1、 ECMA-330 3rdEdition / June 2005 120 mm (4,7 Gbytes per side) and 80 mm (1,46 Gbytes per side) DVD Rewritable Disk (DVD-RAM) 120 mm (4,7 Gbytes per side) and 80 mm (1,46 Gbytes per side) DVD Rewritable Disk (DVD-RAM) Standard ECMA-330 3rdEdition / June 2005 Ecma International Rue du Rhne 114 CH-1204
2、 Geneva T/F: +41 22 849 6000/01 www.ecma-international.org . Brief history Ecma Technical Committee TC31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disks and Optical Disk Cartridges (ODC). Since its establishment, the Committee has made major contributions to ISO/IEC toward the devel
3、opment of International Standards for 80 mm, 90 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm, 300 mm, and 356 mm media. Numerous standards have been adopted by ISO/IEC under the fast-track procedure as International Standards In February 1997 a group of ten Companies, known as the DVD Forum, proposed to TC31 to develop stand
4、ards for optical disks known as DVD disks. TC31 accepted this proposal and started the work that has led to two Ecma Standards that were eventually adopted by ISO/IEC as International Standards under the fast-track procedure. ECMA-267 (1997) 120 mm DVD-Read-Only Disk ISO/IEC 16448 ECMA-268 (1997) 80
5、 mm DVD-Read-Only Disk ISO/IEC 16449 Further work, supported by nine members of the DVD Forum, has been undertaken for a rewritable disk known as DVD-RAM, has led to further Ecma and ISO/IEC Standards. ECMA-272 (1998) 120 mm DVD Rewritable Disk (DVD-RAM) ISO/IEC 16824 ECMA-273 (1998) Case for 120 mm
6、 DVD-RAM Disks ISO/IEC 16825 ECMA-331 (2001) Case for 120 mm and 80 mm DVD-RAM Disks ISO/IEC 17594 This Standard ECMA-330 constitutes a further development of Standard ECMA-272 proposed to, and accepted by, Ecma/TC31 on presentation by Toshiba Corporation on behalf of ten other Member Companies of t
7、he DVD Forum. It specifies two Types of rewritable optical disks with a nominal capacity of 4,7 Gbytes and 9,4 Gbytes. Apart of the larger capacity, these disks present considerable performance improvements over those of the disk according to Standard ECMA-272. In addition a new defect management al
8、lows real time recording. Compared to the 2ndEdition of Standard ECMA-330 (published by Ecma in June 2002), this 3rdEdition incorporates few changes in order to achieve complete alignment with International Standard ISO/IEC 17592:2004(E). This Ecma Standard has been adopted by the General Assembly o
9、f June 2005. Table of contentsSection 1 - General 1 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance 1 2.1 Optical Disk 1 2.2 Generating system 1 2.3 Receiving system 1 3 References 1 4 Definitions 2 4.1 Case 2 4.2 Channel bit 2 4.3 Digital Sum Value (DSV) 2 4.4 Disk Reference Plane 2 4.5 Dummy substrate 2 4.6 Embossed mark
10、 2 4.7 Entrance surface 2 4.8 Land and Groove 2 4.9 Mark 2 4.10 Phase change 2 4.11 Polarization 2 4.12 Recording layer 3 4.13 Sector 3 4.14 Space 3 4.15 Substrate 3 4.16 Track 3 4.17 Track pitch 3 4.18 ZCLV 3 4.19 Zone 3 5 Conventions and notations 3 5.1 Representation of numbers 3 5.2 Names 4 6 Li
11、st of acronyms 4 - i - 7 General description of the optical disk 4 8 General requirements 5 8.1 Environments 5 8.1.1 Test environment 5 8.1.2 Operating environment 5 8.1.3 Storage environment 6 8.1.4 Transportation 6 8.2 Safety requirement 6 8.3 Flammability 6 9 Reference Drive 6 9.1 Optical Head 6
12、9.2 Read channels 8 9.3 Rotation speed 8 9.4 Disk clamping 8 9.5 Normalized servo transfer function 8 9.6 Reference Servo for axial tracking 8 9.7 Reference Servo for radial tracking 10 Section 2 - Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk 11 10 Dimensional characteristics 11
13、10.1 Overall dimensions 12 10.2 First transition area 13 10.3 Second transition area 13 10.4 Clamping Zone 13 10.5 Third transition area 13 10.6 Rim area 14 10.7 Remark on tolerances 14 10.8 Label 14 11 Mechanical characteristics 14 11.1 Mass 14 11.2 Moment of inertia 14 11.3 Dynamic imbalance 15 11
14、.4 Sense of rotation 15 11.5 Runout 15 11.5.1 Axial runout 15 11.5.2 Radial runout 15 12 Optical characteristics 15 - ii - 12.1 Index of refraction 15 12.2 Thickness of the transparent substrate 15 12.3 Angular deviation 15 12.4 Birefringence of the transparent substrate 16 12.5 Reflectivity 16 Sect
15、ion 3 - Format of information 17 13 Data format 17 13.1 Data Frames 17 13.1.1 Data ID 18 13.1.2 Data ID Error Detection code (IED) 19 13.1.3 Reserved bytes 19 13.1.4 Error Detection Code (EDC) 19 13.2 Scrambled Frames 19 13.3 ECC Blocks 20 13.4 Recording Frames 22 13.5 Recording code and NRZI conver
16、sion 22 13.6 Recorded Data Field 23 13.7 DC component suppress Control (DCC) 24 13.7.1 DCC for the data in the Rewritable Area 24 13.7.2 DCC for the data in the Embossed Area 25 13.7.3 PID and PED recording 26 14 Track format 26 14.1 Track shape 26 14.2 Track path 26 14.3 Track pitch 26 14.4 Track l
17、ayout 26 14.5 Rotation speed 27 14.6 Radial alignment 28 14.7 Sector number 28 15 Sector format 28 15.1 Sector layout 28 15.1.1 Sector layout in the Rewritable Area 28 15.1.2 Sector layout in the Embossed Area 30 15.2 VFO fields 30 15.3 Address Mark (AM) 31 15.4 Physical ID (PID) fields 31 15.5 PID
18、Error Detection code (PED) fields 32 - iii - 15.6 Postamble 1 and Postamble 2 (PA 1, PA 2) fields 32 15.7 Mirror field 34 15.8 Gap field 34 15.9 Guard 1 field 34 15.10 Pre-Synchronous code (PS) field 34 15.11 Data field 34 15.12 Postamble 3 (PA 3) field 34 15.13 Guard 2 field 35 15.14 Recording pola
19、rity randomization 35 15.15 Buffer field 35 16 Format of the Information Zone 35 16.1 Division of the Information Zone 35 16.2 Lead-in Zone 38 16.2.1 Structure of Lead-in Zone 38 16.2.2 Initial Zone 39 16.2.3 Reference Code Zone 39 16.2.4 Buffer Zone 1 39 16.2.5 Buffer Zone 2 39 16.2.6 Control Data
20、Zone 39 16.2.7 Connection Zone 55 16.2.8 Guard Track Zones 1 and 2 57 16.2.9 Disk Test Zone 57 16.2.10 Drive Test Zone 57 16.2.11 Disk Identification Zone 57 16.2.12 DMA 1 and DMA 2 59 16.3 Data Zone 59 16.3.1 Structure of Data Zone and of the Defect Management Areas (DMAs) 59 16.3.2 Guard Track Zon
21、es 60 16.3.3 Partitioning 60 16.3.4 Number of blocks in the supplementary spare area 63 16.4 Lead-out Zone 64 16.4.1 Structure of Lead-out Zone 64 16.4.2 DMA 3 and DMA 4 64 16.4.3 Reserved Zone 64 16.4.4 Guard Track Zone 1 64 16.4.5 Drive Test Zone 64 16.4.6 Disk Test Zone 64 16.4.7 Guard Track Zone
22、 2 64 17 Defect management 65 17.1 Defect Management Areas (DMAs) 65 17.2 Disk Definition Structure (DDS) 65 - iv - 17.3 Spare sectors 69 17.4 Slipping Algorithm 69 17.5 Linear Replacement Algorithm 70 17.6 Primary Defect List (PDL) 71 17.7 Secondary Defect List (SDL) 72 17.8 Formatting of the disk
23、75 17.8.1 Initialization 76 17.8.2 Re-initialization 76 17.8.3 Data field number resulting from Initialization and Re-initialization 77 17.9 Write procedure 78 17.10 Read procedure 78 17.10.1 Read procedure 78 17.10.2 Blank ECC Block 78 Section 4 - Characteristics of embossed information 79 18 Metho
24、d of testing 79 18.1 Environment 79 18.2 Reference Drive 79 18.2.1 Optics and mechanics 79 18.2.2 Read power 79 18.2.3 Read channels 79 18.2.4 Tracking channel 79 18.2.5 Tracking 79 18.3 Definition of signals 79 19 Signals from lands and grooves 84 19.1 Push-pull signal 84 19.2 Divided push-pull sig
25、nal 84 19.3 On-track signal 84 19.4 Phase depth 85 19.5 Wobble signal 85 20 Signals from Header fields 86 20.1 VFO 1 and VFO 2 86 20.2 Address Mark, PID, PED and Postamble 87 20.3 Signals from Header 1, Header 2, Header 3 and Header 4 87 20.4 Phase depth 88 21 Signals from Embossed Area 88 21.1 High
26、 Frequency (HF) signal 88 21.1.1 Modulated amplitude 88 - v - 21.1.2 Signal asymmetry 89 21.1.3 Cross-track signal 89 21.2 Jitter 89 21.3 Servo signal 89 21.3.1 Differential phase tracking error signal 89 21.3.2 Tangential push-pull signal 89 Section 5 - Characteristics of the recording layer 91 22
27、Method of testing 91 22.1 Environment 91 22.2 Reference Drive 91 22.2.1 Optics and mechanics 91 22.2.2 Read power 91 22.2.3 Read channel 91 22.2.4 Tracking 91 22.3 Write conditions 91 22.3.1 Write pulse 91 22.3.2 Write power 93 22.3.3 Adaptive write control table 93 22.3.4 Adaptive write pulse contr
28、ol mode 94 22.4 Definition of signals 95 23 Write characteristics 95 23.1 Modulated amplitude and Signal asymmetry 95 23.2 Jitter 96 Section 6 - Characteristics of user data 97 24 Method of testing 97 Annex A (normative) Measurement of the angular deviation 99 Annex B (normative) Measurement of bire
29、fringence 101 Annex C (normative) Measurement of the differential phase tracking error 103 Annex D (normative) Reflectivity calibration and measuring method 107 Annex E (normative) Tapered cone for disk clamping 109 Annex F (normative) Measuring conditions for the operation signals 111 Annex G (norm
30、ative) 8-to-16 Recording code with RLL (2,10) requirements 113 - vi - Annex H (normative) Definition of the write pulse 123 Annex J (normative) Burst Cutting Area (BCA) 127 Annex K (informative) Guideline for randomization of the Gap length, the Guard 1 length and the recording polarity 135 Annex L
31、(informative) Transportation 137 Annex M (informative) Guideline for sector replacement 139 - vii - - viii - Section 1 - General 1 Scope This Ecma Standard specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of an optical disk, identified as DVD Rewritable Disk (DVD-RAM), to enable interc
32、hange of such disks. It specifies the quality of the recorded signals, the format of the data and the recording method, thereby allowing for information interchange by means of such disks. The data can be written, read and overwritten many times using the phase change method. Two Types are specified
33、 that differ only by their diameter of 120 mm and 80 mm, and the resulting difference of capacity. This Ecma Standard specifies two related but different Types of this disk (see clause 7), the conditions for conformance, the environments in which the disk is to be tested, operated and stored, the me
34、chanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical interchange between data processing systems, the format of the information on the disk, including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correcting codes and the coding method, the char
35、acteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, thus enabling data processing systems to read the data from the disk. This Ecma Standard provides for the interchange of disks between optical disk drives. Together with a standard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange b
36、etween data processing systems. The optical disks specified by this Ecma Standard may be enclosed in cases according to Standard ECMA-331 as specified therein. 2 Conformance 2.1 Optical Disk A claim of conformance with this Ecma Standard shall specify the Type implemented. An optical disk shall be i
37、n conformance with this Ecma Standard if it meets all mandatory requirements specified for this Type. 2.2 Generating system A generating system shall be in conformance with this Ecma Standard if the optical disk it generates is in accordance with 2.1. 2.3 Receiving system A receiving system shall be
38、 in conformance with this Ecma Standard if it is able to handle both Types of optical disk according to 2.1. 3 References The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Ecma Standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated w
39、as valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Ecma Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standards listed below. ECMA-6 (1991) 7-Bit Coded Character Set - 1 - ECMA-287 (1999) Safety of electronic e
40、quipment ECMA-331 (2001) Cases for 120 mm and 80 mm DVD-RAM Disks 4 Definitions For the purpose of this Ecma Standard the following definitions apply. 4.1 Case The housing for an optical disk, that protects the disk and facilitates disk interchange. 4.2 Channel bit The elements by which the binary v
41、alues ZERO and ONE are represented by marks and pits on the disk. 4.3 Digital Sum Value (DSV) The arithmetic sum obtained from a bit stream by allocating the decimal value 1 to Channel bits set to ONE and the decimal value -1 to Channel bits set to ZERO. 4.4 Disk Reference Plane A plane defined by t
42、he perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the clamping area of the disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation. 4.5 Dummy substrate A layer which may be transparent or not, provided for the mechanical support of the disk and/or a recording layer. 4.6 Embossed
43、mark A mark so formed as to be unalterable by optical means. 4.7 Entrance surface The surface of the disk onto which the optical beam first impinges. 4.8 Land and Groove A trench-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to define the track location. The gro
44、ove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the land. The recording is made either on the centre of the groove or on the centre of the land. 4.9 Mark A feature of the Recording layer which may take the form of an amorphous domain, a pit, or any other type or form that can be sensed by the opt
45、ical system. The pattern of marks and spaces represents the data on the disk. 4.10 Phase change A physical effect by which the area of a recording layer irradiated by a laser beam is heated so as to change from an amorphous state to a crystalline state and vice versa. 4.11 Polarization The direction
46、 of polarization of an optical beam is the direction of the electric vector of the beam. NOTE The plane of polarization is the plane containing the electric vector and the direction of propagation of the beam. The polarization is right-handed when to an observer looking in the direction of propagati
47、on of the beam, the end-point of the electric vector would appear to describe an ellipse in the clockwise sense. - 2 - 4.12 Recording layer A layer of the disk on, or in, which data is written during manufacture and/or use. 4.13 Sector The smallest addressable part of a track in the Information Zone
48、 of a disk that can be accessed independently of other addressable parts. 4.14 Space A feature of the recording layer which may take the form of a crystalline domain, a non-pit or any other type or form that can be sensed by the optical system. The pattern of marks and spaces represents the data on
49、the disk. 4.15 Substrate A transparent layer of the disk, provided for mechanical support of the recorded layer(s), through which the optical beam can access a recording layer. 4.16 Track A 360 turn of a continuous spiral. 4.17 Track pitch The distance between centrelines of adjacent tracks (a groove and a land), measured in a radial direction. 4.18 ZCLV A disk format requiring Zoned Constant Linear Velocity operations. 4.19 Zone An annular area of the disk. 5 Conventions and notations 5.1 Representation of numbers A measured value is rounded off to the least significant di
