1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 60505:2011Evaluation and qualification ofelectrical insulation systemsBS EN 60505:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN
2、 60505:2011. It isidentical to IEC 60505:2011. It supersedes BS EN 60505:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/112, Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulating materials and systems.A list of organizations represented on th
3、is committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 66762 6 ICS 29.080.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity
4、 from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 60505:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60505 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM August 2011 CE
5、NELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldw
6、ide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60505:2011 E ICS 29.080.30 Supersedes EN 60505:2004English version Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulation systems (IEC 60505:2011) Evaluation et qualification des systmes disolation lectrique (CEI 60505:2011) Bewertung und Kennzeichnung von elektri
7、schen Isoliersystemen (IEC 60505:2011) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-08-15. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration
8、. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by transla
9、tion under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Esto
10、nia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 60505:2011EN 60505:2011 - 2 - Foreword The text of document
11、112/174/FDIS, future edition 4 of IEC 60505, prepared by IEC TC 112, Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulating materials and systems, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60505:2011. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document
12、has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2012-05-15 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2014-08-15 This document supersedes EN 60505:2004. The main change with res
13、pect to EN 60505:2004 is that Annex A: Glossary is now available in an Internet version (http:/std.iec.ch/iec60505) as well as a hardcopy version. The internet version contains an abridged text version and a multimedia supplement. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of th
14、is document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60505:2011 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the of
15、ficial version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 60068-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60068-1. IEC 60068-2 series NOTE Harmonized in EN 60068-2 series. IEC 60068-2-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60068-2-1. IEC 60068-2-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60068-2-2. IEC 60
16、068-2-10 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60068-2-10. IEC 60068-2-14 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60068-2-14. IEC 60068-2-27 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60068-2-27. IEC 60112 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60112. IEC 60212 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60212. IEC 60216 series NOTE Harmonized in EN 60216 series. IEC 60216-1 NOTE Harmonized
17、as EN 60216-1. IEC 60243-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60243-1. IEC 60243-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60243-2. IEC 60243-3 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60243-3. IEC 60664-4 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60664-4. IEC 60270:2000 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60270:2001 (not modified). BS EN 60505:2011- 3 - EN 60505:2011 IEC 60371-2 N
18、OTE Harmonized as EN 60371-2. IEC 60587 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60587. IEC 60721 series NOTE Harmonized in EN 60721 series. IEC 60811-3-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60811-3-1. IEC 61033 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61033. IEC 61710 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61710. IEC 62231 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62231. IEC 62271-304
19、NOTE Harmonized as CLC/TS 62271-304. ISO 62 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 62. ISO 175 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 175. ISO 877-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 877-1. ISO 877-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 877-2. ISO 4611 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 4611. BS EN 60505:2011EN 60505:2011 - 4 - Annex ZA (normative) Nor
20、mative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
21、 document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60216-2 - Electrical insulating materials - Thermal endurance properties - Part 2: Det
22、ermination of thermal endurance properties of electrical insulating materials - Choice of test criteria EN 60216-2 - IEC 60216-3 - Electrical insulating materials - Thermal endurance properties - Part 3: Instructions for calculating thermal endurance characteristics EN 60216-3 - IEC 60216-5 - Electr
23、ical insulating materials - Thermal endurance properties - Part 5: Determination of relative thermal endurance index (RTE) of an insulating material EN 60216-5 - IEC 60493-1 - Guide for the statistical analysis of ageing test data - Part 1: Methods based on mean values of normally distributed test r
24、esults - - IEC 60544-1 - Electrical insulating materials - Determination of the effects of ionizing radiation - Part 1: Radiation interaction and dosimetry EN 60544-1 - IEC/TS 61251 - Electrical insulating materials - A.C. voltage endurance evaluation - Introduction - - IEC 62539 - Guide for the sta
25、tistical analysis of electrical insulation breakdown data - - 2 60505 IEC:2011 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope . 9 2 Normative references . 9 3 Terms and definitions . 9 3.1 General terms . 10 3.2 Terms related to service stresses and ageing 10 3.3 Terms related to testing . 11 4 Agei
26、ng 12 4.1 Ageing mechanism 12 4.2 Assessment of ageing mechanisms . 14 4.3 Electrical ageing 15 4.4 Thermal ageing . 17 4.5 Mechanical ageing 19 4.6 Environmental ageing 21 4.7 Accelerated ageing 22 4.8 Multifactor ageing 23 5 Basic evaluation considerations 23 5.1 Elements for preparing an evaluati
27、on method 23 5.1.1 Object . 23 5.1.2 Service conditions . 23 5.1.3 Life values . 24 5.2 Types of evaluation procedures . 24 5.3 Choice of the test object 26 5.4 Experimental test procedures 26 5.5 Conclusions for standardization practices 27 6 Functional ageing tests. 27 6.1 Test objects. 27 6.1.1 C
28、onstruction of test objects . 27 6.1.2 Number of test objects . 28 6.1.3 Quality assurance tests . 28 6.1.4 Preconditioning subcycle . 28 6.1.5 Initial diagnostic tests 28 6.1.6 Reference EIS . 28 6.2 Test conditions 28 6.2.1 Continuous and cyclic testing 28 6.2.2 Levels of test stresses, ageing fac
29、tors and diagnostic factors 29 6.3 Determination of EIS service life . 29 6.3.1 Extrapolation of life test results . 29 6.3.2 Comparison of life test data . 29 6.4 Diagnostics . 30 6.4.1 Diagnostic tests End point criteria. 30 6.4.2 Additional specific tests . 31 6.5 Analysing the data . 31 6.6 Test
30、 report 31 Annex A (informative) Glossary 32 60505 IEC:2011 3 Bibliography 71 Figure 1 Ageing of an EIS 13 Figure 2 Intrinsic/extrinsic electrical ageing of practical EIS . 15 Figure 3 Intrinsic/extrinsic thermal ageing of practical EIS . 17 Figure 4 Intrinsic/extrinsic mechanical ageing of practica
31、l EIS . 20 Figure 5 Intrinsic/extrinsic environmental ageing of practical EIS . 22 Figure 6 Elements of evaluation methods . 23 Figure 7 Type of evaluation procedure . 25 Figure 8 Selection of test object . 26 Figure 9 Establishing the test method 27 Figure A.1 Surface abrasion damage . 32 Figure A.
32、2 Surface enamel peeling like string . 32 Figure A.3 Scheme of the measurement set-up for the charging/discharging current 33 Figure A.4 Example of sample preparation . 33 Figure A.5 Charging/discharging current on HDPE film 34 Figure A.6 Property versus time behaviour, detection of threshold (end p
33、oint, pL) and maintenance time . 35 Figure A.7 Correspondence between the ageing plots of the property p (in red), obtained at different stress levels, and the resulting life line . 35 Figure A.8 Example of charge injection of positive carriers (holes) from the anode and of negative charge carriers
34、(electrons) from the cathode in a PE flat specimen, detected by space charge measurement performed by PEA method . 36 Figure A.9 Stress-strain curve for a typical material . 37 Figure A.10 Scheme of measurement set- up for charging/discharging current 38 Figure A.11 Example of sample preparation . 3
35、8 Figure A.12 Charging/discharging current on HDPE film 38 Figure A.13 Charging current at 135 C and different values of DC electrical field . 39 Figure A.14 Charging current at 120 C and different values of DC electrical field . 39 Figure A.15 Corona at post insulator head 40 Figure A.16 Corona on
36、top and arcing to ground 40 Figure A.17 Stages of mechanical ductile fracture (cracking) (Source unknown) . 41 Figure A.18 Photo showing orderings in epoxy structure and void 42 Figure A.19 Discharge between conductors through air 44 Figure A.20 Paper insulation degraded by electrical surface discha
37、rges 44 Figure A.21 Example of electric strength test on XLPE sample 0,2 mm thick . 45 Figure A.22 Two parameters Weibull plot electric strength results performed on seven XLPE specimens, 0,2 mm thick 45 Figure A.23 Loss angle of a dielectric 47 Figure A.24 Loss factor for pre-treated and thermally
38、aged (at 110 C and 130 C) XLPE cables measured at 90 C plotted vs. frequency 47 Figure A.25 Field lines from a positive charge above a plane conductor . 48 Figure A.26 Electrical tree 49 Figure A.27 EPDM ashing and erosion on fitting 50 Figure A.28 Failing external insulation . 51 4 60505 IEC:2011 F
39、igure A.29 Failing external insulation . 51 Figure A.30 Critical failure of solid cable insulation (XLPE) by electrical breakdown . 52 Figure A.31 Example flashover 53 Figure A.32 Substation Outdoor installation 54 Figure A.34 Internal interfaces in epoxy structure and void 56 Figure A.35 Example of
40、 craze and crack development in an inter-lamellar space under mechanical tension T 57 Figure A.36 Water treeing 58 Figure A.37 After 11 years in service UV and moisture impact . 59 Figure A.38 Random (amorphous) structure of a molecular chain 59 Figure A.39 Oriented structure (semi-crystalline) of a
41、 molecular chain . 59 Figure A.40 Typical morphology of melt-grown polyethylene spherulites 60 Figure A.41 Areas in which PD generally occur 61 Figure A.42 Classes of defect Internal, surface and corona PD . 61 Figure A.43 Basic PD measurement circuit 62 Figure A.44 Examples of PD patterns relevant
42、to internal, surface and corona PD . 62 Figure A.45 GIS research Metal conductor protrusion . 63 Figure A.46 Internally strained epoxy Frozen in strains in epoxy resin due to thermal stress, measured by TMA curves . 64 Figure A.47 Externally strained parts in an on-load tap changer (OLTC) 64 Figure
43、A.48 A material being loaded in a) compression, b) tension, c) shear 65 Figure A.49 Effect of thermal-mechanical stresses leading to interfacial electrical tracking . 66 Figure A.50 Stress-strain curve for a typical material . 66 Figure A.51 Over crimped rod; breaks during tensile test . 67 Figure A
44、.52 Typical installation fault 68 Figure A.53 Surface tracking on sheds and fitting end 68 Figure A.54 Vented trees Initiate at interface 69 Figure A.55 Tape wrinkling 70 Table 1 Ageing temperatures . 19 Table 2 Cyclical and continuous procedures 30 60505 IEC:2011 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL CO
45、MMISSION _ EVALUATION AND QUALIFICATION OF ELECTRICAL INSULATION SYSTEMS FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote inte
46、rnational co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereaft
47、er referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also partici
48、pate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an i
49、nternational consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of I
