1、BS EN 14984:2016Liming materials Determination of producteffect on soil pH Soilincubation methodBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN 14984:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14984:2016. It super
2、sedes BS EN 14984: 2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/37, Fertilisers and related chemicals.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to inc
3、lude all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016 .Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 87460 4 ICS 65.080 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This B
4、ritish Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 14984:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14984 July 2016 ICS 65.080 Supersedes EN 149
5、84:2006English Version Liming materials - Determination of product effect on soil pH - Soil incubation method Amendements minraux basiques - Dtermination de leffet dun produit sur le pH dun sol - Mthode par incubation du sol Kalkdnger - Bestimmung des Produkteinflusses auf des Boden-pH-Wert - Bodeni
6、nkubationsverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 May 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bib
7、liographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the respo
8、nsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Rep
9、ublic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMA
10、LISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14984:2016 EBS EN 14984:2016EN 14984:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European Fo
11、reword 4 Introduction 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Principle . 9 4.1 General 9 4.2 Method A. 9 4.3 Method B. 9 5 Method A 10 5.1 Reagents and materials 10 5.1.1 Reference soil, . 10 5.1.2 Reference liming material (RLM), 10 5.1.3 Water, . 10 5.2 Apparatus 10 5.2
12、.1 Temperature-controlled room, . 10 5.2.2 pH meter, . 10 5.2.3 Beakers, . 10 5.2.4 Pots, . 10 5.2.5 Volumetric spoons, 10 5.2.6 Magnetic stirrer 10 5.2.7 Balance, 10 5.2.8 Precision balance, 10 5.2.9 Test sieves, 11 5.3 Sampling of products and sample preparation . 11 5.4 Procedure 11 5.4.1 Prepara
13、tion of the standard soil . 11 5.4.2 Test portions 11 5.4.3 Preparation of pots 11 5.4.4 Incubation . 12 5.4.5 pH measurements 12 5.5 Expression of results . 12 5.6 Precision 14 5.6.1 General . 14 5.6.2 Repeatability 14 5.6.3 Reproducibility . 16 6 Method B 17 6.1 Reagents and materials 17 6.1.1 Sta
14、ndard soil, . 17 6.1.2 Alternative standard soils, 18 6.1.3 Reference liming material, . 18 6.1.4 Water, . 18 6.2 Apparatus 18 6.2.1 Temperature-controlled room, . 18 BS EN 14984:2016EN 14984:2016 (E) 3 6.2.2 pH meter, . 19 6.2.3 Beakers, 19 6.2.4 Pots, . 19 6.2.5 Volumetric spoons,. 19 6.2.6 Magnet
15、ic stirrer . 19 6.2.7 Balance, 19 6.2.8 Precision balance, . 19 6.2.9 Test sieves, 19 6.3 Sampling of products and sample preparation . 19 6.4 Procedure 20 6.4.1 Preparation of the standard soil . 20 6.4.2 Test portions 20 6.4.3 Preparation of pots 20 6.4.4 Incubation . 21 6.4.5 pH measurements. 21
16、6.5 Expression of results . 21 6.5.1 pH measurements. 21 6.5.2 Soil-lime efficiency data . 21 6.6 Precision 22 6.6.1 General . 22 6.6.2 Repeatability 22 6.6.3 Reproducibility 23 7 Test report 27 Annex A (informative) Variations to the test methods 28 A.1 General . 28 A.2 Variations 28 A.2.1 Differen
17、t measurement periods 28 A.2.2 Supply of different amounts . 28 A.2.3 Soil different from the standard soil 28 A.2.4 Different incubation temperature 29 A.2.5 Additional measurements . 29 Annex B (normative) Determination of moisture at full soil water holding capacity 30 Bibliography . 32 BS EN 149
18、84:2016EN 14984:2016 (E) 4 European Foreword This document (EN 14984:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 260 “Fertilizers and liming materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication o
19、f an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held respo
20、nsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14984:2006. The following changes have been made to the former edition: a) effective neutralizing value by incubation (ENVI) added as alternative way for the expression of results; b) Formula for calculation of ENVI fo
21、r method A added; c) Formula for calculation of ENVI for method B added; d) editorially revised. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cypr
22、us, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
23、 Kingdom. BS EN 14984:2016EN 14984:2016 (E) 5 Introduction The chemical methods for determining the neutralizing value (NV) (see EN 12945) and the reactivity (see EN 13971 and EN 16357) of liming materials are not always appropriate indicators for any material claimed to have a liming effect in the
24、soil, particularly materials with a high organic matter content. The biological mineralization of organic matter contained in some products can, in the field, have an effect on pH, which cannot be quantified by the chemical methods. The two methods described in this document overcome these problems.
25、 Both methods characterize products through their effect on the pH of a soil under controlled, standard conditions, and establish the efficiency of products when applied to a standard soil. Method A specifies a reference soil with tight characteristics with respect to pH range before incubation, cat
26、ion exchange capacity (CEC), mass fraction of organic carbon, and mass fraction of particles finer than 0,002 mm (clay). Method B can apply the same reference soil as Method A, but also allows alternative standard soils with a wider content of particles finer than 0,002 mm (clay), and a wider range
27、of mass fraction of organic matter. Clay and organic matter are the decisive reactants to a liming material However, attention is drawn to the limitations of these methods. They are laboratory methods carried out under controlled conditions and care should be taken when applying the results to field
28、 conditions. The quality of incorporation of the liming material into the soil and the eventual need to break down the product agglomerates, together with the soil and climate conditions, can affect the results. Nevertheless, these methods allow a comparison of the potential neutralizing effect of l
29、iming products under optimum and reproducible conditions. BS EN 14984:2016EN 14984:2016 (E) 6 1 Scope This document specifies two methods (method A and method B) of measuring the effect of the addition of any material claimed to have a liming effect on the soil, using the same basic principles. Meth
30、od A measures the changes to the soil pH resulting from the addition of any material claimed to have a liming effect on a standard soil, measured over a period of one month. Method B assesses the efficiency of any material claimed to have a liming effect, using a range of defined soils and measured
31、over a period of up to 2,5 years. The methods are not applicable to mineral products coarser than 6,3 mm for method A or 20 mm for method B, determined according to EN 12948. NOTE These methods allow comparison of products under controlled climatic conditions but do not replace field experiments. 2
32、Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendme
33、nts) applies. EN 1482-1, Fertilizers and liming materials - Sampling and sample preparation - Part 1: Sampling EN 1482-3, Fertilizers and liming materials Sampling and sample preparation Part 3: Sampling of static heaps EN 12048, Solid fertilizers and liming materials - Determination of moisture con
34、tent - Gravimetric method by drying at (105 +/- 2)C (ISO 8190:1992 modified) EN 12049, Solid fertilizers and liming materials - Determination of moisture content - Gravimetric method by drying under reduced pressure (ISO 8189:1992 modified) EN 12945, Liming materials - Determination of neutralizing
35、value - Titrimetric methods EN 12948, Liming materials - Determination of size distribution by dry and wet sieving EN 13040, Soil improvers and growing media - Sample preparation for chemical and physical tests, determination of dry matter content, moisture content and laboratory compacted bulk dens
36、ity EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696) ISO 3310-1, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth ISO 3310-2, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 2: Test sieves of perforated metal plate
37、 ISO 10390:2005, Soil quality Determination of pH ISO 11272, Soil quality Determination of dry bulk density ISO 11277, Soil quality Determination of particle size distribution in mineral soil material Method by sieving and sedimentation BS EN 14984:2016EN 14984:2016 (E) 7 ISO 11465, Soil quality Det
38、ermination of dry matter and water content on a mass basis Gravimetric method ISO 14235, Soil quality Determination of organic carbon by sulfochromic oxidation NF X31-130, Soil quality Chemical methods Determination of the cationic exchange capacity (CEC) and extractible cations (buffered at pH = 7,
39、 Metson method)1)3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 efficiency ability of a liming material to react in soil or solution within a specified time Note 1 to entry: In this document, efficiency is calculated as mentioned in 6.5.2. 3
40、.2 internal peak values approach crediting fine fractions of a product or other highly reactive materials for 100 % efficiency in soil when reaching maximum pH value Note 1 to entry: This efficiency is maintained even if pH later drops due to soil microbial counteraction (acidification). Note 2 to e
41、ntry: For further clarification see Figure 1 and Figure 2. Key no liming materal different products X weeks of incubation Y soil pH Figure 1 Soil pH versus weeks of soil incubation 1)No international buffered method is available at pH = 7. As soon as an International Standard is available for cation
42、 exchange capacity buffered at pH = 7, it will replace the NF X 31-130. BS EN 14984:2016EN 14984:2016 (E) 8 Key no liming materal different products X weeks of incubation Y efficiency in percent Figure 2 Efficiency versus weeks of soil incubation 3.3 liming index ratio of the improvement in soil pH
43、due to the product under test to that achieved using the reference liming material Note 1 to entry: The liming index, LIxis an indicator given by the following =x(pH1 - pH2)(pH3 - pH4)LI where LI is the liming index; pH1 is the pH of the soil with tested product after time x; pH2 is the pH of the so
44、il alone after time x; pH3 is the pH of the soil with the reference liming material after time x; pH4 is the pH of the soil alone after time x; x is the length of time of the incubation test. Default value is four weeks. BS EN 14984:2016EN 14984:2016 (E) 9 3.4 effective neutralising value by incubat
45、ion ENVI alternative expression of results, expressed as NV equivalent Note 1 to entry: The effective neutralizing value by incubation, ENVI, is an indicator given by the following Formula: = 4weeksENVI LI RLMNV (for method A, see 5.5, Table 2) = iweeks iweeks/100ENVI E RLMNV (for method B, see 6.5.
46、2) where ENVI is the effective neutralizing value by incubation; LI4weeksis the liming index at 4 weeks in method A; Ei weeksis the efficiency at i weeks in method B; RLMNV is the neutralizing value of the reference liming material (5.1.2); if the conventional NV unit is CaO, RLMNV = 75,6 if the con
47、ventional NV unit is HO-, RLMNV = 45,8. 4 Principle 4.1 General Incorporation of a standardized amount of liming material or material claimed to have a liming effect into a reference soil or range of defined soils. Incubation of these soils under controlled climatic conditions for a defined period.
48、Checking the buffer capacity of the soil with a reference liming material and measuring the changes in soil pH. 4.2 Method A Monitoring after 24 h, 2 weeks and 4 weeks the changes in soil pH under controlled temperature and moisture conditions. 4.3 Method B Monitoring after 24 h, 1 week, 3 weeks, 6
49、weeks, 12 weeks, 24 weeks and 48 weeks, and 1 year, 1,5 years, 2 years and 2,5 years of the changes in soil pH under controlled temperature and moisture conditions. When testing calcined products (burnt products and slaked products), add monitoring at 1 h, 3 h and 6 h and 3 days. The test may be stopped at any time after 3 weeks, according to information required. The tests should be performed within the pH range of 4,6 to 7,0, subject to there being a linearity response. BS EN 14984:2016EN 14984:2016 (E) 10 5 Method A 5.1 Reagents and
