1、Standard ECMA-279December 1998Standardizing Information and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.ch80 mm (1,23 Gbytes per side)and 120 mm (3,95 Gbytes perside) DVD-Recordable Disk(DVD-R).Standard ECMA-279December 1998S
2、tandardizing Information and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.chMB Ecma-279.doc 21-12-98 14,3380 mm (1,23 Gbytes per side)and 120 mm (3,95 Gbytes perside) DVD-Recordable Disk(DVD-R).Brief HistoryECMA Technical Comm
3、ittee TC31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disks and Optical DiskCartridges (ODC). Since its establishment, the Committee has made major contributions to ISO/IEC JTC1/SC23 toward thedevelopment of International Standards for optical disks with a diameter of 80 mm, 90 mm, 1
4、20 mm, 130 mm and 356 mm.Numerous standards have been developed by TC31 and published by ECMA, almost all of which have also been adopted byISO/IEC under the fast-track procedure as International Standards. The following ECMA Standards for 120 mm have beenpublished by ECMA and adopted by ISO/IEC JTC
5、1.ECMA-130ISO/IEC 10149Data Interchange on Read-only 120 mm Optical Data Disks (CD-ROM)ECMA-240ISO/IEC 15485Data Interchange on 120 mm Optical Disk Cartridges Using Phase ChangePD Format - Capacity 650 Mbytes per CartridgeECMA-267ISO/IEC 16448120 mm DVD-Read-Only DiskECMA-272ISO/IEC 16824120 mm DVD
6、Rewritable Disk (DVD-RAM)ECMA-273ISO/IEC 16825Case for 120 mm DVD-RAM DisksECMA-274ISO/IEC 16969Data Interchange on 120 mm Optical Disk using +RW Format -Capacity : 3,0 Gbytes and 6,0 GbytesAn 80 mm version DVD-Read-Only disk is also standardized (see Standard ECMA-268, ISO/IEC 16449).In October 199
7、7 a project for a DVD Recordable disk (DVD-R) was adopted by ECMA. This work has led to the presentStandard ECMA-xxx. It specifies two different sizes: 80 mm and 120 mm. Disks in either size can be single or double sidedwith a nominal capacity of 3,95 Gbytes per side for the 120 mm size and 1,23 Gby
8、tes for the 80 mm size. It is expected that acorresponding International Standard will be proposed for adoption by ISO/IEC JTC1.ECMA has also developed and published Standard ECMA-167 for volume and file structure applicable to optical disks so asthe provide full data interchange between data proces
9、sing systems.This ECMA Standard has been adopted by the ECMA General Assembly of December 1998.- i -Table of contentsPageSection 1 - General 11 Scope 12 Conformance 12.1 Optical Disk 12.2 Generating system 12.3 Receiving system 13 Reference 14 Definitions 24.1 Adhesive layer 24.2 Channel bit 24.3 Cl
10、amping Zone 24.4 Digital Sum Value (DSV) 24.5 Disk Reference Plane 24.6 Dummy substrate 24.7 Entrance surface 24.8 Groove 24.9 Land 24.10 Optical disk 24.11 Physical sector number 24.12 Read-only disk 24.13 Recording layer 24.14 Reed-Solomon code 24.15 Reserved field 24.16 Sector 24.17 Space 34.18 S
11、ubstrate 34.19 Track 34.20 Track pitch 34.21 Zone 35 Conventions and notations 35.1 Representation of numbers 35.2 Names 36 List of acronyms 36.1 General 37 General description 48 General requirements 58.1 Environments 58.1.1 Test environment 58.1.2 Operating environment 58.1.3 Storage environment 5
12、- ii -8.1.4 Transportation 58.2 Safety requirements 68.3 Flammability 69 Reference measurement devices 69.1 Pick Up Head (PUH) 69.1.1 PUH for measuring recorded disks 69.1.2 PUH for measuring unrecorded disks 79.2 Measurement conditions 89.2.1 Recorded and unrecorded disk 89.2.2 Recorded disk 89.2.3
13、 Unrecorded disk 89.3 Normalized servo transfer function 89.4 Reference servo for axial tracking 89.5 Reference servo for radial tracking 9Section 2 - Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk 1010 Dimensional characteristics 1010.1 Overall dimensions 1210.2 First transition a
14、rea 1210.3 Second transition area 1210.4 Clamping Zone 1210.5 Third transition area 1310.6 R-Information Zone 1310.6.1 Sub-divisions of the R-Information Zone 1310.7 Information Zone 1310.7.1 Sub-divisions of the Information zone 1310.8 Track geometry 1410.9 Channel bit length 1410.10 Rim area 1410.
15、11 Remark on tolerances 1510.12 Label 1511 Mechanical parameters 1511.1 Mass 1511.2 Moment of inertia 1511.3 Dynamic imbalance 1511.4 Sense of rotation 1511.5 Runout 1511.5.1 Axial runout 1511.5.2 Radial runout 1512 Optical parameters 1612.1 Recorded and unrecorded disk parameters 1612.1.1 Index of
16、refraction 1612.1.2 Thickness of the transparent substrate 1612.1.3 Angular deviation 1612.1.4 Birefringence of the transparent substrate 1612.2 Recorded disk reflectivity 1712.3 Unrecorded disk parameters 17- iii -12.3.1 Polarity of reflectivity modulation 1712.3.2 Recording power sensitivity varia
17、tion 17Section 3 - Operational signals 1713 Operational signals for recorded disk 1713.1 Measurement conditions 1713.2 Read conditions 1713.3 Recorded disk high frequency (HF) signals 1713.3.1 Modulated amplitude 1713.3.2 Signal asymmetry 1813.3.3 Cross-track signal 1813.4 Quality of signals 1813.4.
18、1 Jitter 1813.4.2 Random errors 1813.4.3 Defects 1813.5 Servo signals 1813.5.1 Differential phase tracking error signal 1814 Operational signals for the unrecorded disk 2014.1 Measurement conditions 2014.2 Recording conditions 2114.3 Basic write strategy for media testing 2114.4 Servo signals 2114.4
19、.1 Radial push-pull tracking error signal 2114.4.2 Cross-track signal before recording (Radial Contrast = RC) 2214.4.3 Defects 2314.5 Addressing signals 2314.5.1 Land Pre-pit signal 2414.5.2 Groove wobble signal 2414.5.3 Relation in phase between wobble and Land Pre-pit 25Section 4 - Data format 251
20、5 General 2516 Data Frames 2516.1 Identification Data (ID) 2616.2 ID Error Detection Code (IED) 2716.3 Copyright Management Information (CPR_MAI) 2716.4 Error Detection Code (EDC) 2717 Scrambled Frames 2818 ECC Block configuration 2819 Recording Frames 3020 Modulation 30- iv -21 Physical Sectors 312
21、2 Suppress control of the d.c. component 3223 Linking scheme 3323.1 Linking sector 3323.2 Linking loss area 3323.2.1 Padding sectors 33Section 5 - Format of the Information Zone 3524 General description of the Information Zone 3524.1 Layout of the Information Zone 3524.2 Physical sector numbering 35
22、25 Lead-in Zone and Lead-out Zone 3625.1 Lead-in Zone 3625.1.1 Initial Zone 3625.1.2 Reference Code Zone 3725.1.3 Buffer Zone 1 3725.1.4 Buffer Zone 2 3725.2 Control Data Zone 3725.2.1 Physical format information 3725.2.2 Disk manufacturing information 3925.2.3 Reserved 3925.3 Lead-out Zone 39Sectio
23、n 6 - Format of the Unrecorded Zone 3926 General description of the Unrecorded Zone 3926.1 Layout of the Unrecorded Zone 3926.2 ECC block address 4026.3 ECC block numbering 4027 Pre-pit Data format 4027.1 General description 4027.2 Pre-pit block structure 4327.3 Pre-pit data block configuration 4427
24、.3.1 Relative address 4527.3.2 ECC block address data configuration 4627.3.3 Parity A and Parity B 4627.3.4 Field ID0 4627.3.5 Field ID1 4727.3.6 Field ID2 4927.3.7 Field ID3 to Field ID5 5128 Data structure of R-Information Zone 5328.1 Layout of Power Calibration Area and Recording Management Area
25、5328.2 Structure of the Power Calibration Area 5328.3 Data configuration of the Recording Management Area (RMA) 54- v -28.3.1 Sector format of the Recording Management Area (figure 59) 5428.3.2 Recording Management Data (RMD) 55Annex A - Measurement of the angular deviation G01 61Annex B - Measureme
26、nt of birefringence 63Annex C - Measurement of the differential phase tracking error 65Annex D - Measurement of light reflectance 69Annex E - Tapered cone for disk clamping 71Annex F - Measurement of jitter 73Annex G - 8-to-16 Modulation with RLL (2,10) requirements 77Annex H - Border Zone 87Annex J
27、 - Optimum Power Control 93Annex K - Wavelength dependency 95Annex L - Light fastness of the disk 97Annex M - Measurement of the groove wobble amplitude 99Annex N - Measurement methods for the operational signals for an unrecorded disk 101Annex P - Variation of the Write Strategy 103Annex Q - Measur
28、ement method of the Land Pre-Pit signal 105Annex R - Note on the Reference Code 107Annex S - Running OPC 109Annex T - Transportation 111.- vi -Section 1 - General1ScopeThis ECMA Standard specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of an 80 mm and a 120 mm DVD -Recordable disk to e
29、nable the interchange of such disks. It specifies the quality of the pre-recorded, unrecorded and therecorded signals, the format of the data, the format of the information zone, the format of the unrecorded zone, and therecording method, thereby allowing for information interchange by means of such
30、 disks. This disk is identified as aDVD - Recordable (DVD-R) disk. Once data has been recorded on a DVD-R disk it cannot be modified. It can be readmany times. Further data may be appended.This ECMA Standard specifiesG01 80 mm and 120 mm nominal diameter disks that may be either single or double sid
31、ed,G01 the conditions for conformance,G01 the environments in which the disk is to be operated and stored,G01 the mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical interchange between dataprocessing systems,G01 the format of the pre-recorded information on an unrecorde
32、d disk, including the physical disposition of the tracksand sectors, the error correcting codes and the coding method used,G01 the format of the data and the recorded information on the disk, including the physical disposition of the tracks andsectors, the error correcting codes and the coding metho
33、d used,G01 the characteristics of the signals from pre-recorded and unrecorded areas on the disk, enabling data processingsystems to read the pre-recorded information and to write to the disks,G01 the characteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, enabling data processing systems to read the d
34、ata from thedisk.This ECMA Standard provides for interchange of disks between disk drives. Together with a standard for volume andfile structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.2 Conformance2.1 Optical DiskA claim of conformance shall specify the type of the di
35、sk, i.e. its size and whether it is single-sided or double sided.An optical disk shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it meets the mandatory requirements specifiedfor this type.2.2 Generating systemA generating system shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if the optical disk
36、it generates is inaccordance with 2.1.2.3 Receiving systemA receiving system shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard if it is able to handle an optical diskaccording to 2.1.3 ReferenceThe following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of t
37、his ECMAStandard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All standards are subjected to revision, and partiesto agreements based on this ECMA Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recentedition of the standards listed below.ECMA-129 (1994)
38、Information Technology Equipment SafetyISO -105-B02 Colour fastness to artificial light: Xenon arc fading lamp test- 2 -4 DefinitionsFor the purpose of this ECMA Standard the following definitions apply.4.1 Adhesive layerA layer of adhesive material bonding together the two parts of the disk.4.2 Cha
39、nnel bitThe elements by which, after modulation, the binary values ZERO and ONE are represented on the disk by marks.4.3 Clamping ZoneThe annular part of the disk within which a clamping force is applied by a clamping device.4.4 Digital Sum Value (DSV)The arithmetic sum obtained from a bit stream by
40、 allocating the decimal value 1 to bits set to ONE and the decimalvalue 1 to bits set to ZERO.4.5 Disk Reference PlaneA plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the Clamping Zone of the disk isclamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation.4.6 Dummy su
41、bstrateA layer which may be transparent or not, that is provided for the mechanical support of the disk and/or of a recordedlayer.4.7 Entrance surfaceThe surface of the disk onto which the optical beam first impinges.4.8 GrooveA trench-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any in
42、formation, and used to define the tracklocation. The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the land. The recording is made on the centre ofthe groove.4.9 LandThe area between the grooves.4.10 Optical diskA disk that accepts and retains information in the form of recorded marks in a r
43、ecording layer and that can be readby an optical beam.4.11 Physical sector numberA serial number allocated to the physical sectors on the disk.4.12 Read-only diskAn optical disk in which the information has been recorded during manufacture of the disk. The information cannotbe modified and can only
44、be read from the disk.4.13 Recording layerA layer of the disk on, or in, which data is recorded.4.14 Reed-Solomon codeAn error detection and/or correction code for the correction of errors.4.15 Reserved fieldA field set to all ZEROs unless otherwise stated, and reserved for future standardization.4.
45、16 SectorThe smallest addressable part of a track in the information zone of a disk that can be accessed independently ofother addressable parts.- 3 -4.17 SpaceThe area in a track between successive marks4.18 SubstrateA transparent layer of the disk, provided for mechanical support of the recording
46、or recorded layer, through whichthe optical beam accesses the recording or recorded layer.4.19 TrackA 360G03 turn of a continuous spiral.4.20 Track pitchThe distance between adjacent average physical track centrelines of the wobbled grooves for the unrecorded disk, orbetween adjacent physical track
47、centrelines of the train of recorded marks for the recorded disk, measured in theradial direction.4.21 ZoneAn annular area of the disk.5 Conventions and notations5.1 Representation of numbersA measured value is rounded off to the least significant digit of the corresponding specified value. For inst
48、ance, itimplies that a specified value of 1,26 with a positive tolerance of + 0,01 and a negative tolerance of - 0,02 allows arange of measured values from 1,235 to 1,275.Numbers in decimal notations are represented by the digits 0 to 9.Numbers in hexadecimal notation are represented by the hexadeci
49、mal digits 0 to 9 and A to F in parentheses.The setting of bits is denoted by ZERO and ONE.Numbers in binary notations and bit patterns are represented by strings of digits 0 and 1, with the most significantbit shown to the left.Negative values of numbers in binary notation are given as Twos complement.In each field the data is recorded so that the most significant byte (MSB), identified as Byte 0, is recorded first andthe least significant byte (LSB) last. In a field of 8n bits, bit b(8n-1) shall be the most significant bit (msb) and bit b0the least significant bit (lsb). Bit b(8n-
