1、ECMA Technical Report TR/71February 1998Standardizing Information and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.chDVD Read-Only DiskFile System Specifications.ECMA Technical Report TR/71February 1998Standardizing Informatio
2、n and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.chMB Tr-071.doc 10-03-98 14,24DVD Read-Only DiskFile System Specifications.Brief HistoryThis Technical Report is complementary to the Volume and File Structure for Write-Once
3、and Rewritable Media using Non-Sequential Recording for Information Interchange Standard, ECMA-167.This ECMA Technical Report has been adopted by the ECMA General Assembly in February 1998.Table of contents1 General 11.1 Scope 11.2 References 11.3 Definitions 11.3.1 anchor point 11.3.2 application 2
4、1.3.3 byte 21.3.4 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) 21.3.5 data preparer 21.3.6 descriptor 21.3.7 extent 21.3.8 file segment 21.3.9 file set 21.3.10 file set number 21.3.11 file set descriptor number 21.3.12 file unit 21.3.13 file unit size 21.3.14 Group ID 21.3.15 implementation 21.3.16 logical block 2
5、1.3.17 logical sector 31.3.18 logical volume 31.3.19 originating system 31.3.20 partition 31.3.21 partition number 31.3.22 physical sector 31.3.23 primary volume descriptor number 31.3.24 receiving system 31.3.25 sector 31.3.26 standard for recording 31.3.27 twos complement 31.3.28 UDF Bridge format
6、 31.3.29 user 31.3.30 User ID 31.3.31 volume 31.3.32 volume descriptor sequence number 41.3.33 volume group 41.3.34 volume sequence number 41.3.35 volume set 41.3.36 volume set size 41.4 Conventions and notations 41.4.1 Numerical notation 41.4.2 Arithmetic notation 41.4.3 Bit fields 41.4.4 Character
7、 strings 41.4.5 Descriptor formats 41.4.6 Descriptor sequence schema 41.4.7 List of acronyms 41.5 Data types of descriptor field 51.5.1 Numerical values 51.5.2 UDF character sets and coding 5- ii -1.5.3 ECMA-119 character sets and separators 51.5.4 Timestamp 51.5.5 Entity Identifier (EntityID) 61.5.
8、6 Descriptor Tag (tag) 71.5.7 Extent Descriptor (extent_ad) 71.5.8 Short Allocation Descriptor (short_ad) 71.5.9 Long Allocation Descriptor (long_ad) 71.5.10 Logical block address (lb_addr) 71.6 Recording of descriptors 72 Volume Structure 82.1 Requirements for DVD Read-Only disk 82.2 Volume Space 8
9、2.3 Volume Structure of UDF Bridge Format 92.4 UDF Bridge Volume Recognition Sequence 122.4.1 Beginning Extended Area Descriptor 122.4.2 NSR Descriptor 132.4.3 Terminating Extended Area Descriptor 132.5 Anchor Point 142.5.1 Anchor Volume Descriptor Pointer 142.6 Volume Descriptor Sequence 142.6.1 Pr
10、imary Volume Descriptor (UDF) 152.6.2 Implementation Use Volume Descriptor 172.6.3 Implementation Use field 172.6.4 Partition Descriptor 182.6.5 Partition Contents field 192.6.6 Partition Header Descriptor of Partition Contents Use field 202.6.7 Logical Volume Descriptor 212.6.8 Type 1 Partition Map
11、 222.6.9 Unallocated Space Descriptor 232.6.10 Terminating Descriptor 232.7 Logical Volume Integrity Sequence 232.7.1 Logical Volume Integrity Descriptor 242.7.2 Logical Volume Header Descriptor of Logical Volume Contents Use field 252.7.3 Implementation Use field 252.8 CD-ROM Volume Descriptor Set
12、262.8.1 Primary Volume Descriptor (ECMA-119) 272.8.2 Volume Descriptor Set Terminator 303 File Structure 313.1 Requirements for DVD Read-Only disk 313.2 UDF File Structure 333.3 UDF File Set Descriptor Sequence 353.3.1 File Set Descriptor 353.3.2 Terminating Descriptor 373.4.1 File Identifier Descri
13、ptor 373.5 ICB 393.5.1 File Entry 393.5.2 ICB Tag 413.5.3 Flags field in ICB Tag 423.5.4 Permissions field in File Entry 43- iii -3.6 Extended Attribute 453.6.1 Extended Attribute Header Descriptor 463.6.2 Implementation Use Extended Attribute 463.6.3 Free Extended Attribute Space of Implementation
14、Use field 473.6.4 Copyright Management Information of Implementation Use field 473.7 ECMA-119 Directory Structure and Path Table 493.7.1 Directory Record 503.7.2 Copyright Management Information of System Use field 523.7.3 Path Table Record 53Annex A - Requirements for DVD-Video disk 55Annex B - How
15、 to Read UDF Volume and File Structure 65Annex C - UDF Bridge Volume Recognition Sequence with Boot Record 67- iv -.1 General1.1 ScopeThis Technical Report specifies a profile of the ECMA-167 Standard titled Volume and File Structure for Write-Once and Rewritable Media using Non-Sequential Recording
16、 for Information Interchange for implementations ofthe Standard on DVD Read-Only disks conforming to the ECMA-ROM Standard. Specifically, this TechnicalReport specifies a new bridge format for the volume and file structure on DVD Read-Only disks to support theinterchange of information between users
17、 of both computer systems and dedicated DVD content players.This new bridge format, which is commonly known as the “UDF Bridge“ format. It is based on Standard ECMA-167 and shall conform to OSTA Universal Disk Format (UDF 1.02) specification and ECMA-119 Standard.The OSTA UDF specification defines a
18、 subset of ECMA-167 Standard in order to maximise data interchange and tominimize the cost and complexity on implementing of ECMA-167 Standard. In this Technical Report, imposessome restrictions and additional requirements to OSTA UDF specification for its application to DVD Read-Onlydisks. These re
19、strictions are necessary to make the development of dedicated DVD content player feasible.Additionally, the UDF Bridge format has a compatible volume and file structure with the ECMA-119 Standardcommonly used with CD-ROM therefore providing the advantage of being easily implemented by existing compu
20、tersystems.DVD-Video is one specific application field on the UDF Bridge format, and defines the “DVD-Video Compliant“domain. DVD-Video compliant domain imposes some restrictions on parameter fields for volume and file structuresusing the UDF Bridge format. These restrictions provide for OS independ
21、ence and a simple data structure for DVD-Video disks.1.2 ReferencesG01 ECMA-6 7-Bit Coded Character Sets (1991)G01 ECMA-119 Volume and File Structure of CDROM for Information Interchange (1887)Note 1: This standard is commonly known by its ISO version, ISO 9660:1988G01 ISO/IEC 9945-1 : 1990, Informa
22、tion technology - Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) - Part 1:System Application Program Interface (API) C LanguageG01 ECMA-167 Volume and File Structure of Write-Once and Rewritable Media using Non-SequentialRecording for Information Interchange (1996)G01 The Unicode Standard - World-wide
23、Character EncodingG01 ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993, Information technology - Universal multiple-octet coded character set (UCS) - Part 1:Architecture and basic multilingual planeG01 Universal Disk Format Specification (Revision 1.02): 1996Optical Storage Technology AssociationG01 ECMA-267 120 mm DVD - Read-
24、Only Disk (1997)G01 ECMA-268 80 mm DVD - Read-Only Disk (1997)G01 ISO/IEC 13800:1996, Information technology Procedure for the registration of identifiers and attributes forvolume and file structure.1.3 Definitions1.3.1 anchor pointOne of a specified set of logical sector numbers at which descriptor
25、s, that identify an extent of a VolumeDescriptor Sequence, may be recorded.- 2 -1.3.2 applicationA program that processes the contents of a file, and may also process selected attribute data relating tothe file or to the volume(s) on which the file is recorded.1.3.3 byteA string of eight binary digi
26、ts operated upon as a unit.1.3.4 Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)A method for computing a signature of a sequence of bytes.1.3.5 data preparerA person or other entity, which controls the preparation of the data to be recorded on a volume group.1.3.6 descriptorA structure containing descriptive informat
27、ion about a volume or file.1.3.7 extentTwo definitions apply:1) For the volume structure and ECMA-119 file structure, an extent is defined as a set of logicalsectors, the logical sector numbers of which form a continuous ascending sequence. Theaddress, or location, of an extent is the number of the
28、first logical sector in the sequence.2) For the UDF file structure, an extent is defined as a set of logical blocks, the logical blocknumbers of which form a continuous ascending sequence. The address, or location, of an extentis the number of the first logical block in the sequence.1.3.8 file segme
29、ntThe part of a file that is recorded in any one extent.1.3.9 file setA collection of the files and directories.1.3.10 file set numberThe number which identifies the file set of a logical volume. One of the file set numbers shall be 0.1.3.11 file set descriptor numberThe number which identifies the
30、File Set Descriptor of a File Set Descriptor Sequence.1.3.12 file unitA set of logical sectors that are within an extent and the logical sector numbers of which form acontinuous ascending sequence.1.3.13 file unit sizeThe number of logical sectors in the file unit of the File Segment.1.3.14 Group ID
31、An identification of a group of users.1.3.15 implementationA set of processes which enable an information processing system to behave as an originating system,or as a receiving system, or as both types of system.1.3.16 logical blockThe unit of allocation of a logical volume.- 3 -1.3.17 logical secto
32、rThe unit of allocation of a volume.1.3.18 logical volumeA non-empty set of partitions.1.3.19 originating systemAn information processing system, which may create a set of files on a volume set for the purpose ofdata interchange with another system.1.3.20 partitionAn extent of logical sectors within
33、 a volume.1.3.21 partition numberThe number which identifies the partitions of a volume. Partition numbers shall be consecutiveintegers assigned in an ascending sequence starting from 0.1.3.22 physical sectorThe unit of allocation specified in the applicable physical medium format Standard.1.3.23 pr
34、imary volume descriptor numberThe number which identifies a Primary Volume Descriptor of a Volume Descriptor Sequence. Onlyone prevailing Primary Volume Descriptor of a Volume Descriptor Sequence shall have a primaryvolume descriptor number of 0.1.3.24 receiving systemAn information processing syste
35、m, which can read a set of files from a volume set which has beencreated by another system for the purpose of data interchange.1.3.25 sectorThe data field of the smallest addressable part of the medium, that may be accessed independently ofother addressable parts of the medium.1.3.26 standard for re
36、cordingA standard that specifies the recording method and the addressing method for the informationrecorded on a medium. The specifications of the standard for recording are specified in ECMA-1671/5.10.1.3.27 twos complementA number calculated such that each bit of the number is inverted (ones are r
37、eplaced with zeros andvice versa), then one (=000.0001b) is added, ignoring overflow.1.3.28 UDF Bridge formatA format that conforms with both UDF specification and the ECMA-119 standard.1.3.29 userA person or other entity (for example, an application) that causes the invocation of the servicesprovid
38、ed by an implementation.1.3.30 User IDAn identification of a user.1.3.31 volumeA sector address space as specified in the relevant standard for recording.- 4 -1.3.32 volume descriptor sequence numberThe number which identifies a volume descriptor of a Volume Descriptor Sequence. All volumedescriptor
39、s with identical Volume Descriptor Sequence Numbers shall have equivalent contents. Theprevailing descriptors are specified in ECMA-167 3/8.4.3.1.3.33 volume groupA group of volumes within a volume set, the contents of which are established at the same time. Avolume group shall consist of one or mor
40、e consecutively numbered volumes.1.3.34 volume sequence numberThe number which identifies the volume in a volume set. The volumes in a volume set shall benumbered with consecutive integers assigned in an ascending sequence starting from 1.1.3.35 volume setA collection of one or more volumes with ide
41、ntical volume set identification.1.3.36 volume set sizeThe sequence number of the volume having the highest sequence number within the volume group.1.4 Conventions and notations1.4.1 Numerical notationNumbers in decimal notation are represented by decimal digits, namely 0 to 9. Digit(s) represents a
42、ny digit fromdigit 0 to 9.Numbers in Hexadecimal notation are represented as a sequence of one or more hexadecimal digits namely 0 to 9and A to F, suffixed by “h“.Numbers in binary notation are represented as a sequence of one or more binary digits namely 0 to 1, suffixed by“b“. ZERO represents a si
43、ngle bit with the value 0, and ONE represents a single bit with the value 1.1.4.2 Arithmetic notationThe notation ip(x) shall mean the integer part of x.1.4.3 Bit fieldsCertain fields or parts of fields are intended to be interpreted as an array of bits. This array of bits shall bereferred to as a b
44、it field. Bit positions within an n bit field are numbered such that the least significant bit isnumbered 0 and the most significant bit is numbered n-1.1.4.4 Character stringsA value for a sequence of bytes may be specified by a quoted sequence of characters, encoded according to theECMA-6 Standard
45、. For example, “Sheep“ shall represent the bytes 53h, 68h, 65h, 65h, 70h.1.4.5 Descriptor formatsThe notation of descriptor formats is specified in ECMA-167 1/6.3.1.4.6 Descriptor sequence schemaThe notation of descriptor sequence schema is specified in ECMA-167 1/6.6.1.4.7 List of acronymsBP : Byte
46、 Position within a descriptor, starting with 0 from the first byte of a sector.RBP : Relative Byte Position within a descriptor, starting with 0.LBN : Logical Block NumberLSN : Logical Sector NumberPSN : Physical Sector NumberID : Identifier- 5 -ICB : Information Control Block, an entry in an ICB de
47、scribes each recorded instance of a file.1.5 Data types of descriptor field1.5.1 Numerical valuesAn 8-bit numerical value specified by Uint8 shall be recorded as an 8-bit unsigned number in a one-byte field.A multiple-byte numerical value specified by UDF shall be recorded in the little endian repre
48、sentation.A multiple-byte numerical value specified by ECMA-119 shall be recorded in one of following representations:little endian, big endian and both byte orders.The multiple-byte numerical representation shall be specified by one of the following types:LB16 A 16-bit little endian representation
49、unsigned number. This representation is identical to Uint16 specifiedin ECMA-167 1/7.1.3 and the number that is specified in ECMA-119 7.2.1. (For example, the 16-bithexadecimal number 1234h shall be recorded as 34h, 12h.)LB32 A 32-bit little endian representation unsigned number. This representation is identical to Uint32 specifiedin ECMA-167 1/7.1.5 and the number which is specified in ECMA-119 7.3.1. (For example, the 32-bithexadecimal number 12345678h shall be recorded as 78h, 56h, 34h, 12h.)LB64 A 64-bit little endian representation unsigned number. This representation is id
