1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 14971:2006Textiles Knitted fabrics Determination of number of stitches per unit length and unit areaThe European Standard EN 14971:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 59.080.30g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g
2、49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 14971:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 17 February 2006 BSI 17 February 2006ISBN 0 580 47630 1National forewor
3、dThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14971:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/24, Textiles Physical testing, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on r
4、equest to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI
5、Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers
6、to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document compri
7、ses a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEU
8、ROPISCHE NORMEN 14971January 2006ICS 59.080.30English VersionTextiles - Knitted fabrics - Determination of number of stitchesper unit length and unit areaTextiles - Etoffes tricotes - Dtermination du nombre demailles par unit de longueur et unit de surfaceTextilien - Maschenwaren - Bestimmung der Ma
9、schenzahlje Lngeneinheit und FlcheneinheitThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 December 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
10、Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunde
11、r the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Icelan
12、d, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassa
13、rt, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14971:2006: EEN 14971:2006 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword 3 1 Scope .4 2 Normative references .4 3 Terms and definitions.4 4 Principle.5 5 Apparatus 5 6 Condit
14、ioning and testing atmosphere.5 7 Test specimen .5 8 Procedure 5 9 Calculation and expression of results.6 10 Test report .6 Annex A (informative) Examples of measurement and calculation7 Bibliography.8 EN 14971:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This European Standard (EN 14971:2006) has been prepared by Technica
15、l Committee CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile products”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2006, and conflicting national standards shall
16、 be withdrawn at the latest by July 2006. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hu
17、ngary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 14971:2006 (E) 4 1 Scope This test method determines the number of wales and courses per centimetre in most knit
18、ted fabrics. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN I
19、SO 139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 139:2005) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 weft-knitted fabrics generic name applied to knitted fabrics in which the stitches made by each weft th
20、read are formed substantially across the width of the fabric NOTE Weft-knitted fabrics are characterised by the fact that each weft thread is fed at right angles to the direction in which the fabric is produced. 3.2 warp-knitted fabrics generic name applied to knitted fabrics in which the stitches m
21、ade from each warp thread are formed substantially along the length of the fabric NOTE Warp knitted fabrics are characterised by the fact that each warp thread is fed more or less in line with the direction in which the fabric is produced. 3.3 course row of stitches across the width of a weft-knitte
22、d or of a warp-knitted fabric 3.4 wale column of stitches along the length of a weft-knitted or of a warp-knitted fabric 3.5 technical face surface of a fabric that consists wholly of face stitches, i.e. stitches that are so intermeshed in the fabric that its legs are situated above the top arcs of
23、the stitches formed in the same wale in the previous course 3.6 opposite side technical back surface of a fabric that consists wholly of reverse stitches, i.e. stitches that are so intermeshed in the fabric that the top arcs and the bottom arcs, as well as the underlaps in a warp-knitted fabric, are
24、 situated above the legs of the stitches formed in the same wale in the previous and the following course NOTE The technical back is sometimes used as the effect side of the garment. EN 14971:2006 (E) 5 4 Principle The wales and courses in a representative sample of a knitted fabric are counted usin
25、g suitable magnifying and counting devices and reported to the length for calculation. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Counting glass, the aperture width of which shall be a minimum 20 mm in each direction. Other suitable apparatus may be used. 5.2 Calibrated ruler, graduated in increments of 1 mm. 5.3 Dissecting n
26、eedles, scissors or shape blade. 5.4 Suitable optical device with magnification. 6 Conditioning and testing atmosphere The standard temperate atmosphere for preconditioning, conditioning and testing textiles as specified in EN ISO 139 shall be used. 7 Test specimen The test specimen shall be large e
27、nough to enable the wales and courses to be counted at five different places, selected to represent the fabric as fully as possible. The test specimen shall exclude the edges of the fabric. 8 Procedure 8.1 General Lay the test specimen on a horizontal surface, un-tensioned, in the standard atmospher
28、e for conditioning and testing (see EN ISO 139) for a minimum of 16 h to ensure that a relaxed state is achieved. 8.2 Preliminary test Lay a counting glass on the knitted fabric in such a manner that two of the edges are strictly parallel to the wales. Count, with the dissecting needle, the number o
29、f wales to the nearest half stitch. If the number of wales is 10 or more per centimetre, then use method A. If the number of wales is less than 10 per centimetre, proceed using method B. Determine the length (Lb) to ensure that the number of wales counted is greater than 30. Repeat the same procedur
30、e for the courses in the fabric. 8.3 Method A: Counting glass 8.3.1 Counting of wales Note the aperture width (La) of the counting device. Lay the counting glass on the knitted fabric in such a manner that two of the edges are strictly parallel to the wales. Count, with the dissecting needle, the nu
31、mber of wales to the nearest half stitch. Repeat the procedure in at least five different places. EN 14971:2006 (E) 6 8.3.2 Counting of courses Note the aperture width (La) of the counting device. Lay the counting glass on the knitted fabric in such a manner that two of the edges are strictly parall
32、el to the courses. Count, with the dissecting needle, the number of courses to the nearest half stitch. Repeat the procedure in at least five different places. In complex structures the wales and courses recognised on visual inspection of the fabric may be made up of two or more structures. In such
33、case the determination of the number of stitches per area shall be measured. 8.4 Method B: Ruler 8.4.1 Counting of wales Lay the measuring rule on the knitted fabric parallel to the courses. Using the dissecting needle, count, to the nearest half stitch, the number of wales over the length (Lb) dete
34、rmined in the preliminary test. Repeat the procedure in at least five different places. 8.4.2 Counting of courses Lay the measuring rule on the knitted fabric parallel to the wales. Using the dissecting needle, count, to the nearest half stitch, the number of courses over the length (Lb) determined
35、in the preliminary test. Repeat the procedure in at least five different places. In complex structures the wales and courses recognised on visual inspection of the fabric may be made up of two or more structures. In such case the determination of the number of stitches per area shall be measured. 9
36、Calculation and expression of results Calculate the individual numbers of wales and courses per centimetre. Calculate the arithmetic mean of the individual results in each direction. Calculate the number of stitches per square centimetre by multiplying the wale and course direction means. 10 Test re
37、port The test report shall contain the following information: a) reference to this European Standard, i.e. EN 14971; b) identification of the sample; c) method A or B used; d) measurement face; e) individual numbers of wales and courses per centimetre; f) arithmetic mean of the individual results in
38、 each direction; g) number of stitches per square centimetre; h) any deviations from this European Standard which may have affected the results. EN 14971:2006 (E) 7 Annex A (informative) Examples of measurement and calculation Loop drawing Indication of the counted stitches on the yarn path drawing
39、Indication of the counting related to the drawings Rib 1x1 No of wales: 5 No of courses: 4 Interlock No of wales: 4 No of courses: 3 Half cardigan rib No of wales: 5 No of courses: 3 Warp knit: satin No of wales: 4 No of courses: 4 EN 14971:2006 (E) 8 Bibliography 1 EN ISO 4921, Knitting Basic conce
40、pts Vocabulary (ISO 4921:2000) 2 EN ISO 8388, Knitted fabrics Types Vocabulary (ISO 8388:1998) blankBS EN 14971:2006BSI389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW4 4ALBSI British Standards InstitutionBSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on stand
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