1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15041:2014Chemicals used for treatmentof water intended forhuman consumption Antiscalants for membranes PolyphosphatesBS EN 15041:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15041:2014. It supersedes BS EN 15041:2006 which
2、 is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary p
3、rovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 82970 3 ICS 13.060.20; 71.100.80 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Sta
4、ndard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 15041:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15041 March 2014 ICS 71.100.80 Supersedes EN 15041:2006English V
5、ersion Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Antiscalants for membranes - Polyphosphates Produits chimiques pour le traitement de leau destine la consommation humaine - Produits antitartre pour membranes - Polyphosphates Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fr den me
6、nschlichen Gebrauch - Antiscalants fr Membranen - Polyphosphate This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 January 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard w
7、ithout any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any oth
8、er language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
9、 Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMM
10、ITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15041:2014 EBS EN 15041:2
11、014EN 15041:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Description .5 4 Purity criteria 5 5 Test methods 7 6 Labelling - Transportation - Storage 8 Annex A (informative) General information on polyphosphates 10 Bibliography . 12 BS EN 15041:2014EN 15041:
12、2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15041:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at t
13、he latest by September 2014 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2014. This document supersedes EN 15041:2006. Significant technical differences between this edition and EN 15041:2006 are as follows: replacement of warning and safety precautions notes by l
14、abelling according to REGULATION (EC) No 1272/2008. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland
15、, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. WARNING The use of this standard ma
16、y involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
17、 limitations prior to use. BS EN 15041:2014EN 15041:2014 (E) 4 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the products covered by this European Standard: a) this European Standard provides no information as to whether the pr
18、oducts may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of these products remain in force. Conformity wit
19、h this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the products in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the products covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. BS EN 15041:2014EN 15041:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope T
20、his European Standard is applicable to polyphosphates used as antiscalants for membranes for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics and specifies the requirements and the corresponding analytical methods for polyphosphates. It gives information on their u
21、se as antiscalants for membranes in water treatment. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest ed
22、ition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1212:2005, Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Sodium polyphosphate EN 1483, Water quality Determination of mercury Method using atomic absorption spectrometry EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical
23、 laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) EN ISO 5961, Water quality - Determination of cadmium by atomic absorption spectrometry (ISO 5961:1994) EN ISO 11885, Water quality - Determination of selected elements by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-O
24、ES) (ISO 11885:2007) EN ISO 11969, Water quality - Determination of arsenic - Atomic absorption spectrometric method (hydride technique) (ISO 11969:1996) ISO 6703-1, Water quality Determination of cyanide Part 1: Determination of total cyanide ISO 8288:1986, Water quality Determination of cobalt, ni
25、ckel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead Flame atomic absorption spectrometric methods ISO 9174, Water quality Determination of chromium Atomic absorption spectrometric methods ISO 9965, Water quality Determination of selenium Atomic absorption spectrometric method (hydride technique) 3 Description For
26、the identification, the commercial form, the physical properties and the chemical properties see the relevant sub-clauses of EN 1212. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for polyphosphates used as antiscalants for membranes for the treatment
27、 of water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the products. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process other impurities may be present and, if so, this shall be notified to the user and when necessary to relevant authorities. BS EN 150
28、41:2014EN 15041:2006 (E) 6 Users of these products should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives u
29、sed in the products not stated in this product standard. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials lead to significant
30、quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.2 Composition of commercial product The products shall conform to the following requirements on a dry mass basis: phosphate content expressed as P2O5: mass fraction of (64 to 69) %; sodium content
31、 expressed as Na2O: mass fraction of (29 to 34,5) %. 4.3 Impurities and main by-products The products shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1. Table 1 Impurities Impurity Limit mg/kg of dry product Sulfate (SO42-) max. 500 Fluoride (F-) max. 10 4.4 Chemical parameters 4.4.1 Generals C
32、ontent of various chemical parameters depends on the origin of the raw materials, most of these elements are present only as traces. The content of antimony, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cyanides, lead, mercury, nickel and selenium shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 2 of EN 1212:200
33、5. When preparing the products for analysis, it is important to ensure that the chemical parameters are effectively dissolved. The concentration of the solution should be sufficient to permit adequate sensitivity in analysis of the chemical parameters and appropriate steps should be taken to compens
34、ate for any matrix interference caused by the concentration of the products. 4.4.2 Determination of antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cyanide (CN), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni) and selenium (Se) 4.4.2.1 Principle The elements antimony, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead
35、, mercury, nickel and selenium are determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Cyanide is determined by molecular absorption spectrometry. 4.4.2.2 Reagents 4.4.2.2.1 General All reagents shall be of a recognized analytical grade and the water used shall conform to grade 3 specified in EN ISO 3696.
36、 4.4.2.2.2 Hydrochloric acid, concentrated density = 1,42 g/ml. BS EN 15041:2014EN 15041:2014 (E) 7 4.4.2.3 Procedure 4.4.2.3.1 Test portion Weigh, to the nearest 0,001 g, 2,5 g (m) from the laboratory sample into a 100 ml one - mark volumetric flask. 4.4.2.3.2 Test solution Add 20 ml of water and 2
37、 ml of the hydrochloric acid (4.4.2.2.2), dissolve and make up to the mark with water and mix. 4.4.2.3.3 Determination Determine the content of chemical parameters in the test solution (4.4.2.3.2) in accordance with the following methods : Ni and Pb: in accordance with ISO 8288:1986, method A; Cd: i
38、n accordance with EN ISO 5961; CN-: in accordance with ISO 6703-1; Cr: in accordance with ISO 9174; As: in accordance with EN ISO 11969; Se: in accordance with ISO 9965; Sb: in accordance with EN ISO 11885; Hg: in accordance with EN 1483. These methods provide an interim result (y) expressed in mg/l
39、, which needs to be converted to give the final concentration according to the equation in 4.4.2.3.4. 4.4.2.3.4 Expression of results From the interim result (y) determined (see 4.4.2.3.3), the content, w3, of each element in the laboratory sample, expressed in mg/kg of dry antiscalant products is g
40、iven by the following equation (1). mVyw =3(1) y is the interim result (4.4.2.3.3) ; V is the volume, expressed in ml, of the test solution (4.4.2.3.2) (= 100 ml) ; m is the mass, expressed in g, of the test portion. NOTE Pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not relevant in polyphosph
41、ates since the raw material used in the manufacturing process are free of them. 5 Test methods The sampling and the analytical methods are those described in EN 1212. BS EN 15041:2014EN 15041:2006 (E) 8 6 Labelling - Transportation - Storage 6.1 Means of delivery In order that the purity of the prod
42、ucts is not affected, the means of delivery shall not have been used previously for any different product or it shall have been specially cleaned and prepared before use. 6.2 Risk and safety labelling according to the EU legislation1)The following labelling requirements shall apply to polyphosphates
43、 at the date of the publication of this standard: Hazard pictogram(s) Signal word Warning Classification - Hazard statements : H302: Harmful if swallowed Figure 1 GHS07 The legislation 1, and its amendments for the purposes of its adaptation to technical and scientific progress, contains a list of s
44、ubstances classified by the EU. Substances not listed in this regulation should be classified on the basis of their intrinsic properties according to the criteria in the regulation by the person responsible for the marketing of the substance. 6.3 Transportation regulations and labelling Polyphosphat
45、es are not listed under a UN number2). Polyphosphates are not classified as a dangerous product for road, rail, sea and air transportation. 6.4 Marking The marking shall include the following information: the name “antiscaling polyphosphates“, trade name and grade; the net mass; the name and the add
46、ress of the supplier and/or manufacturer; the statement “this product conforms to EN 15041“. 6.5 Storage 6.5.1 Material Use plastics, avoid contact with metals. 1)See 1. 2)United Nations Number. BS EN 15041:2014EN 15041:2014 (E) 9 6.5.2 Long term stability Product is stable for at least one year if
47、stored in closed containers. 6.5.3 Storage incompatibilities No special requirement. BS EN 15041:2014EN 15041:2006 (E) 10 Annex A (informative) General information on polyphosphates A.1 Origin A.1.1 Raw materials Polyphosphates are manufactured from phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide. A.1.2 Manufa
48、cturing process Sodium or potassium hydroxide is added to phosphoric acid in a molar ratio of 1:1.Then the resulting product is dewatered and melted at temperatures above 800 C. A.2 Use A.2.1 Function Polyphosphates are used as antiscalant especially for reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration membr
49、anes. They will not pass the membranes and are rejected to the wastewater with the concentrate. Disposal of waste water should be done in accordance with all applicable local, national, and federal regulations. In its concentrated form polyphosphates are corrosive. Corrosion resistant dosing equipment should therefore be used. The prime application for polyphosphates is for the inhibition of calcium carbonate fouling. A.2.2 Form in which it is used Polyphosphates are mainly used as a solution and within the range of a ma
