1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 50438:2013Requirements for micro-generating plants to beconnected in parallel withpublic low-voltage distributionnetworksBS EN 50438:2013Incorporating corrigendum June 2015BS EN 50438:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation
2、of EN 50438:2013. It supersedes BS EN 50438:2007 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/8, Systems Aspects for Electrical Energy Supply.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This
3、publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 90612 1ICS 29.160.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer im
4、munity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2013.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected30 June 2015 Implementation of CENELEC Interpretation sheet 1 May 2015 in National
5、annex NABS EN 50438:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50438 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM December 2013 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marn
6、ix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 50438:2013 E ICS 29.160.20 Supersedes EN 50438:2007 English version Requirements for micro-generating plants to be connected in parallel with public low
7、-voltage distribution networks Exigences pour les installations de micro-gnration destines tre raccordes en parallle avec les rseaux publics de distribution basse tension Anforderungen fr den Anschluss von Klein-Generatoren an das ffentliche Niederspannungsnetz This European Standard was approved by
8、 CENELEC on 2013-11-04. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national st
9、andards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own lang
10、uage and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Fran
11、ce, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. EN 50438:2013/IS1:2015 3 Text of IS1 to EN 50438:2013 1 Application of EN 50
12、438:2013 instead of EN 50438:2007 Clause Foreword (dow) 2016-11-04 In its foreword, the latest date by which the national standards conflicting with EN 50438:2013 have to be withdrawn, is fixed to 2016-11-04. It has been reported that the EN 50438:2013 has some new functionalities that are not yet a
13、vailable in current state-of-the art micro-generators. Question What considerations should be made when using EN 50438:2013 instead of EN 50438:2007? Interpretation: When a CENELEC standard is published, it contains a date of publication and a date of withdrawal defining the timeframe within which t
14、he national standards should be adapted to this new CENELEC standard. Generally, the date of withdrawal is about 2 years after the date of publication creating an overlap period where the new standard can co-exist with a conflicting one. In the specific case where a standard has been revised, differ
15、ent versions of a same standard can therefore co-exist. This is the case for EN 50438. The latest version has been available since December 2013 and until the date of withdrawal (2016-11-04), the previous version of 2007 can still be applied. In the EN 50438:2013 version, the two most significant ch
16、anges in the technical requirements to the EN 50438:2007 version are the following: introduction of a power reduction capability in case of over-frequency; introduction of reactive power capability TC 8X wants to emphasize that the over-frequency response requirements as described in EN 50438:2013 a
17、re important for grid stability and should be applied as soon as possible. The over-frequency response function is commonly implemented in the considered range of generating units. However, there are other new requirements (e.g. providing reactive power) which are actually not yet commonly implement
18、ed in the considered range of generating units. For these new requirements, the industry might need appropriate time to modify their products. Often micro-generators are also certified by independent certification bodies which adds more time to the manufacturing and testing process. For the implemen
19、tation of these requirements, a period of at least 18 months is considered reasonable. These aspects should be considered when using EN 50438:2013 instead of EN 50438:2007. When using EN 50438:2013, there may be a need to wait up to July 2015 for the application of Subclause 4.3.1. BS EN 50438:2013E
20、N 50438:2013/IS1:2015National Annex NA(informative)EN 50438:2013/IS1:2015 3 Text of IS1 to EN 50438:2013 1 Application of EN 50438:2013 instead of EN 50438:2007 Clause Foreword (dow) 2016-11-04 In its foreword, the latest date by which the national standards conflicting with EN 50438:2013 have to be
21、 withdrawn, is fixed to 2016-11-04. It has been reported that the EN 50438:2013 has some new functionalities that are not yet available in current state-of-the art micro-generators. Question What considerations should be made when using EN 50438:2013 instead of EN 50438:2007? Interpretation: When a
22、CENELEC standard is published, it contains a date of publication and a date of withdrawal defining the timeframe within which the national standards should be adapted to this new CENELEC standard. Generally, the date of withdrawal is about 2 years after the date of publication creating an overlap pe
23、riod where the new standard can co-exist with a conflicting one. In the specific case where a standard has been revised, different versions of a same standard can therefore co-exist. This is the case for EN 50438. The latest version has been available since December 2013 and until the date of withdr
24、awal (2016-11-04), the previous version of 2007 can still be applied. In the EN 50438:2013 version, the two most significant changes in the technical requirements to the EN 50438:2007 version are the following: introduction of a power reduction capability in case of over-frequency; introduction of r
25、eactive power capability TC 8X wants to emphasize that the over-frequency response requirements as described in EN 50438:2013 are important for grid stability and should be applied as soon as possible. The over-frequency response function is commonly implemented in the considered range of generating
26、 units. However, there are other new requirements (e.g. providing reactive power) which are actually not yet commonly implemented in the considered range of generating units. For these new requirements, the industry might need appropriate time to modify their products. Often micro-generators are als
27、o certified by independent certification bodies which adds more time to the manufacturing and testing process. For the implementation of these requirements, a period of at least 18 months is considered reasonable. These aspects should be considered when using EN 50438:2013 instead of EN 50438:2007.
28、When using EN 50438:2013, there may be a need to wait up to July 2015 for the application of Subclause 4.3.1. EN 50438:2013/IS1:2015 4 2 Interpretation on power response to over-frequency 2.1 Subclause 4.2.5 Power response to over-frequency of EN 50438:2013 It has been reported that the function of
29、the intentional delay to the power response to over frequency may be differently interpreted. The generator shall be capable of activating active power frequency response as fast as technically feasible with an initial delay that shall be as short as possible with a maximum of 2 s. If the initial de
30、lay is below 2 s an intentional delay shall be programmable to adjust the total response time to a value between the initial response time and 2 s. It is not clear from the above paragraph of Subclause 4.2.5 whether the programmable intentional delay is a permanent delay (dead time) within the funct
31、ion or whether it is only a delay to start the execution of the function. 2.2 Question: Is the intentional delay integrated into the control loop (dead time) of the active power setpoint in case of over-frequency or is it only delaying the activation of the active power control? 2.3 Interpretation:
32、With the provision described in Subclause 4.2.5 of EN 50438:2013, the intentional delay is only active for the activation of the function, once the function is operating, the established control loop is not intentionally delayed. NOTE 1 The option of an intentional delay is required since a very fas
33、t and undelayed active power frequency response in case of islanding would correct any excess of generation leading to a generation-consumption balance. In these circumstances, an islanding situation with stable frequency would take place, in which the correct behaviour of any LoM detection based on
34、 frequency might be hindered. NOTE 2 The intentional delay is considered relevant for power system stability. For that reason legal regulations might require a mutual agreement on the setting between DSO and TSO. BS EN 50438:2013EN 50438:2013/IS1:2015BS EN 50438:2013EN 50438:2013 - 2 - Contents Fore
35、word 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions 8 4 Technical requirements .13 4.1 Electrical installation 13 4.1.1 General13 4.1.2 Over-current protection 13 4.1.3 Earthing 13 4.2 Normal operating range .13 4.2.1 General13 4.2.2 Continuous voltage operation range .14 4.2.3 Con
36、tinuous frequency operation range 14 4.2.4 Response to under-frequencies .14 4.2.5 Power response to over-frequency .15 4.3 Reactive power capability16 4.3.1 Inverter based micro-generator .16 4.3.2 Directly coupled micro-generator with no inverter 17 4.4 Reactive power control modes .17 4.4.1 Gener
37、al17 4.4.2 Fix control mode cos fix 17 4.4.3 Voltage related control mode Q(U) 18 4.4.4 Power related control mode cos (P) .18 4.5 Voltage control by active power .18 4.6 Interface protection 18 4.6.1 General18 4.6.2 Interface protection settings 20 4.6.3 Requirements regarding single fault toleranc
38、e of interface protection system20 4.7 Connection and starting to generate electrical power .21 4.7.1 General21 4.7.2 Automatic reconnection after tripping 21 4.7.3 Starting to generate electrical power 21 4.7.4 Synchronisation .21 4.8 Power quality 21 4.8.1 General21 4.8.2 DC injection 22 5 Operati
39、on and safety of the micro-generator 22 5.1 General 22 5.2 Safety .23 5.3 Information plate 23 5.4 Labelling 23 5.5 Maintenance and routine testing 24 6 Commissioning .24 Annex A (informative) National settings and requirements .25 A.1 General 25 BS EN 50438:2013EN 50438:2013 - 2 - Contents Foreword
40、 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions 8 4 Technical requirements .13 4.1 Electrical installation 13 4.1.1 General13 4.1.2 Over-current protection 13 4.1.3 Earthing 13 4.2 Normal operating range .13 4.2.1 General13 4.2.2 Continuous voltage operation range .14 4.2.3 Continu
41、ous frequency operation range 14 4.2.4 Response to under-frequencies .14 4.2.5 Power response to over-frequency .15 4.3 Reactive power capability16 4.3.1 Inverter based micro-generator .16 4.3.2 Directly coupled micro-generator with no inverter 17 4.4 Reactive power control modes .17 4.4.1 General17
42、 4.4.2 Fix control mode cos fix 17 4.4.3 Voltage related control mode Q(U) 18 4.4.4 Power related control mode cos (P) .18 4.5 Voltage control by active power .18 4.6 Interface protection 18 4.6.1 General18 4.6.2 Interface protection settings 20 4.6.3 Requirements regarding single fault tolerance of
43、 interface protection system20 4.7 Connection and starting to generate electrical power .21 4.7.1 General21 4.7.2 Automatic reconnection after tripping 21 4.7.3 Starting to generate electrical power 21 4.7.4 Synchronisation .21 4.8 Power quality 21 4.8.1 General21 4.8.2 DC injection 22 5 Operation a
44、nd safety of the micro-generator 22 5.1 General 22 5.2 Safety .23 5.3 Information plate 23 5.4 Labelling 23 5.5 Maintenance and routine testing 24 6 Commissioning .24 Annex A (informative) National settings and requirements .25 A.1 General 25 BS EN 50438:2013EN 50438:2013 - 3 - A.2 AT Austria 25 A.3
45、 BE Belgium 26 A.4 CY Cyprus 27 A.5 CZ Czech Republic 27 A.6 DE Germany .28 A.7 DK Denmark .28 A.8 EE Estonia 28 A.9 ES Spain .29 A.10 FI Finland 30 A.11 FR France .30 A.12 GB United Kingdom 31 A.13 IE Ireland 32 A.14 IT Italy .33 A.15 LV Latvia .35 A.16 NL The Netherlands .36 A.17 NO Norway .36 A.1
46、8 PL Poland .36 A.19 SI Slovenia .37 A.20 SE Sweden .38 Annex B (informative) Loss of Mains and overall system security .39 Annex C (informative) Example notification sheets 40 C.1 General 40 C.2 Application for connection of micro-generators .40 C.3 Notification of micro-generator decommissioning .
47、43 Annex D (informative) Compliance type testing 44 D.1 General 44 D.2 Type testing of the interface protection .44 D.2.1 Introduction 44 D.2.2 General44 D.2.3 Over-/under-voltage .44 D.2.4 Over- /under-frequency .45 D.2.5 Loss of Mains (LoM) detection .46 D.3 Type testing of a micro-generator 47 D.
48、3.1 Operating range .47 D.3.2 Active power feed-in at under-frequency 48 D.3.3 Power response to over-frequency .48 D.3.4 Reactive power capability .50 D.3.5 Voltage control by active power 52 D.3.6 Connection and starting to generate electrical power 52 D.3.7 Short-circuit current contribution 53 D
49、.3.8 Harmonic current emission 54 D.3.9 Voltage fluctuations and flicker .54 D.3.10 DC injection 54 Annex E (informative) Example test results sheet 55 E.1 General details 55 E.1.1 Micro-generator details .55 E.1.2 Test house details .55 E.1.3 Test details .55 BS EN 50438:2013EN 50438:2013 - 4 - E.2 Type testing of the interface protection .56 E.2.1 General56 E.2.2 Over-/under-frequency tests 56 E.2.3 Over-/under-voltage tests (single stage protection) 56 E.2.4 LoM test 56 E.3 Type testing of a micro-generator 57
