1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14096-2:2003 Non-destructive testing Qualification of radiographic film digitisation systems Part 2: Minimum requirements The European Standard EN 14096-2:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 19.100; 37.040.25 BSEN 14096-2:2003 This British Standard was published unde
2、r the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 7 May 2003 BSI 7 May 2003 ISBN 0 580 41788 3 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14096-2:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee Wee/46, Non
3、-destructive testing, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI
4、 Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for i
5、ts correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK intere
6、sts informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 7 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the d
7、ocument was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN140962 April2003 ICS19.100;37.040.25 Englishversion NondestructivetestingQualificationofradiographicfilm digitisationsystemsPart2:Minimumrequirements Essaisnondestructi
8、fsQualificationdessystmesde numrisationdesfilmsradiographiquesPartie2: Exigencesminimales ZerstrungsfreiePrfungQualifizierungvonRntgenfilm DigitalisierungssystemenTeil2:Mindestanforderungen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon14February2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegu
9、lationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversio
10、ns(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Gr
11、eece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploita
12、tioninanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN140962:2003EEN140962:2003(E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normativereferences 4 3 Termsanddefinitions. .4 4 Digitisationqualityclasses .6 5 Minimumrequirementsforfilmdigitisationqualityclasses .6EN140962:2003(E) 3 F
13、oreword Thisdocument(EN140962:2003)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC138,“Nondestructive testing“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyAFNOR. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyOctober2003,andconflictingnation
14、alstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatest byOctober2003. EN14096comprisesaseriesofEuropeanStandardsforradiographicfilmdigitisationsystemswhichismadeupof thefollowing: EN140961 Nondestructive testing Qualification of radiographic film digitisation systems Part1: Definitions,quantitativemeasurementsofima
15、gequalityparameters,standardreferencefilmand qualitativecontrol EN140962 Nondestructive testing Qualification of radiographic film digitisation systems Part2: Minimumrequirements AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplement
16、thisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal, Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.EN140962:2003(E) 4 Introduction Radiographicfilmsystemsareusedforindustrialinspec
17、tionbyXandgammarays.Toapplymodernmeansof computersupportforanalysis,transmissionandstoragetheinformationstoredintheradiographicfilmshouldbe convertedintodigitaldata(digitisation).ThisEuropeanStandarddefinesminimumrequirementstoensurethatthe relevantinformationforevaluationofthedigitaldataispreserved
18、duringthefilmdigitisationprocess. 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesthreefilmdigitisationqualityclassesfortherequirementsofnondestructive testing.Theselectedclassdependsontheradiationenergy,penetratedmaterialthicknessandthequalitylevelof theoriginalradiographicfilm.ThisEuropeanStandarddoesnotaddre
19、sssignalprocessing,displayandstorageof thedigitiseddata. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.For datedreferences,subsequen
20、tamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropean Standardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthelatesteditionofthe publicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN444, NondestructivetestingGeneralprinciplesforradiographicexaminationofmetallicmate
21、rialsbyXand gammarays. EN1435, NondestructiveexaminationofweldsRadiographicexaminationofweldedjoints. EN12681, FoundingRadiographicexamination. EN140961:2003,Nondestructivetesting Qualificationofradiographicfilmdigitisationsystems Part 1: Definitions,quantitativemeasurementsofimagequalityparameters,
22、standardreferencefilmandqualitativecontrol. ISO5579, NondestructivetestingRadiographicexaminationofmetallicmaterialsbyXandgammarays Basicrules. 3 Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply. 3.1 radiographicfilmdigitisationsystem digitiser sequential
23、applicationofthetwofunctionsbelow: a) detectionofthediffusetransmittanceofasmallunitareaofthefilm(pixel,pictureelement)bymeansofan opticaldetector,givinganelectricoutputsignal(geometricaldigitisation); b) conversionoftheaboveelectricalsignalintoanumericalvalue(densitometricaldigitisation)EN140962:20
24、03(E) 5 3.2 pixelsize P geometricalcentretocentredistancebetweenadjacentpixelsinarow(horizontalpitch)orcolumn(verticalpitch) ofthescannedimage 3.3 opticaldensity D logarithmicvaluetothebase10ofthediffuselightintensityratioinfrontof( I 0 )andbehind( I D )theradiographicfilm accordingtoequation(1): D
25、I I D 0 lg (1) 3.4 spatialfrequency f describedbyasinusoidalintensityvariationalongageometricalaxis Theperiodofthisfunctionismeasuredinnumberoflinepairspermillimetre(lp/mm). 3.5 modulationtransferfunction MTF normalisedmagnitudeoftheFouriertransform(FT)ofthedifferentiatedspatialopticaldensityedgespr
26、ead function(ESF)(seeEN140961:2003,Figure1) Itdescribestheunsharpnessfunctionofthedigitiser(contrasttransmissionasafunctionoftheobjectsize). NOTE ThisMTFcalculationisbasedonopticaldensities,whichcorrespondtotheXraydose. 3.6 digitalresolution inbit numberofbitsprovidedbytheanaloguetodigitalconvertero
27、fthedigitiserusedfordensitometricaldigitisation NOTE AdigitalresolutionofNbitscorrespondsto2 N digitalvalues. 3.7 densitycontrastsensitivity D CS minimumdensityvariationofthefilm,whichisresolvedbythedigitiser Thisismostlydeterminedbythedigitisationnoiseofthedigitise(quantumnoiseofthelightdetector).
28、NOTE ThedeterminationofthisvalueisdescribedinEN140962:2003,4.1.5. 3.8 densityrange D R rangeofmaximumandminimumopticaldensities,whichcanbemeasuredbythedigitiser Dependingontheconstructionofthedigitiser,thisdensityrangecanbesplitintoseveralworkingranges(e.g.bya differentilluminationpowerand/oradiffer
29、entdetectorintegrationtime). 3.9 workingrange D WR rangeofopticaldensities,wherethedigitiserguaranteesaminimumdensitycontrastsensitivityinonesingle acquisitionEN140962:2003(E) 6 Onlyinthisworkingrangethedigitiseddatacanbeusedforevaluation.Dependingonthedigitiserconstruction therecanbemorethanonework
30、ingrange,e.g.forbrighterordarkerfilms. 4 Digitisationqualityclasses Allradiographicfilmdigitisationsystemsaresubdividedinto3qualityclassesDS,DBandDA: DS theenhancedtechniquewhichperformsthedigitisationwithaninsignificantreductionofsignaltonoise ratioandspatialresolution. Applicationfield :digitalarc
31、hivingoffilms(digitalstorage). DB theenhancedtechnique,whichpermitssomereductionofimagequality. Applicationfield :digitalanalysisoffilms,originalradiographicfilmshavetobearchived. DA thebasictechnique,whichpermitssomereductionofimagequalityandfurtherreducedspatialresolution. Applicationfield :digita
32、lanalysisoffilms,originalradiographicfilmshavetobearchived. EachradiographicfilmdigitisationsystemforNDTapplicationsshallbeidentifiedwithallworkingrangesofoptical densities.ItshallbeclassifiedbythequalityclasscorrespondingtoTable1andthemaximumMTF20%value, correspondingtoEN140961,whichcanbeperformedb
33、ythissystem. EXAMPLE AdigitisationsystemofclassDS4,2(scannerclassDS(seeTable1),maximumMTF20%=4,2lp/mm(see Table2)canbeappliedforarchivingofradiographstakenwithXraysabove200keVor raysandcanbeappliedforallclass DBandDAdigitisationtasks. 5 Minimumrequirementsforfilmdigitisationqualityclasses 5.1 Densit
34、yrangeandworkingrangesofthefilmdigitisationsystem Table1definestheminimumdensityrangeoftheradiographicdigitisationsystem.Inthisdensityrangethe digitisershallprovideadensitycontrastsensitivity D CS with D CS 0,02.Dependingontheconstructionofthe digitiser,thisdensityrangecanbesplitintoseveralworkingra
35、nges. Theminimumdigitalresolutionisgivenfordevicesconvertingthedigitalvalueproportionaltotheopticaldensity.If thedigitalvalueisconvertedproportionaltothelightintensity,thedigitalresolutionhastobeincreasedatleastby 2additionalbits. Table1Minimumdensityrangeoftheradiographicdigitisationsystemwithamini
36、mumdensitycontrast sensitivity Parameter ClassDS ClassDB ClassDA Densityrange a D R 0,5to4,5 0,5to4,0 0,5to3,5 Digitalresolutioninbit 12 10 10 Densitycontrastsensitivity D CS within D R 0,02 0,02 0,02 a Thisdensityrangemaybesplittedintoseparatedworkingranges. 5.2 Minimumspatialresolutionoffilmdigiti
37、sationsystems DuetotheenergydependenceoftheinherentunsharpnessofindustrialXrayfilmsystemsthefollowing parameters(seeTable2)shallbeobserved:EN140962:2003(E) 7 Table2Minimumspatialresolutionoffilmdigitisationsystems Energy ClassDS ClassDB ClassDA keV Pixelsize m MTF20% lp/mm Pixelsize m MTF20% lp/mm P
38、ixelsize m MTF20% lp/mm 100 15 16,7 50 5 70 3,6 100to200 30 8,3 70 3,6 85 3 200to450, Se75,Yb169 60 4,2 85 3 100 2,5 Ir192 100 2,5 125 2 150 1,7 Co60,1MeV 200 1,25 250 1 250 1 NOTE1 ForthenormalcheckcorrespondingtoEN140961,theMTF20%valuecanbedeterminedbytheconverging spatialresolutiontargets. NOTE 2
39、 Duetopossiblealiasing,theconvergingspatialresolutiontargetscangivelessaccuratevaluesthanMTF measurements. NOTE3 For energies lower than70keV the spatial resolution of the radiographic film can be better than the scanner resolutionrequiredbytheclassDS16,7.Inthiscasethespatialresolutionofthescannersh
40、ouldbeadaptedtothefilm resolution,ortheoriginalradiographicfilmshouldbearchived. 5.3 Digitisationclassdependingontheradiographictestingclass ThestandardsISO 5579,EN 444,EN 1435orEN 12681definetworadiographictestingclassesAandB. Radiographstakenaccordingtothesestandardsshallbedigitisedcorrespondingto
41、Table3. Table3MinimumdigitisationclassdependingontheradiographictestingclassesAandB,if radiographsaretakenonthebasisofISO5579,EN444,EN1435orEN12681 wallthicknessmm steel ClassDS ClassDB ClassDA 5 B A 5 BBA NOTE ForthedetectionofcracksandfineimperfectionsClassDBorbettershouldbeused. Afterdigitisation
42、processallrequiredimagequalityindicatorsshallbevisibleinthedigitalimageasontheoriginal radiographicfilm.BS EN 14096-2:2003 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK v
43、iew on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve
44、the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9000. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7400. BSI offers me
