1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI British StandardsWB9423_BSI_StandardColCov_noK_AW:BSI FRONT COVERS 5/9/08 12:55 Page 1Photovoltaic devices Part 3: Measurement principles for terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) solar devices withreference
2、 spectral irradiance dataBS EN 60904-3:2008NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LANational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60904-3:2008. It isidentical to IEC 60904-3:2008. It supersedes BS EN 60904-3:1993 whichis withdrawn.The UK participat
3、ion in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GEL/82, Solar photovoltaic energy systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are resp
4、onsible for its correct application. BSI 2009IISBN 978 0 580 54257 2ICS 27.160Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on Amendments issued since publicationAm
5、d. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60904-3:200831 January 2009EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60904-3 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM June 2008 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische No
6、rmung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60904-3:2008 E ICS 27.160 Supersedes EN 60904-3:1993English version Photovoltaic devices - Part 3: Measurement p
7、rinciples for terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data (IEC 60904-3:2008) Dispositifs photovoltaques - Partie 3: Principes de mesure des dispositifs solaires photovoltaques (PV) usage terrestre incluant les donnes de lclairement spectral de rfrence (CEI 609
8、04-3:2008) Photovoltaische Einrichtungen Teil 3: Messgrundstze fr terrestrische photovoltaische (PV) Einrichtungen mit Angaben ber die spektrale Strahlungsverteilung (IEC 60904-3:2008) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2008-05-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENE
9、LEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any C
10、ENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versio
11、ns. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
12、Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 60904-3:2008EN 60904-3:2008 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 82/511/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60904-3, prepared by IEC TC 82, Solar photovoltaic energy systems, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was
13、approved by CENELEC as EN 60904-3 on 2008-05-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 60904-3:1993. The main changes with respect to EN 60904-3:1993 are as follows: wavelength range extended deeper into the ultraviolet (280 nm instead of 305 nm); sunfacing surface considered; uniform wavelength inte
14、rvals used (0,5 nm up to 400 nm, 1 nm up to 1 700 nm, 5 nm up to 4 000 nm); better resolution than in EN 60904-3:1993; more representative atmospheric conditions are considered; the model used to generate the spectrum has changed from BRITE to SMARTS (version 2.9), which is publicly available. In ad
15、dition, the terminology annex has been removed from EN 60904-3:2008 because this part is now included in IEC/TS 61836:2007. The titles of some clauses have been changed (others have been added) to accord with the usual structure of IEC standards. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which
16、the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-02-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-05-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The te
17、xt of the International Standard IEC 60904-3:2008 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ BS EN 60904-3:2008- 3 - EN 60904-3:2008 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The following re
18、ferenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified by commo
19、n modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60891 + A1 1987 1992 Procedures for temperature and irradiance corrections to measured I-V characteristics of crystalline silicon photovoltaic devices EN 60891 1994 IEC 60904-1 -1)Photovoltaic devi
20、ces - Part 1: Measurement of photovoltaic current-voltage characteristics EN 60904-1 20062)IEC 60904-2 -1)Photovoltaic devices - Part 2: Requirements for reference solar devices EN 60904-2 20072)IEC 60904-7 -1)Photovoltaic devices - Part 7: Computation of spectral mismatch error introduced in the te
21、sting of a photovoltaic device EN 60904-7 19982)IEC 60904-9 -1)Photovoltaic devices - Part 9: Solar simulator performance requirements EN 60904-9 20072)1)Undated reference. 2)Valid edition at date of issue. BS EN 60904-3:2008 2 60904-3 IEC:2008 CONTENTS 1 Scope and object5 2 Normative references .5
22、3 Measurement principles6 4 Reference solar spectral irradiance distribution 6 Annex A (normative) Use of SMARTS 31 Figure 1 Reference solar spectral irradiance distribution listed in Table 1 30 Table 1 Reference solar spectral irradiance distribution .8 BS EN 60904-3:200860904-3 IEC:2008 5 PHOTOVOL
23、TAIC DEVICES Part 3: Measurement principles for terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data 1 Scope and object This part of IEC 60904 applies to the following photovoltaic devices for terrestrial applications: solar cells with or without a protective cover; su
24、b-assemblies of solar cells; modules; systems. NOTE The term “test specimen” is used to denote any of these devices. The principles contained in this standard cover testing in both natural and simulated sunlight. This standard is not applicable to solar cells designed for operation in concentrated s
25、unlight or to modules embodying concentrators. Photovoltaic conversion is spectrally selective due to the nature of the semiconductor materials used in PV solar cells and modules. To compare the relative performance of different PV devices and materials a reference standard solar spectral distributi
26、on is necessary. This standard includes such a reference solar spectral irradiance distribution. This standard also describes basic measurement principles for determining the electrical output of PV devices. The principles given in this standard are designed to relate the performance rating of PV de
27、vices to a common reference terrestrial solar spectral irradiance distribution. The reference terrestrial solar spectral irradiance distribution given in this standard is required in order to classify solar simulators according to the spectral performance requirements contained in IEC 60904-9. 2 Nor
28、mative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60891:1987, Procedures for
29、temperature and irradiance corrections to measured I-V characteristics of crystalline silicon photovoltaic devices Amendment 1 (1992) IEC 60904-1, Photovoltaic devices Part 1: Measurements of photovoltaic current-voltage characteristics IEC 60904-2, Photovoltaic devices Part 2: Requirements for refe
30、rence solar devices IEC 60904-7, Photovoltaic devices Part 7: Computation of spectral mismatch error introduced in the testing of a photovoltaic device BS EN 60904-3:2008 6 60904-3 IEC:2008 IEC 60904-9, Photovoltaic devices Part 9: Solar simulator performance requirements 3 Measurement principles In
31、 current practice the photovoltaic performance of a solar cell or module is determined by exposing it at a known temperature to stable sunlight, natural or simulated, and measuring its current-voltage (I-V) characteristic curve while measuring the magnitude of both the incident irradiance and the PV
32、 device temperature. Detailed I-V curve measurement procedures are included in IEC 60904-1. The measured performances can then be corrected to Standard Test Conditions (STC) or other desired conditions of irradiance and temperature according to IEC 60891. The corrected power output at the rated volt
33、age and STC is commonly referred to as the rated power. Incident irradiance can be measured by means of a PV reference device (whose spectral response must be known) or, if measuring under natural sunlight, by means of a thermopile-type irradiance detector (pyranometer). If a PV reference device is
34、used, it shall satisfy the requirements specified in IEC 60904-2. Temperature determination of the PV device under test shall be made according to IEC 60904-1. Since a solar cell has a wavelength-dependent response, its performance is significantly affected by the spectral distribution of the incide
35、nt radiation, which in natural sunlight varies with several factors such as location, weather, time of year, time of day, orientation of the receiving surface, etc., and with a simulator varies with its type and conditions of use. If the irradiance is measured either with a thermopile-type radiomete
36、r (that is not spectrally selective) or with a reference solar cell, the spectral irradiance distribution of the incoming light must be known in order to make the necessary corrections to obtain the performance of the PV device under the reference solar spectral distribution defined in this standard
37、 as specified in IEC 60904-7. It is also possible for a user or array designer, using the spectral response of the cells, to compute within a reasonable tolerance the performance of a PV device when exposed to light of any other known spectral irradiance distribution. The methodology for this calcul
38、ation can be found in IEC 60904-7. 4 Reference solar spectral irradiance distribution The reference solar spectral distribution AM1.5 is given in Table 1 and Figure 1. This is a total distribution (direct + diffuse) of sunlight, corresponding to an integrated irradiance of 1 000 Wm2incident on a sun
39、-facing plane surface tilted at 37 to the horizontal considering the wavelength-dependent albedo of a light bare soil, under the following atmospheric conditions: U.S. Standard Atmosphere with CO2concentration increased to current level (370 ppm), a rural aerosol model, and no pollution; precipitabl
40、e water: 1,4164 cm; ozone content: 0,3438 atm-cm (or 343,8 DU); turbidity (aerosol optical depth): 0,084 at 500 nm; pressure: 1013,25 hPa (i.e., sea level). Data contained in Table 1 have been generated using the solar spectral model SMARTS, Version 2.9.2. A general description of this model and its
41、 suitability to reproduce actual solar spectral irradiance distributions can be found in “Proposed Reference Irradiance Spectra for Solar Energy Systems Testing” by C. A. Gueymard, C. Myers and K. Emery1), and in the references therein. Table 1 can be obtained using the data contained in Annex A as
42、an input to the model SMARTS Version 2.9.2. The resulting output spectral irradiance values have to _ 1)C. A. Gueymard, C. Myers and K. Emery. “Proposed Reference Irradiance Spectra for Solar Energy Systems Testing”. Energie solaire, Vol 73, No. 6, pp. 443-467, 2002. BS EN 60904-3:200860904-3 IEC:20
43、08 7 be multiplied by a normalization factor (0,9971) in order to get an integrated irradiance of 1000 Wm2in the wavelength range 0 to infinity. At the time of publication of this standard the SMARTS Version 2.9.2 spectral model code is available, free of charge, subject to the authors license agree
44、ment, at http:/www.nrel.gov/rredc/smarts. A copy of the model, not for distribution purposes, is kept under IEC TC 82 WG 2 control. BS EN 60904-3:2008 8 60904-3 IEC:2008 Table 1 Reference solar spectral irradiance distribution Wave-length (nm) Spectral irradiance (Wm2nm1) Spectral photon irradiance
45、(m2s1nm1) Cumulative integrated irradiance (Wm2) 280,0 4,72E-23 6,649E-05 0,00E+00280,5 1,23E-21 1,733E-03 3,19E-22281,0 5,67E-21 8,025E-03 2,04E-21281,5 1,56E-19 2,213E-01 4,25E-20282,0 1,19E-18 1,691E+00 3,79E-19282,5 4,53E-18 6,443E+00 1,81E-18283,0 1,84E-17 2,621E+01 7,54E-18283,5 3,53E-17 5,032
46、E+01 2,10E-17284,0 7,25E-16 1,036E+03 2,11E-16284,5 2,48E-15 3,550E+03 1,01E-15285,0 7,99E-15 1,146E+04 3,63E-15285,5 4,25E-14 6,107E+04 1,62E-14286,0 1,36E-13 1,964E+05 6,10E-14286,5 8,36E-13 1,205E+06 3,04E-13287,0 2,73E-12 3,942E+06 1,20E-12287,5 1,09E-11 1,573E+07 4,60E-12288,0 6,22E-11 9,011E+0
47、7 2,29E-11288,5 1,71E-10 2,485E+08 8,12E-11289,0 5,61E-10 8,162E+08 2,64E-10289,5 2,07E-09 3,015E+09 9,22E-10290,0 6,00E-09 8,758E+09 2,94E-09290,5 1,37E-08 2,010E+10 7,87E-09291,0 3,50E-08 5,120E+10 2,00E-08291,5 1,09E-07 1,597E+11 5,60E-08292,0 2,68E-07 3,932E+11 1,50E-07292,5 4,26E-07 6,267E+11 3
48、,23E-07293,0 8,62E-07 1,272E+12 6,45E-07293,5 2,26E-06 3,345E+12 1,43E-06294,0 4,16E-06 6,160E+12 3,03E-06294,5 6,57E-06 9,743E+12 5,72E-06295,0 1,23E-05 1,820E+13 1,04E-05295,5 2,77E-05 4,127E+13 2,04E-05296,0 4,78E-05 7,117E+13 3,93E-05296,5 7,11E-05 1,062E+14 6,90E-05297,0 9,65E-05 1,443E+14 1,11
49、E-04297,5 1,86E-04 2,779E+14 1,81E-04298,0 2,89E-04 4,336E+14 3,00E-04298,5 3,57E-04 5,362E+14 4,62E-04299,0 4,91E-04 7,386E+14 6,73E-04299,5 8,58E-04 1,294E+15 1,01E-03300,0 0,0010 1,537E+15 0,00 300,5 0,0012 1,878E+15 0,00 301,0 0,0019 2,916E+15 0,00 301,5 0,0027 4,073E+15 0,00 Wave-length (nm) Spectral irradiance (Wm2nm1)Spectral photon irradiance (m2s1nm1) Cumulative integrated irradiance (Wm2) 302,0 0,0029 4,428E+15
