitude high speed mission. At low altitude navigation mode (500 feet orless) the radar coverage displayed is no greater, and usually far less, than30 nautical miles. This shallbe the prime factor to be consi
15、dered for estab-lishing,the criticality of features for portrayal.d. Shaded relief shall be shown for areas of unreliable relief ifthere is sufficient detail to do so.landforms orenhance theportion thereof which“picture” formed by28.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitte
16、d without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-T-89101IO,1.D!,O,:e. Shaded relief shall be shown in permanent snow and ice areas whensufficient contour information exists.f. Shaded relief shall be omitted from spot elevation value text.Each shaded relief void area shall equal the space occupied by the text plus
17、 a0.25 mm (0.01 inch) zone surrounding the text.9. The required density shaded relief halftone negative shall beproduced with a total “dropout” in areas void of shaded relief.Tonalcharacteristics, when shaded relief is portrayed, shall have O-5% forhighlight tones, 40-S0% for middle tones and 80-85%
18、 for deep shadow areas.3.1!5 . Refer to category 5 (Vegetation) code features inTABLE I of this specification for individual feature requirements.3.16 . Refer to category 6 (Demarcation) code features inTABLE I of this specification for individual feature requirements.3.17 . Aeronautical information
19、 shall extend to the limitsof the chart. Refer to category lR (Aeronautical) and lU (Aircraft Facility,Runway) code features in TABLE I of this specification for individual airfacility requirements.3.18 .a. Refer to MIL-STD-2402, MIL-STD-2403, and DMA Standard SupportingMark 90 - Section 500 for pro
20、per naming and labeling of applicable features.b. The following is a list of features which may not appear inTable I of the product specification, but may be named on the final product.Definitions for the following features may be found in DMA Standard SupportingMark 90 - Section 500 Geographic Name
21、s:BayCapeChannelCityDesertFallsForestGulfHarborInletIsland ChainLake Mountain RangeOceanParkPeakPlainPlateauPointRiverSeaSoundStraitValleyChesapeake BayCape of Good HopeEnglish ChannelNew York CitySahara DesertNiagara FallsBlack ForestGulf of MexicoBoston HarborHamiltOn InletHawaiian IslandsLake Mic
22、higanRocky MountainsAtlantic OceanYellowstone National ParkPikes PeakGreat PlainsColorado PlateauPoint LookoutMissouri RiverCaribbean SeaPuget SoundBering StraitDeath Valley. .29Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-T-89101c. The applic
23、ation of proper place names shall be in accordance withthe current State Department policy and guidance. od. Spelling shall be in accordance with conventional English usageor that which- is acknowledged as official by the United StatesGeographic Names (BGN).e. Pertinent generic terms used in feature
24、 name or portionin the absence of conventional names shall be listed in glossaryshown on an individual chart basis as necessary (See 3.11.3.30).board onof a nameform and3.18.1 g selectxon . Selec-tion and application shall be based upon feature importance and area density.a. Names of aeronautical fa
25、cilities and related aeronautical infor-mation are of major importance.b. Vertical information (spot elevations, contours, obstructions,etc.) is also of major importance.c. The selection and application criteria for the density of featurenames (text labels) placement is specified in 3.7.5.d. Labels
26、shall be positioned to assure immediate and unmistakableidentification of the feature being named/labeled. Reference MIL-STD-2402MC&G Symbology and MIL-STD-2403 MC&G Product Rules.(1) Aeronautical data (symbols and type) shall not be obscured byother chart detail.(2) Positioning of type over and in
27、alignment with linear fea-tures producing an overprint shall be avoided, if possible,often completely destroys the continuity of a feature whilebecomes illegible.as such conditionat”same time type(3) Label for area feature whose symbolized size is of a dimen-sion capable of accommodating type size a
28、nd/or length of label, shall bepositioned within the feature outlines near the center.(4) Areas too small to accommodate interior labels shall belabeled outside and adjacent to the feature.3.19 llafizu.,.This section is not applicable to this specification.3.20 .This section is not applicable to this specification.3.21 .This section is not applicable to this specification.3.22 .-a. Feature symbols shall be shown in accordance with the MIL-STD-2402 MC&G lbOOqy.,.30.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-
