1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13284-2:2004 Stationary source emissions Determination of low range mass concentration of dust Part 2: Automated measuring systems The European Standard EN 13284-2:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.040.40 BS EN 13284-2:2004 This British Standard was published un
2、der the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 25 January 2005 BSI 25 January 2005 ISBN 0 580 45349 9 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13284-2:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee
3、 EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/1, Stationary source emissions, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publication
4、s referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary
5、 provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpret
6、ation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 25 and a back cover. The BSI copyrig
7、ht notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN132842 September2004 ICS13.040.40 Englishversion StationarysourceemissionsDeterminationoflowrangemass concentra
8、tionofdustPart2:Automatedmeasuringsystems EmissionsdesourcesfixesDterminationdelafaible concentrationenmassedepoussiresPartie2: Systmesautomatiquesdemesure EmissionenausstationrenQuellenErmittlungder Staubmassenkonzentrationbeigeringen StaubkonzentrationenTeil2:Automatische Messeinrichtungen ThisEur
9、opeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon22July2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtained
10、onapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. C
11、ENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITT
12、EEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN132842:2004:EEN 13284-2:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction .
13、4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Principle7 5 AMS performance criteria for QAL1.7 6 AMS location 9 7 Calibration and validation of the AMS (QAL2)9 7.1 General9 7.2 Calibration procedure .9 7.3 Establishing the calibration function.10 7.4 Calibration under abnormal op
14、erating conditions.10 7.5 Special circumstances in fulfilling the variability test.11 8 Ongoing quality assurance during operation (QAL3)12 9 Annual surveillance test (AST).12 Annex A (informative) Example of calculation of the calibration function and of the variability test.13 Annex B (informative
15、) Number of measurement points for calibration22 Annex C (informative) Quadratic regression .23 Bibliography 25 EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13284-2:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Sta
16、ndard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Eu
17、ropean Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative bibliography, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standard
18、s organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slova
19、kia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 4 Introduction This document describes the quality assurance procedures related to Automated Measuring Systems (AMS) for the determination of dust in flue gas, in order to meet the uncertainty requirements on measured
20、values given by regulations, e.g. EC Directives (1, 2), national or other legislation. This document is only applicable in conjunction with the general document on quality assurance of AMS described in EN 14181, and provides indications which are specific to dust measurements. The calibration and va
21、lidation of dust AMS are performed by parallel measurements with the reference manual gravimetric method described in EN 13284-1. EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 5 1 Scope This document specifies specific requirements on automated measuring systems (AMS) for dust monitoring. It is derived from EN 14181 which is
22、 the general document on the quality assurance of AMS. It is only applicable in conjunction with EN 14181. This document specifies test criteria for the QAL1 and specific requirements for QAL2, QAL3 and AST for dust AMS used for proving that the dust emissions from a source are compliant with emissi
23、on limits below 50 mg/m 3(standard conditions) in ducted gaseous streams. This document is applicable by direct correlation with the standard reference method (SRM) described in EN 13284-1. This document is primarily developed for emissions from waste incinerators. From a technical point of view, it
24、 may be applied to other processes, for which measurement at an emission limit is required with defined uncertainty. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated ref
25、erences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13284-1:2001, Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dust - Part 1: Manual gravimetric method. EN 14181:2004, Stationary source emissions Quality assurance of automat
26、ed measuring systems. EN ISO 14956, Air quality - Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a required measurement uncertainty (ISO 14956:2002). EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:1999). 3
27、 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13284-1:2001 and EN 14181:2004 and the following apply. 3.1 dust particles, of any shape, structure or density, dispersed in the gas phase at the sampling point conditions which may be collected by filtra
28、tion under specified conditions after representative sampling of the gas to be analysed, and which remain upstream of the filter and on the filter after drying under specified conditions EN 13284-1:2001 3.2 automated measuring system (AMS) measuring system permanently installed on site for continuou
29、s monitoring of emissions NOTE 1 An AMS is a method which is traceable to a reference method. NOTE 2 Apart from the analyser, an AMS includes facilities for taking samples (e.g. sample probe, sample gas lines, flow meters, regulators, delivery pumps) and for sample conditioning (e.g. dust filter, mo
30、isture removal devices, converters, diluters). This definition also includes testing and adjusting devices that are required for regular functional checks. EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 6 EN 14181:2004 NOTE 3 For the purpose of this document, AMS means automated dust measuring system. 3.3 cross sensitivity re
31、sponse of the AMS to determinants other than dust concentration NOTE Cross sensitivity can be caused for example by particle characteristics (including size, material type, electric charge, shape and moisture content), flow gas conditions (including velocity) and gas composition (including water vap
32、our, water droplets). 3.4 emission limit value (ELV) limit value related to the uncertainty requirement NOTE For the EU directives 1 and 2 it is the daily emission value that relates to the uncertainty requirement. 3.5 linearity (lack of fit) systematic deviation, within the range of application, be
33、tween the accepted value of a reference material applied to the measuring system and the corresponding output signal from the AMS NOTE Test for linearity is described in Annex B of EN 14181:2004. 3.6 limit of detection minimum value of the measurand for which the measuring system is not in the basic
34、 state, with a stated probability NOTE The basic state is usually represented by zero reference material. 3.7 period of unattended operation maximum interval of time for which the performance characteristics remain within a predefined range without external servicing, e.g. refill, calibration, adjus
35、tment 3.8 reproducibility under field conditions (r) measure of the agreement between two identical measuring systems applied in parallel in field tests at a level confidence of 95 % using the standard deviation of the difference of the paired measurements: D 95 , 0 ; 1 s t r n = () n x x s n i i i
36、2 2 1 , 2 , 1 D = = where r is the reproducibility under field conditions; 95 , 0 ; 1 n t is the two-sided Students t-factor at a confidence level of 95 % with a number of degrees of freedom n1; s Dis the standard deviation of the difference of paired measurements; EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 7 x 1, iis the
37、 ith measurement result of the first measuring system; x 2, iis the ith measurement result of the second measuring system; n is the number of parallel measurements NOTE The reproducibility under field conditions is calculated from the half-hour averaged output signals during the three-month period.
38、3.9 Standard Reference Method (SRM) method described and standardised to define an air quality characteristic, temporarily installed on site for verification purposes EN 14181:2004 NOTE For the purposes of this document, the SRM is specified in EN 13284-1. 4 Principle This document is derived from t
39、he general document on the quality assurance of AMS (EN 14181). It shall be applied in conjunction with that document. This document only deals with the specific aspects related to dust monitoring. According to EN 14181, three different levels of quality assurance are defined, designated as Quality
40、Assurance Levels (QAL). These levels cover the suitability of an AMS for its measuring task (QAL1), the validation of the AMS following its installation (QAL2), the control of the AMS during its ongoing operation on an industrial plant (QAL3). An annual Surveillance Test (AST) is also defined. 5 AMS
41、 performance criteria for QAL1 The performance of the AMS shall be assessed in a suitability test referred to as QAL1. Suitability tests for an AMS are usually carried out within the framework of certification or type approval procedures. The suitability test comprises a separate laboratory test and
42、 a three-month field test in a typical application. The requirements for the tests used in QAL1 are given in Table 1. These requirements shall be used until general requirements on AMS are specified in a European Standard on AMS certification. The manufacturer shall ensure that the delivered AMS has
43、 the same characteristics as the tested devices. EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 8 Table 1 QAL1 performance criteria LABORATORY TESTS Zero and span check shall be documented by the manufacturer and assessed during QAL1 to be appropriate for QAL3 Reference materials shall be documented by the manufacturer and as
44、sessed during QAL1 to be appropriate for AST Automatic compensation of zero and span drift, if provided shall be documented by the manufacturer and assessed during QAL1; if used as part of QAL3, the AMS shall indicate compensation beyond specified limits Linearity (lack of fit) shall be less than 4
45、% of ELV and checked by use of reference materials (also to be applied in AST) Detection limit shall be less than 2 % of ELV Influence of physical environment, such as: - temperature - electrical supply - ambient light - optical alignment - vibrations - pressure shall have an individual and total co
46、mbined influence less than 2 % of ELV within the range of variations defined by the manufacturer; shall be documented by the manufacturer and validated during QAL1 Cross sensitivity (process condition) such as: - ambient light - particle material - particle sizes - particle shapes - velocity - elect
47、rical charge - gaseous components including water vapour - droplets shall be documented by the manufacturer and validated during QAL1 FIELD TESTS (3 months) Calibration function shall pass the variability test defined in QAL2; the range of testing should be 3 times the ELV Reproducibility under fiel
48、d test conditions shall be less than 3 % of ELV Zero and span drifts shall be less than 3 % of ELV Availability and period of unattended operation to be assessed during QAL1 EN 13284-2:2004 (E) 9 It shall be proven by use of EN ISO 14956 that the total uncertainty of the measured results obtained by the AMS meets the specifications for uncertainty stated in the applicable regulations. This total uncertainty is calculated by summing all the relevant uncertainty components arising from the individual performance characteristics
