1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14385:2004 Stationary source emissions Determination of the total emission of As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, TI and V The European Standard EN 14385:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.040.40 BS EN 14385:2004 This British Standard was published under the auth
2、ority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 22 March 2003 BSI 22 March 2003 ISBN 0 580 43578 4 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14385:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air quality
3、 to Subcommittee EH/2/1, Stationary source emissions, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in t
4、his document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a c
5、ontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposal
6、s for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 40, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI cop
7、yright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN14385 February2004 ICS13.040.40 Englishversion StationarysourceemissionsDeterminationofthetotal emissionofA
8、s,Cd,Cr,Co,Cu,Mn,Ni,Pb,Sb,TIandV EmissionsdesourcesfixesDterminationdelmission totaledeAs,Cd,Cr,Co,Cu,Mn,Ni,Pb,TIetV EmissionenausstationrenQuellenBestimmungder GesamtemissionvonAs,Cd,Cr,Co,Cu,Mn,Ni,Pb,TI undV ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon2July2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENE
9、LECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinth
10、reeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark
11、Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG Managem
12、entCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN14385:2004:EEN14385:2004(E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normativereferences 6 3 Termsanddefinitions,symbolsandabbreviations .6 4 Pr
13、inciple8 5 Apparatus,chemicalsandgases .9 6 Samplingequipment 12 7 Cleaningofthesamplingequipmentpriortosampling 13 8 Procedure .14 9 Expressionofresults . .23 10 Testreport 26 AnnexA (informative) Examplesofabsorptionvessels .27 AnnexB (informative) Typesofisokineticequipment.29 AnnexC (informative
14、) Precleaningproceduresofthesamplingequipmentatthelaboratoryand determinationoftheabsorptionefficiency. 30 AnnexD (informative) Measurementresultsoftwofieldtests.33 AnnexE (informative) Pretestsforthedeterminationoftheefficiency,ofthedigestionandofthe performanceoftheanalyticalprocedures . .36 Annex
15、ZA (informative) RelationshipwithEUDirectives39 Bibliography 40EN14385:2004(E) 3 Foreword Thisdocument(EN14385:2004)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC 264“Airquality”,the secretariatofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidentic
16、altextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyAugust2004,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestby August2004. ThisdocumenthasbeenpreparedunderamandategiventoCENbytheEuropeanCommissionandtheEuropean FreeTradeAssociation,andsupportsessentialrequirementsofEUDirectives. ForrelationshipwithEUDi
17、rectives,seeinformativeAnnexZA,whichisanintegralpartofthisdocument. InthisEuropeanStandardtheAnnexesAtoEareinformative. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,D
18、enmark, Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta, Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom.EN14385:2004(E) 4 Introduction ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesamethodforthedeterminationofthetota
19、lmassconcentrationofspecific elementsinfluegasesofwasteincinerators.DuringtheestablishmentofthisEuropeanStandardfieldtestswere performedinordertodeterminesomeperformancecharacteristics.Thesetestsshowedthatinthe“gaseous” phasemostoftheelementscannotbedeterminedquantitativelyintheabsorptionsolutions.T
20、herefore,theresults ofthismethodareexpressedasthetotalelementmassconcentrations(i.e.sumofgaseous,dissolvedindroplets, solidandadsorbedonparticles).Thismeansthatwhenthespecificelementsaremainlyinthesolidphaseno significantlosses(biases)shouldoccurduetothepoorabsorptionefficiencyfortheelementsinthegas
21、eous phase.Thequalitycheckrequirementforapprovaloftheresultsisthemassinthelastabsorberexpressedasa minimumpercentageofthetotalmass;thisminimumissetataratherhighlevel,basedontheexperiencesofthe absorptionefficienciesinthefieldtests. WhenthisEuropeanStandardisappliedforconditionsthataredifferentfromth
22、oseinvestigatedduringthefield testsatmunicipalwasteincinerators,theresultsmaynotbethesameasexperiencedduringthesefieldtests described.EN14385:2004(E) 5 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesamanualreferencemethodforthedeterminationofthemassconcentrationof specificelementsinexhaustgasesfromhazardousand
23、municipalwasteincinerators1.Themethodisapplicable toeachofthespecificelementsintheconcentrationrangeof0,005mg/m 3 to0,5mg/m 3 .Unlessotherwisestated, concentrationsareexpressedatvolumesunderdryconditions,normalisedto273K,101,3kPa,andoxygen contentwithavolumefractionof11%. Specificelementsaccordingto
24、thisEuropeanstandardareantimony(Sb),arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),chromium (Cr),cobalt(Co),copper(Cu),lead(Pb),manganese(Mn),nickel(Ni),thallium(Tl),andvanadium(V). ThisEuropeanStandardisalsoapplicableforexhaustgasesfromothersourceswithafluegascomposition, similartothatgiveninTable1.Theperformancecharacte
25、risticsofthemethoddeterminedforwasteincincerators cannotbeextrapolatedtobeusedforothertypesofmatrixwithoutanyfurthervalidationwork. NOTE ThisEuropeanStandardhasbeenvalidatedwiththedescribedmaterials,equipment,samplinganddigestion performancesetc.,followedbyanalyseswithAASandICP.Thisdoesnotexcludethe
26、useofothertypesthatmeetthe requirementsandproventobeequivalenttothedescribedEuropeanStandard. ThisEuropeanStandardhasbeenvalidatedforthedeterminationofthemassconcentrationofmetalsin incinerationexhaustgases,withintheuncertaintiesstatedinclause9. Ifmercuryistobedeterminedaswell,thismaybesampledinasid
27、estreamarrangementofthesamplingtrain (EN13211). Table1Exhaustgasmatrix Parameter tobe determined Massconcentrationrange total suspended matter 0mg/m 3 to 20mg/m 3 TOC a) 0mg/m 3 to 20mg/m 3 HCl 0mg/m 3 to 20mg/m 3 HF 0mg/m 3 to 2mg/m 3 SO 2 0mg/m 3 to 100mg/m 3 CO 0mg/m 3 to 250mg/m 3 NO x asNO 2 0m
28、g/m 3 to 500mg/m 3 Volumefractionrange CO 2 3% to 15%(dry,actual) H 2 O(ga) 10% to 35%(actual) O 2 3% to 17%(dry,actual) Temperature 60C to 200 C a) totalorganiccarbonEN14385:2004(E) 6 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications.The
29、se normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.For datedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropean Standardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthelatesteditionofthe publicat
30、ionreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN132841:2001, StationarysourceemissionsDeterminationoflowrangemassconcentrationofdustPart1: Manualgravimetricmethod EN13211:2001, AirqualityStationarysourceemissionsManualmethodofdeterminationoftheconcentration oftotalmercury ISO57252, Accuracy(truenessand
31、precision)ofmeasurementmethodsandresultsPart2:Basicmethodfor thedeterminationofrepeatabilityandreproducibilityofastandardmeasurementmethod 3 Termsanddefinitions,symbolsandabbreviations 3.1Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply. 3.1.1 absorber ad
32、eviceinwhichspecificelementsareabsorbedintoanabsorptionliquid 3.1.2 chemicalblank asolutionusedtocheckthepurityofthechemicalsemployedbythelaboratory NOTE Thechemicalblankvalueisdeterminedbyanalysingthechemicalblanksolution(producedasdescribedin5.2.10) forthespecificelements.Thischemicalblankistobeus
33、edasblankforalldigestionsusingacidsfromoneandthesamebatc h. Furthermore,thischemicalblankshouldbeusedfordilutionoflaboratorystandards. 3.1.3 filterblank thefilterblankvalueisdeterminedforeachspecificelementbytreatmentandanalysisofanunusedfilterwhich hasbeentakenfromthesamebatchasthesamplefilters.The
34、treatmentofthefilterblankisspecifiedin8.7.3.The filterblankgivestheblankvaluesforthefilterandtreatmentonly.Thisvaluemaybesubtractedfromtheanalytical value.Thefilterblankis notthesameasthefieldblank(see8.5) 3.1.4 fieldblank samplesoffilter,absorptionandrinsingsolutionstakenatsiteswithoutsamplinggasan
35、danalysedasanormal sample(explanationsee8.5) Ineverycampaignofsampling,atleastonesamplingblankshouldbetakenateachductorchimneywhere samplingistobecarriedout. 3.1.5 filteredmaterial materialscollectedonthefilter 3.1.6 filterpassingmaterial componentspassingthefilterandrecoveredintherestoftheabsorbing
36、systemEN14385:2004(E) 7 3.1.7 frittedgasdistributor apartoftheabsorberwherethegasstreamisdistributedintotheabsorptionliquid 3.1.8 representativesampling samplingasstatedinEN132841:2001 3.1.9 specificelements Antimony(Sb),arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),cobalt(Co),copper(Cu),lead(Pb),manganese(M
37、n), nickel(Ni),thallium(Tl),vanadium(V)andtheircompounds 3.1.10 totalspecificelements sumofallspecificelementsof3.1.9apartfromCdandTlcontainedintheexhaustgas,i.e.thesumofthefiltered andfilterpassingpartsoftheseelements 3.1.11 samplingcampaign samplingatoneductorlocationduringonesitevisit 3.2Symbols
38、3.2.1 A Crosssectionarea,insquaremetres(m) 3.2.2 Q Flowrateofthesampledgas,incubicmetresperhourorlitresperminute(m/horl/min) 3.2.3 T Temperature,inKelvin(K) 3.2.4 V Gasvolumedryatstandardconditions,incubicmetresorlitres(morl) 3.2.5 L Leakagerate(volumeratio) 3.2.6 O Oxygenvolumecontentofthefluegas,i
39、npercentage(%) 3.2.7 m Mass,inmilligrams(mg) 3.2.8 n Numberofabsorptionvessels 3.2.9 p Pressure,inkilopascals(kPa) 3.2.10 Massconcentration,e.g.inmilligramspercubicmetre(mg/m);gramsperlitre(g/l) 3.2.11 c Massconcentration,ingramsperlitre(g/l) 3.2.12 Absorptionefficiency 3.2.13w Massfractioninpercent
40、) 3.2.14r 4 20 Density,inkilogramsperlitre(kg/l)at20Crelatedtothewaterof4C 3.2.15 Specificconductivity,inmicroSiemenspermetre(Sm 1 ) 3.2.16 Specificresistance,inmegaOhmandmetre(M EN14385:2004(E) 8 3.3Abbreviations 3.3.1 CRM Certifiedreferencematerial 3.3.2 El Specificelement 3.3.3 FEP Polyperfluor
41、oethene/propene 3.3.4 PE Polyethene 3.3.5 PFA Perfluoroalkoxycompounds 3.3.6 PP Polypropene 3.3.7 PTFE Polytetrafluoroethene 3.3.8 amb Ambient;index 3.3.9 gas Gaseous;index 3.3.10main Mainstream;index 3.3.11side Sidestream;index 3.3.12mes Dry,temperature,pressureatmeasuringconditions;index 3.3.13b H
42、umidity,pressure,temperatureatmeasuringconditions;index 3.3.14f Wetatstandardconditions;index 3.3.15sol Particlebound;index 3.3.16norm Normalizedtoadryoxygencontentof11%(volumefraction);index 3.3.17per Permitted;index 3.3.18obs Observed;index 3.3.19int Internal;index 3.3.20 0 Temperatureatstandardco
43、nditionof273K,pressureatstandardconditionof101,3kPa,dryvolumeat 273Kand101,3kPa;index 4Principle Aknownvolumeoffluegasisextractedisokineticallyandrepresentativelyfromaductorchimneyduringacertain periodoftimeatacontrolledflowratefollowingEN132841:2001.Thedustinthesampledgasvolumeiscollected onafilter.Thereafter,thegasstreamispassedthroughaseriesofabsorberscontainingabsorptionsolutionsand thefilterpassingfractionsofthespecificelementsarecollectedwithinthesesolutions. Thefilter,absorptionsolutionandrinsingsolutionsarerecoveredforanalysis. Thefil
