1、 CENELEC ENub0835-3-5 94 3404583 0358842 07T BRITISH STANDARD Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 3. Measurements on satellite earth stations Section 3.5 Up- and down-converters The European Standard EN 60835-3-5 : 1994 has the status of a B
2、ritish Standard UDC 621.396.6 : 629.783 : 621.317.08 BS EN BS 7573 : Section 3.5 : 1995 1994 60835-3-5 : 1995 IEC 835-3-5 : CENELEC EN*b0835-3-5 94 W 3404583 0358843 Tob W BS EN 60835-3-5 : 1995 effect on 15 August 1995 Amd. No. Date O BSI 1995 The following BSI references relate to the work on this
3、 . standard: Committee reference EPU12 Draft for comment 91/22367 DC ISBN O 580 24396 6 Committees responsible for this British Standard Text affected The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to %chnical Committee EPL/12, Radiocommunication, upon which the following bodies were represe
4、nted: British Broadcasting Corporation British Radio and Electronic Equipment Manufacturers? Association British Telecommunications pic ERA lchnology Ltd. Institution of Electrical Engineers Radio, Electrical and Television Retailers? Association Radiocommunications Agency CENELEC ENab0835-3-5 94 34
5、04583 OL588Y4 942 BS EN 608353-5 : 1995 Contents page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Rxt of EN 60835-3-5 3 1 CENELEC ENxb0835-3-5 94 m 3404583 0358845 889 m BS EN 608353-5 : 1995 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committ
6、ee EPL/12 and is the English language version of EN 60835-3-5 : 1994 Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 3: Measurevmmts on satellite earth stations Section 3.5: Up- and down-converters, published by the European Committee for Electrotechnic
7、ai Standardization (CENELEC). It is identical with IEC 835-3-5 : 1994 published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). BS EN 60835 is published in three Parts. The other Parts are: Part 1. Measurements common to terrestrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations Part 2. Me
8、asurements on terrestrial radio-relay systems Some of the many Sections of the three Parts have appeared under the number BS 7573, of the same generic title. This Section of BS EN 60835 describes methods of measurement of the electrical characteristics of up-converters and down-converters used in sa
9、tellite earth station transmitters and receivers with digital modulation. Cross-references Publication referred to EN 60835-1-1 : 1992 (IEC 835-1-1 1990) EN60835-1-2 : 1993 (IEC 835-1-2 : 1992) IEC 835-1-3 : 1992 IEC 835-3-4 : 1993 Corresponding British Standard BS EN 60835 Methods of measuremml for
10、 equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 1 Measurements commim to terrestrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations Section 1.1 : 1994 General Section 1.2 : 1995 Basic characteristics BS 7573 Methods of masurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio t
11、ransmission systems Part 1 Measurements common to terrestrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations Section 1.3 : 1993 Transmission characteristics Part 3 Meclsur- on satellite earth stations Section 3.4 : 1993 Low noise amplvier Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confe
12、r immunity from legal obligations. ii CENELEC EN*bO835-3-5 94 = 3404583 01588Yb 715 H EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 60835-3-5 May 1994 UDC 621.396.6 : 629.783 : 621.317.08 Descriptors: Radiocommunications, telecommunications, communication equipment, earth stations, satellite
13、broadcasting, microwave frequencies, measurement, characteristics English version Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems Part 3: Measurements on satellite earth stations Section 5: Up- and down-converters (IEC 835-3-5 1994) Mthodes de mesure applica
14、bles au matriel utilis pour les systmes de transmission numrique en hyperfrquence Partie 3: Mesures applicables aux stations terriennes de tlcommunications par satellite abaisseurs de frquence MeBverfahren fr Gerte in digitalen Mikrowellen-Funkbertragungs-systemen Teil 3: Messungen an Satelliten-Erd
15、funkstellen Hauptabschnitt 5: Sende- und Empfangsumsetzer Section 5: Convertisseurs lvateurs et (IEC 835-3-5 1994) (CE1 835-3-5 : 1994) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 1993-12-08. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the condi
16、tions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in th
17、ree official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechni
18、cal committees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, reland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechn
19、ique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels O 1994 Copyright reserved to CENELEC members Ref. No. EN 60835-3-5 : 1994 E Foreword The text of document 12E(C0)147, as prepared by Subcommittee 12E : Radio-relay and fixed satellite commu
20、nications systems, of IEC Echnical Committee 12, Radiocommunications, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote in April 1993. The reference document was approved by CENELEC as EN 60835-3-5 on 8 December 1993. “he following dates were fixed: - latest date of publication of an identical national
21、 standard (dop) 1995-04-01 - latest date of withdrawal of conflicting national standards (dow) 1995-04-01 CENELEC EN+b0835-3-5 94 3404583 01588Ll8 598 Page 3 EN 60835-3-5 : 1994 CONTENTS Page 2 FOREWORD Cbuse 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Scope . 5 5 Normative references . General 6 3.1 Up-converter
22、 6 3.2 Down-converter . 6 Input and output return loss 6 Input and output level or power 7 7 Gain 7 6.1 Gain stability 6.2 Gain compression . 7 Automatic gain control (a.g.c.) 8 7.1 Definition and general considerations 8 7.2 Method of measurement 8 7.3 Presentation of results . 8 7.4 Details to be
23、specified 9 9 Amplitude modulationiphase modulation conversion factor Amplitude/frequency characteristic 9 Group delay/frequency characteristic ,. 9 9 Spurious output signals (including harmonics) . 9 Intermodulation products . Phase noise . 9 13.1 Definition and general considerations 9 13.2 Method
24、 of measurement using a spectrum analyser 1 O 13.3 Alternative method of measurement for down-converters 1 O 13.4 Alternative method of measurement for up-converters 1 1 13.5 Presentation of results 1 1 13.6 Details to be specified 1 1 CENELEC EN#b0835-3-5 94 3404583 0358849 424 Page 4 EN 60835-3-5
25、: 1994 Clause 14 Noise figure 14.1 Up-converter 14.2 Down-converter . 14.3 Calibration 14.4 Correction of the measurement data 14.5 Presentation of results . 14.6 Details to be specified 15 Local oscillator frequency Figures . Page 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 15 Annex ZA (normative) Other international
26、publications quoted in this standard with the references of the relevant European publications . 19 CENELEC EN*60835-3-5 94 m 3404583 Oh58850 146 m Page 5 EN 608353-5 : 1994 METHODS OF MEASUREMENT FOR EQUIPMENT USED IN DIGITAL MICROWAVE RADIO TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS Part 3: Measurements on satellite ea
27、rth stations Section 5: Up- and down-converters 1 Scope This section of IEC 835-3 describes methods of measurement of the electrical character- istics of up-converters and down-converters used in satellite earth station transmitters and receivers with digital modulation. 2 Normative references The f
28、ollowing normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this section of IEC 835-3. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this section o
29、f IEC 835-3 are encouraged to investigate the possi- bility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 835-1-1 : 1990, Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital
30、microwave radio transmission systems - Pari 7 I Measurements common to terrestrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations - Section I: General IEC 835-1 -2: 1992, Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems - Part 1: Measurements common to terr
31、estrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations - Section 2: Basic characteristics IEC 835-1 -3: 1992. Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems - Part 1: Measurements common to terrestrial radio-relay systems and satellite earth stations - Se
32、ction 3: Transmission characteristics IEC 835-3-4: 1993, Methods of measurement for equipment used in digital microwave radio transmission systems - Part 3: Measurements on satellite earth stations - Section 4: Low noise amplifier CENELEC ENmbO835-3-5 94 w 3404583 0358853 082 Page 6 EN 608353-5 : 19
33、94 3 General 3.1 Up-converter An up-converter is a subsystem of the transmitting chain which converts an i.f. signal (e.g. in the frequency bands 70 MHz or 140 MHz) to an r.f. signal (e.g. in the frequency bands 6 GHz or 14 GHz). Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a typical double conversion up-conve
34、rier. Note that in some cases only one mixing stage may be used. The up-converter shown in figure 1 consists principally of a first i.f. stage, a first mixer, a first local oscillator and a first i.f. filter, a second i.f. stage, a second mixer, a second local oscillator and an r.f. output filter. T
35、he filters are provided after the mixers to suppress the local oscillator signals and other spurious signals which may be present at the output of the mixers. I.F. equalizers may be provided for correcting the up-converter amplitude/ frequency and/or group delay/frequency characteristics but additio
36、nal, separate, i.f. amplitude and group-delay equalizers may be provided to equalize the earth station trans- mit characteristic and to pre-correct for the satellite group-delay and amplitude/frequency response. A variable attenuator is included to adjust the gain of the up-converter. 3.2 Down-conve
37、rter A down-converter is a subsystem of the receiving chain which converts an r.f. signal (e.g. in the frequency bands 4 GHz or 11 GHz) to an i.f. signal (e.g. in the frequency bands 70 MHz or 140 MHz). Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a typical double-conversion down-converter. Note that in some c
38、ases only one mixing stage may be used. The down-converter shown in figure 2 consists principally of an r.f. filter, a first mixer, a first local oscillator, a first i.f. stage, a first i.f. filter, a second mixer, a second local oscil- lator and a second i.f. stage. The i.f. filters are provided af
39、ter the mixers to suppress the local oscillator signals and other spurious signals which may be present at the output. I.F. equalizers may be provided for correcting the down-converter amplitude/frequency and/or group delayjfrequency characteristics. Equalization of the receiving chain is normally c
40、arried out by individual equalizers. Auto- matic gain control (a.g.c.) may be provided to maintain a constant i.f. level with variations in the r.f. input level. 4 Input and output return loss See IEC 835-1 -2. Page 7 EN 60835-3-5 : 1994 NOTE - Special care should be taken that unwanted signals are
41、excluded by the measuring equipment, particularly those from the local oscillator. During the measurement the oscillator power should be adjusted to its nominal value. 5 Input and output level or power See IEC 835-1-2. 6 Gain See IEC 835-1-2. The gain is usually adjustable and should be measured at
42、specified gain control setting. NOTE - The input and output frequencies are different and this should be taken into account in the test arrangement. 6.1 Gain stability See IEC 835-3-4. 6.2 Gain compression 6.2.1 Definition Gain compression is the ratio, in decibels, between the gain measured at low
43、signal levels and !he gain measured at a specified test output and input level. It is usual to specify the output level at which gain compression is 1 dB. 6.2.2 Method of measurement The gain as defined above is measured at different input signal levels and gain compres- sion is then calculated from
44、 the values obtained. For the measurement of small gain compressions, the test equipment used needs to be of high accuracy and stability. If a filter is included to measure the wanted signal, its insertion loss needs to be taken into account in the presentation of the results. A selective level mete
45、r may be used to select the wanted signal for measurement. The gain compression can then be evaluated from the curve which relates output level to input level. NOTES 1 manually to obtain the specified test output levei at the nominal input level(s). If the converter provides a.g.c., this control nee
46、ds to be switched off and the i.f. gain adjusted 2 To avoid errors due to power fluctuations, it may be necessary to use two power meters which are read simultaneously - one meter being connected to the input port and the other to the output port. The use of differential measuring equipment enables
47、the measurement of gain compression to be made with greater accuracy than is achievable using two power meters. 6.2.3 Presentation of results Preferably the results should be presented as a graph of power gain versus input power. CENELEC ENxb0835-3-5 94 W 3404583 OI1.58853 955 Page 8 EN 60835-3-5 :
48、1994 When the results are not presented graphically, they should be given as in the folloWng example: “The gain compression at output level of . dBm is . dB.“ 6.2.4 Details to be specified The following items should be included, as required, in the detailed equipment specifi- cat ion : a) input leve
49、l(s) and frequency; b) output level(s) and frequency; c) permitted gain compression. 7 Automatic gain control (a.g.c.) If an a.g.c. is employed its performance can be measured as described below. 7.1 Definition and general considerations The a.g.c. characteristic of the down-converter is given by the i.f. output level as a function of the r.f. input level, both expressed in dBm at the nominal input frequency. This is the steady-state characteristic which is measured by manually changing the r.f. input level. 7.2 Method of measurement The input port of t
