1、BRITISH STANDARD Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Resistance to wind load-Testing and calculation The European Standard EN 12444:ZOOO has the status of a British Standard ICs 91.060.50 BS EN 12444:ZOOl NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW STD=BSI
2、BS EN 12444-ENGL 2001 M 2b24bb9 0899255 5LL = BS EN 12444:2001 Amd. No. National foreword Date Comments This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12444:2000. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/538, Doors, windows, shutters, hardw
3、are and curtain walling, to Subcommittee B/538/5, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates, which has the responsibility to: - - aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK
4、interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. - A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publicat
5、ions referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisi
6、ons of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil En
7、gineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 March 2001 O BSI 03-2001 Further information Users of this standard are informed that the UK submitted a vote of disapproval on the final voting stage of the draft EN for the following reasons: 1) The
8、 Standard does not indicate how to relate the results of testing to the wind load classifications given in EN 12424. 2) EN 12424 identifies wind load classes under which no permanent deformation of the door or its components that could influence the function and safety performance of the door is per
9、mitted. Beyond that point, the door is required to stay in place, even permanently distorted, under an additional 25% wind load above the classification load. EN 12444 does not indicate how to verify conformity to this requirement. 3) EN 12444 does not indicate how to apply the safety factors given
10、in EN 12604 to cover the transfer of test results or calculated results (which have different factors) into classifications. 4) The wording of 9.2.2 is not clear and attempts are being made to have the clause rewritten as follows: When the product is exposed to wind pressures up to a required classi
11、fication level, the seals between moving parts, such as those located on the perimeters of door panels, may be breached. Where this occurs, seals shall not be physically damaged to prevent compliance with achieved classifications for other characteristics such as air permeability, water penetration
12、or thermal resistance.” 5) The issues outlined in 1,2 and 3 are being considered in the course of the preparation of the product standard, EN 13241 to which reference should be made. 6) The UK mirror committee (B/538/5) is continuing to apply for amendments to EN 12444 to deal with all the issues ou
13、tlined. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 15 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication ISBN O 680 37208 1 STD=BSI BS E
14、N 12444-ENGL 2OOL 1624bb9 089925b 458 9 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12444 November 2000 ICs 91.060.50 English version Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Resistance to wind load - Testing and calculation Portes quipants les locaux industriels, commerciaux et
15、de garage - Rsistance la charge de vent - Essais et calculs Tore -Widerstand gegen Windlast - Prfung und Berechnung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 October 2000. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
16、European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (Engli
17、sh, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republi
18、c, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITI? EUROPBEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FOR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart
19、, 36 B-1050 Brussels O 2000 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12444:2000 E Page 2 EN 12444:2000 Contents Page Foreword 2 Introduction 3 . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Scope 3 Normative references 4 Terms and definitions 4 Pri
20、nciple of test 4 Apparatus 5 Preparation of test specimen or ekments (E) . 5 Test procedure 5 . . . . . Caculation 6 Failure criteria 6 Test report 7 Annex A (informative) Example for calculation and test of door leaves . 8 Annex B (informative) Differential pressure - Test loading of door leaves 15
21、 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 33, Doors, windows, shutters, building hardware and curtain walling, the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identi
22、cal text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2001. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential req
23、uirements of EU Directive). According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembour
24、g, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. This standard is one of a series of performance standards identified within the product standard prEN 13421 : 1999. This European Standard as well as relevant national regulations and standards will enable the actua
25、l exposure levels to be determined for the individual locations of the products. Annexes A and B are informative. O BSI 03-2001 STD-BSI BS EN 12444-ENGL 2001 1b24bb9 0899258 220 W Page 3 EN 12444:2000 Introduction The objective of strength tests and calculations according to this standard is to asse
26、ss that the strength of the door assembly is sufficient to fulfil the essential requirements in the directives, to ensure that the products remain safe independent of their conditions. Tests and/or calculations may be performed by the manufacturer and/or approved laboratory. 1 Scope 1 .I Ge ne ral T
27、his European Standard specifies the test method and/or calculation of resistance to wind load for doors in a closed position. The doors are intended for installation in areas in the reach of people, for which the main intended uses are giving safe access for goods, vehicles and persons in industrial
28、, commercial or residential premises. The doors may be manually or power operated. This document applies to all doors provided in accordance with prEN 13241:1998. I .2 Exclusions This document does not apply to: - lock gates and dock gates; - doors on lifts; - doors on vehicles; - armoured doors; -
29、doors mainly for the retention of animals; - theatre textile curtains; - horizontally moving doors less than 2,5 m wide and 6,25 m2 area, designed principally for pedestrian use; - revolving doors of any size; - doors outside the reach of people (such as crane gantry fences); - railway barriers; - b
30、arriers used solely for vehicles. O BSI 03-2001 Page 4 EN 12444:2000 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are list
31、ed hereafter. For dated references subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 124
32、24:2000 Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Resistance to wind load - Classification EN 12433-1 EN 12433-2 EN 12604 Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Terminology - Part I: Types of doors Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Terminology - Part 2: Parts
33、 of doors Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Mechanical aspects - Requirements prEN 13241 : 1998 Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates - Product standard EN IS0 7345 Thermal insulation - Physical quantities and definitions (IS0 7345:1987) 3 Terms and definitions For the
34、purpose of this standard the terms and definitions in EN 12433-1 and EN 12433-2 as well as EN IS0 7345 shall apply. 4 Principle of test The principle of test is to apply a pressure differential across the test specimen, to determine failure. Full size specimen shall be tested. If it is impossible or
35、 uneconomical to achieve full-scale testing, parts of door assemblies (elements E) shall be tested for calculating a result for a full door calculation. Whether testing full door assemblies or elements of doors, the maximum heighwidth dimension which is critical to the wind load resistance (e.9. wid
36、th for vertically operating doors) shall be tested for each design criterion. In order to provide information for the extrapolation of results for smaller sizes, at least one additional test shall be completed on an alternative dimension for each design criterion. STDoBSI BS EN 12444-ENGL 2001 m Lb2
37、4bb9 08992b 789 m Page 5 EN 12444:2000 5 Apparatus A surround for the test specimen or elements shall be prepared; it shall be able to withstand the pressures applied during the test without deflecting to an extent likely to impair jointing or to impose bending stresses that might affect the perform
38、ances of test specimen. 6 Preparation of test specimen or elements (E) 6.1 manufacturer, taking into account the frame tracks and any wind resisting devices. The test specimen or elements shall be installed in the test position as advised by the 6.2 The test specimen or elements shall consist of par
39、ts that in detail conform to the production level of quality. Whenever possible the test specimen should be newly made. Doors and parts in stock are to be regarded as newly made if they fully comply with the specification of the running production. 7 Test procedure 7.1 Testing of complete doors 7.1.
40、1 Loads applied to the sample should be in accordance with annex B to give the classification as noted in Table 1 from EN 12424:2000. 7.1.2 An evenly distributed load or pressure may be applied to the surface. This can be achieved in various ways, for example, but not restricted to: a) air-pressuriz
41、ed chamber, in which case steps shall be taken to eliminate all air leakage on the product and its attachment to the supporting construction; b) bags filled with sand or water distributed over the surface of the test sample, see annex B; c) air-pressurized bags applied across the whole surface betwe
42、en a fixed rigid surface, for example the floor and the surface of the test sample. 7.2 Testing of individual or collective elements 7.2.1 Uniformly distributed loads shall be applied in the same manner as described in 7.1.2 in gradual steps and the effect upon deflection of the product, permanent d
43、istortion, engagement within the door frame and ultimate failure shall be recorded after removing the loading when considered necessary (see annex A). The original sub-assembly mass and self-deflection shall be taken into account. NOTE: For elements which contain only completely homogenous material
44、a central point loading may be used as an alternative to uniformly distributed loading. 7.2.2 To calculate the resistance for the whole door assembly, according to the example in annex A the strength of components may be individually tested for failure by applying a load in the same direction as wil
45、l result from an applied wind load. NOTE: The whole door may contain elements incorporating features such as windows or pass doors. 7.2.3 results, the test result shall contain a safety factor according to EN 12604. To ensure that production methods and material consistency will not adversely affect
46、 the O BSI 03-2001 STD-BSI BS EN 12444-ENGL 2001 Lb24bb9 08992bL 815 Page 6 EN 12444:2000 8 Calculation 8.1 Calculations shall be done in accordance with normal engineering practice. Calculations can be performed by using parameters which have been determined by preliminary tests on defined elements
47、, such as finite-element methods. Annex A describes such a simplified method. 8.1.1 Calculations shall be carried out to verify that the largest size of product to be manufactured is capable of withstanding the highest load (differential pressure) within the classification group according to EN 1242
48、4:2000 that the product is to perform. 8.1.2 It is not a requirement of this standard that every assembly that is produced shall have a set of calculations produced to suit. It is expected that factory control procedures and design control procedures will ensure consistent product quality and perfor
49、mance. 8.2 The structural opening size and area shall be used to determine the load to be applied. 8.3 When strength calculations are carried out on fixings and/or location features between a door and frame, the number of such features on a door assembly shall share the load, with an included safety factor in accordance with EN 12604. 9 Failure criteria 9.1 subjected to such loads that would cause the product to collapse. Full-scale tests, calculations, indicative testing shall all show that materials are not 9.1 .I Breakage of any component shall not occur. 9.1.2 per
